ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide for the Health
Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank
kinesiology - (answer)- the study of the mechanics of human movement
- specifically evaluates muscles, joints, and skeletal structures and their involvement in movement
- primarily based on three fields of science - biomechanics, musculoskeletal anatomy, and
neuromuscular physiology
- involves the study of gait, posture and body alignment, ergonomics, sports and exercise movements,
and activities of daily living and work
anatomical position - (answer)- the universally accepted reference position used to describe regions and
spatial relationships of the human body and to refer to body positions
- the body is erect with feet together and the upper limbs positioned at the sides, palms of the hands
facing forward, thumbs facing away from the body, and fingers extended
planes of motion - (answer)the planes of movement in which the human body moves, which includes
the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes
sagittal plane - (answer)divides the body or structure into the right and left portions
frontal (coronal) plane - (answer)divides the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
transverse (Cross-sectional, axial, or horizontal) plane - (answer)divides the body or structure into
superior and inferior portions
center of gravity - (answer)- a theoretical point where the weight force of the object can be considered
to act
,ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide for the Health
Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank
- changes with movement and depends on body position
- when in anatomical position, is approximately at the second sacral segment
- the kinematics (variation in height and horizontal distance) relative to the base of support is often
studied to examine balance exhibited by the performer
line of gravity - (answer)- an imaginary vertical line passing through the center of gravity and is typically
assessed while the subject is standing
- helps define proper body alignment and posture, using various superficial landmarks from the head,
upper extremity, trunk, and lower extremity regions as guides
- in sagittal vie, should be slightly posterior to the apex of the coronal suture, through the mastoid
process, through the midcervical vertebral bodies, through the shoulder joint, through the midlumbar
vertebral bodies, slightly posterior to the axis of the hip joint, slightly anterior to the axis of the knee
joint, and slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus
- from the frontal view, should pass through the midline of the body, and bilateral structures such as the
mastoids, shoulders, iliac crests, knees, and ankles should be in the same frontal plane
anterior - (answer)the front of the body; ventral
posterior - (answer)the back of the body; dorsal
superficial - (answer)located close to or on the body surface
deep - (answer)below the surface
, ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide for the Health
Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank
proximal - (answer)closer to any reference point
distal - (answer)farther from any reference point
superior - (answer)toward teh head; higher (cephalic)
inferior - (answer)away from the head; lower (caudal)
medial - (answer)toward teh midline of teh body
lateral - (answer)away from the midline of the body; to the side
ipsilateral - (answer)on the same side
contralateral - (answer)on the opposite side
unilateral - (answer)one side
bilateral - (answer)both sides
prone - (answer)lying face down
supine - (answer)lying face up
valgus - (answer)distal segment of a joint deviates laterally
varus - (answer)distal segment of a joint deviates medially
Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank
kinesiology - (answer)- the study of the mechanics of human movement
- specifically evaluates muscles, joints, and skeletal structures and their involvement in movement
- primarily based on three fields of science - biomechanics, musculoskeletal anatomy, and
neuromuscular physiology
- involves the study of gait, posture and body alignment, ergonomics, sports and exercise movements,
and activities of daily living and work
anatomical position - (answer)- the universally accepted reference position used to describe regions and
spatial relationships of the human body and to refer to body positions
- the body is erect with feet together and the upper limbs positioned at the sides, palms of the hands
facing forward, thumbs facing away from the body, and fingers extended
planes of motion - (answer)the planes of movement in which the human body moves, which includes
the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes
sagittal plane - (answer)divides the body or structure into the right and left portions
frontal (coronal) plane - (answer)divides the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
transverse (Cross-sectional, axial, or horizontal) plane - (answer)divides the body or structure into
superior and inferior portions
center of gravity - (answer)- a theoretical point where the weight force of the object can be considered
to act
,ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide for the Health
Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank
- changes with movement and depends on body position
- when in anatomical position, is approximately at the second sacral segment
- the kinematics (variation in height and horizontal distance) relative to the base of support is often
studied to examine balance exhibited by the performer
line of gravity - (answer)- an imaginary vertical line passing through the center of gravity and is typically
assessed while the subject is standing
- helps define proper body alignment and posture, using various superficial landmarks from the head,
upper extremity, trunk, and lower extremity regions as guides
- in sagittal vie, should be slightly posterior to the apex of the coronal suture, through the mastoid
process, through the midcervical vertebral bodies, through the shoulder joint, through the midlumbar
vertebral bodies, slightly posterior to the axis of the hip joint, slightly anterior to the axis of the knee
joint, and slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus
- from the frontal view, should pass through the midline of the body, and bilateral structures such as the
mastoids, shoulders, iliac crests, knees, and ankles should be in the same frontal plane
anterior - (answer)the front of the body; ventral
posterior - (answer)the back of the body; dorsal
superficial - (answer)located close to or on the body surface
deep - (answer)below the surface
, ACSM's Resources for the Personal Trainer Physiologist A Practical Guide for the Health
Fitness Professional, 2nd Edition Test Bank
proximal - (answer)closer to any reference point
distal - (answer)farther from any reference point
superior - (answer)toward teh head; higher (cephalic)
inferior - (answer)away from the head; lower (caudal)
medial - (answer)toward teh midline of teh body
lateral - (answer)away from the midline of the body; to the side
ipsilateral - (answer)on the same side
contralateral - (answer)on the opposite side
unilateral - (answer)one side
bilateral - (answer)both sides
prone - (answer)lying face down
supine - (answer)lying face up
valgus - (answer)distal segment of a joint deviates laterally
varus - (answer)distal segment of a joint deviates medially
