Health Assessment Across the Life Span
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026
ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
CORRECT SOLUTIONS WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. 5 Steps of Nursing Process - ANSWER ✓ 1. Assess
Diagnose
Plan
Implement
Evaluate
2. Nursing process --> - ANSWER ✓ nursing care plan
3. Assessment (Definition and Goal) - ANSWER ✓ -systematic, continuous
collection, validation, analysis, and communication of patient data
-goal is to establish a complete database for problem identification and care
planning
4. Assessment: Collecting Data - ANSWER ✓ -collect data (assess level of
health, inquire about risk factors, head-to-toe assessment, listen to patient's
comments and concerns, observe actions and reactions)
-identify patterns and test first impressions
-validate data
-organize and cluster data
-report and record data
-continuous update the database
5. Medical Model - ANSWER ✓ -primarily systems focused
-biomedical model
-regards disease as deviations from normal functioning
,6. Nursing Diagnosis - ANSWER ✓ -based on nursing knowledge and patient
history
-developed from nursing perspective and separate from MD treatment plan
-identifies patient's needs
-diagnosis --> nursing plan of care
-describe patient problems that nurses can treat independently
7. Nursing Diagnosis Tasks - ANSWER ✓ -interpret and analyze data
-identify patient strength and weaknesses
-formulate and validate nursing diagnoses
-develop prioritized list
-detect and refer signs and symptoms
8. Planning - ANSWER ✓ -nurse determine what outcomes are important to
resolve patient problems
-derived from nursing assessment and diagnosis
-measurable goals (can be short or long term)
-work with patient/family to prevent, reduce, or resolve problems
-mutually agreed upon
9. Planning Steps - ANSWER ✓ -establish priorities
-write measurable goals/outcomes with/for client
-determine related nursing interventions/actions that are most likely to be
beneficial
-choose nursing interventions
-set time frame
-develop evaluation strategy
10.Planning: Short-Term Goals - ANSWER ✓ -outcomes directed towards
immediate problems
-developed from the problem portion of diagnostic statement
-realistic
-example: patient will ambulate the length of the hallway 3x day with
minimal assistance
11.Planning: Long-Term Goals - ANSWER ✓ -accompanied by target date
-outcomes may take weeks or months to accomplish
, -example: the patient will attend exercise and nutrition program to decrease
their weight by 20lbs over the course of the next year
12.Implementation - ANSWER ✓ -carry out nursing actions that will allow
patient to achieve a desired goal
-based on nursing diagnosis and plan
-plan of care is carried out (communicate within the team and with the
patient/family as well as delegate responsibilities as appropriate)
-continue data collection and validation in this stage (modify plan of care as
necessary and document care)
13.Evaluation - ANSWER ✓ -nurse and patient measure how well the patient
has achieved the outcomes specified in the plan of care
-documentation
-critical thinking (continued assessment, evaluation)
-measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes
-refer back to the nursing care plan
-identify factors contributing to success or failure
-modify plan of care if needed
14.Health Promotion - ANSWER ✓ -the process of enabling people to increase
control over, and to improve, their health
-moves beyond a focus of individual behavior towards a wide range of social
and environmental interventions
-any endeavor directed at enhancing the quality of health and well-being of
individuals, families, groups, communities and/or nations through strategies
involving supportive environments, coordination of resources, and respect
for personal choice and values
15.Piaget's stage in middle childhood - ANSWER ✓ -pre-operational (2 to 7
years old)
-concrete operational (7 to 11 years old)
Ppreoperational - ANSWER ✓ -2 to 7 years old
-transition from primitive to more sophisticated use of symbols
-intuitive thinking in middle childhood (4-7 years)
-thinking is more logical but is structured by perception as opposed to logic
16.Intuitive thinking (preoperational) - ANSWER ✓ -4 to 7 years
, -centration
-transductive reasoning
-imminent justice = belief that things happen as a punishment for things you
have done
-artificialism = everything in world is created by a power ("someone painted
the sky blue")
-conservation
17.concrete operational - ANSWER ✓ -ages 7 to 11
-beginning of logical thoughts or operations
-operation is a mental action that allows child to do mentally what he/she did
physically before
-apply logical reasoning only in concrete circumstances
-egocentrism disappears
-inability to think abstractly/hypothetically
-classifications = alike vs. different, sets and subsets, interrelations
-seriation = ordering objects along one or two dimensions
18.Erikson's psychosocial stage for middle childhood - ANSWER ✓ -industry
vs. inferiority (5-12 years)
19.Industry vs. inferiority - ANSWER ✓ -industry = encouraged and reinforced
for initiative, begin to feel industrious and confident in ability
-inferiority = if initiative is discouraged then child begins to feel inferior,
doubting own abilities and not reaching potention
-teacher begins to take important role, peer group gains greater influence and
contributor to self-esteem
-balance between competence and modesty is necessary
20.What are the six steps in the nursing process? - ANSWER ✓ Assessment, dx
(nursing), outcomes identification, planning, implementation, evaluation
21.What are primary data sources? - ANSWER ✓ Pt interview, direct
observation, labs, other test results
22.What are secondary data sources? - ANSWER ✓ Family members, other
members of the healthcare team, pharmacists, EPA program records, EMTs,
law enforcement agents, supervisors, medical record reviews, caregivers
FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026
ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
CORRECT SOLUTIONS WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. 5 Steps of Nursing Process - ANSWER ✓ 1. Assess
Diagnose
Plan
Implement
Evaluate
2. Nursing process --> - ANSWER ✓ nursing care plan
3. Assessment (Definition and Goal) - ANSWER ✓ -systematic, continuous
collection, validation, analysis, and communication of patient data
-goal is to establish a complete database for problem identification and care
planning
4. Assessment: Collecting Data - ANSWER ✓ -collect data (assess level of
health, inquire about risk factors, head-to-toe assessment, listen to patient's
comments and concerns, observe actions and reactions)
-identify patterns and test first impressions
-validate data
-organize and cluster data
-report and record data
-continuous update the database
5. Medical Model - ANSWER ✓ -primarily systems focused
-biomedical model
-regards disease as deviations from normal functioning
,6. Nursing Diagnosis - ANSWER ✓ -based on nursing knowledge and patient
history
-developed from nursing perspective and separate from MD treatment plan
-identifies patient's needs
-diagnosis --> nursing plan of care
-describe patient problems that nurses can treat independently
7. Nursing Diagnosis Tasks - ANSWER ✓ -interpret and analyze data
-identify patient strength and weaknesses
-formulate and validate nursing diagnoses
-develop prioritized list
-detect and refer signs and symptoms
8. Planning - ANSWER ✓ -nurse determine what outcomes are important to
resolve patient problems
-derived from nursing assessment and diagnosis
-measurable goals (can be short or long term)
-work with patient/family to prevent, reduce, or resolve problems
-mutually agreed upon
9. Planning Steps - ANSWER ✓ -establish priorities
-write measurable goals/outcomes with/for client
-determine related nursing interventions/actions that are most likely to be
beneficial
-choose nursing interventions
-set time frame
-develop evaluation strategy
10.Planning: Short-Term Goals - ANSWER ✓ -outcomes directed towards
immediate problems
-developed from the problem portion of diagnostic statement
-realistic
-example: patient will ambulate the length of the hallway 3x day with
minimal assistance
11.Planning: Long-Term Goals - ANSWER ✓ -accompanied by target date
-outcomes may take weeks or months to accomplish
, -example: the patient will attend exercise and nutrition program to decrease
their weight by 20lbs over the course of the next year
12.Implementation - ANSWER ✓ -carry out nursing actions that will allow
patient to achieve a desired goal
-based on nursing diagnosis and plan
-plan of care is carried out (communicate within the team and with the
patient/family as well as delegate responsibilities as appropriate)
-continue data collection and validation in this stage (modify plan of care as
necessary and document care)
13.Evaluation - ANSWER ✓ -nurse and patient measure how well the patient
has achieved the outcomes specified in the plan of care
-documentation
-critical thinking (continued assessment, evaluation)
-measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes
-refer back to the nursing care plan
-identify factors contributing to success or failure
-modify plan of care if needed
14.Health Promotion - ANSWER ✓ -the process of enabling people to increase
control over, and to improve, their health
-moves beyond a focus of individual behavior towards a wide range of social
and environmental interventions
-any endeavor directed at enhancing the quality of health and well-being of
individuals, families, groups, communities and/or nations through strategies
involving supportive environments, coordination of resources, and respect
for personal choice and values
15.Piaget's stage in middle childhood - ANSWER ✓ -pre-operational (2 to 7
years old)
-concrete operational (7 to 11 years old)
Ppreoperational - ANSWER ✓ -2 to 7 years old
-transition from primitive to more sophisticated use of symbols
-intuitive thinking in middle childhood (4-7 years)
-thinking is more logical but is structured by perception as opposed to logic
16.Intuitive thinking (preoperational) - ANSWER ✓ -4 to 7 years
, -centration
-transductive reasoning
-imminent justice = belief that things happen as a punishment for things you
have done
-artificialism = everything in world is created by a power ("someone painted
the sky blue")
-conservation
17.concrete operational - ANSWER ✓ -ages 7 to 11
-beginning of logical thoughts or operations
-operation is a mental action that allows child to do mentally what he/she did
physically before
-apply logical reasoning only in concrete circumstances
-egocentrism disappears
-inability to think abstractly/hypothetically
-classifications = alike vs. different, sets and subsets, interrelations
-seriation = ordering objects along one or two dimensions
18.Erikson's psychosocial stage for middle childhood - ANSWER ✓ -industry
vs. inferiority (5-12 years)
19.Industry vs. inferiority - ANSWER ✓ -industry = encouraged and reinforced
for initiative, begin to feel industrious and confident in ability
-inferiority = if initiative is discouraged then child begins to feel inferior,
doubting own abilities and not reaching potention
-teacher begins to take important role, peer group gains greater influence and
contributor to self-esteem
-balance between competence and modesty is necessary
20.What are the six steps in the nursing process? - ANSWER ✓ Assessment, dx
(nursing), outcomes identification, planning, implementation, evaluation
21.What are primary data sources? - ANSWER ✓ Pt interview, direct
observation, labs, other test results
22.What are secondary data sources? - ANSWER ✓ Family members, other
members of the healthcare team, pharmacists, EPA program records, EMTs,
law enforcement agents, supervisors, medical record reviews, caregivers
