NSG 3370 - Exam 2 questions with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
answers
Why is water a major component of the body?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
It is essential to homeostasis, a place for metabolic reactions,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transportation system for the body, and it facilitating movements |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of body parts
|\ |\ |\
What are the different fluid compartments?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Intracellular compartment (ICF) and extracellular compartment
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(ECF)
Intracellular compartment |\
Fluid inside the cells
|\ |\ |\
Extracellular compartment (ECF) |\ |\
Fluid outside cells |\ |\
What does the extracellular compartment consist of?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Intravascular fluid (IVF), interstitial fluid (ISF), and cerebrospinal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
fluid (CSF)
|\
How does the body balance water and electrolytes?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Through thirst, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and T-type natriuretic peptide)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How do antidiuretic hormones regulate water and electrolyte
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
balance?
Through reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How does aldosterone regulate water and electrolyte balance?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Through reabsorption of sodium and water
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How does fluid circulate throughout the body?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Via filtration and osmosis
|\ |\ |\
How does water move between compartments?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Via hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Osmolality
Concentration of osmotic solution, a lab value (measurable)|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Changes in what measurement can cause water to move to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
different compartments? |\
Osmolality
What contributes to the change in osmolality?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Sodium and sodium controlled by hormone aldosterone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How does fluid move in osmosis?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
From areas of low osmolality to areas of high osmolality
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Tonicity
A relative measure of osmolality in IV fluid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are the different IV fluids?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Hypotonic intravenous fluid, hypertonic intravenous fluid, isotonic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
intravenous fluid
|\ |\
, Hypotonic intravenous fluid |\ |\
Water moves from plasma to interstitial space and is used to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
treat patients with conditions causing intracellular dehydration
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Hypertonic intravenous fluid |\ |\
Water moves from intracellular to extracellular space, causing
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cell dehydration and increasing fluid in the extracellular space
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Isotonic intravenous fluid |\ |\
No fluid shift, used for IV hydration - also useful in electrolyte
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
replacement (NS and LR) |\ |\ |\
Edema
Excessive amount of fluid in the interstitial compartment that can
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cause swelling or enlargement of tissue, may impair tissue
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
perfusion, may trap drugs in ISF and it can be localized or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
throughout the body |\ |\
What are the primary causes of edema?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
answers
Why is water a major component of the body?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
It is essential to homeostasis, a place for metabolic reactions,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transportation system for the body, and it facilitating movements |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of body parts
|\ |\ |\
What are the different fluid compartments?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Intracellular compartment (ICF) and extracellular compartment
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(ECF)
Intracellular compartment |\
Fluid inside the cells
|\ |\ |\
Extracellular compartment (ECF) |\ |\
Fluid outside cells |\ |\
What does the extracellular compartment consist of?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Intravascular fluid (IVF), interstitial fluid (ISF), and cerebrospinal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
fluid (CSF)
|\
How does the body balance water and electrolytes?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Through thirst, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and T-type natriuretic peptide)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How do antidiuretic hormones regulate water and electrolyte
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
balance?
Through reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How does aldosterone regulate water and electrolyte balance?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Through reabsorption of sodium and water
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How does fluid circulate throughout the body?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Via filtration and osmosis
|\ |\ |\
How does water move between compartments?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Via hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Osmolality
Concentration of osmotic solution, a lab value (measurable)|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Changes in what measurement can cause water to move to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
different compartments? |\
Osmolality
What contributes to the change in osmolality?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Sodium and sodium controlled by hormone aldosterone
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How does fluid move in osmosis?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
From areas of low osmolality to areas of high osmolality
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Tonicity
A relative measure of osmolality in IV fluid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are the different IV fluids?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Hypotonic intravenous fluid, hypertonic intravenous fluid, isotonic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
intravenous fluid
|\ |\
, Hypotonic intravenous fluid |\ |\
Water moves from plasma to interstitial space and is used to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
treat patients with conditions causing intracellular dehydration
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Hypertonic intravenous fluid |\ |\
Water moves from intracellular to extracellular space, causing
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cell dehydration and increasing fluid in the extracellular space
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Isotonic intravenous fluid |\ |\
No fluid shift, used for IV hydration - also useful in electrolyte
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
replacement (NS and LR) |\ |\ |\
Edema
Excessive amount of fluid in the interstitial compartment that can
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cause swelling or enlargement of tissue, may impair tissue
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
perfusion, may trap drugs in ISF and it can be localized or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
throughout the body |\ |\
What are the primary causes of edema?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
