Maryville 612 Exam 3 Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers (Verified
Answers) |Brand New Version!!
What HPI questions would you ask a patient who presents with a rash? - Answer-
Onset?
Location?
Duration?
Characteristics?
Aggravating factors?
Relieving factors?
Temporal Factors?
Severity?
In barrel chest, the anterior-posterior diameter ratio to lateral diameter = - Answer- 1
Platypnea
Bradypnea
Tachypnea
Orthopnea - Answer- Platypnea- SOB that is worst when the patient sits up
Bradypnea- RR<12
Tachypnea- RR>20
Orthopnea- difficulty breathing while lying flat
Pectus Excavatum - Answer- is a congenital disorder which causes the chest to have a
sunken or "caved in" appearance. It is the most common congenital chest wall
abnormality in children.
Pectus Caranatum - Answer- Pidgeon chest- structural variation
Wheezing - Answer- Musical squeaking noise heard on auscultation.
Rhochi - Answer- May clear with cough.
How do you assess lymph nodes? - Answer- With first three finger pads.
What is a normal finding with the supraclavicular lymph nodes? - Answer- Not
paplapable
,What are objective findings on skin exam? abnormal and normal findings during
inspection? - Answer- Inspection: note color (abnormal jaundice); look for skin
thickness, rashes, ecchymosis, moles; Normal: freckles, moles, cherry angiomas, birth
marks striae; Abnormal: rashes, ezxema, psorriasis, herpes zoster, tinea
What are objective findings during chest/lung examination during inspection? Abnormal
and normal? - Answer- Inspection
• Normal:
• Chest symmetrical
• Even rise and fall, RR 12-20, Bony prominences not protruding, no visible masses;
Abnormal: Abnormal:
• Barrel chest
• Flail chest
• Retraction
• Accessory muscle use
• Tripod position
What are objective findings during chest/lung examination during palpation/percussion?
Abnormal/normal? - Answer- Palpation
• Normal:
• Equal thoracic expansion (thumbs at 10th rib)
• Tactile fremitus (99)
• Resonance with percussion
Diaphragmatic Excursion - the movement of the thoracic diaphragm that occurs with
inhalation and exhalation. Normal: 3-5 cm.
• Abnormal:
• Dullness to percussion - pleural effusion, pneumonia, atelectasis, pneumothorax,
asthma
• Dullness to tactile fremitus - pleural effusion
• Tracheal displacement - fibrosis, pleural effusion, adenopathy
• Thyroid enlargement -
• Hyperresonance with percussion - emphysema, pneumothorax, asthma
Diaphragmatic Excursion - the movement of the thoracic diaphragm that occurs with
inhalation and exhalation. Abnormal: less than 3 cm or greater than 5 cm.
What are subjective questions you would ask a patient with pneumonia? - Answer-
SOB, fever, chills, productive cough, audible by ear adventitious sounds
Petechiae - Answer- Non-blanching, less than 0.5 cm discolorations
Where are the epitrochlear nodes? - Answer- Located by the elbow
Nevi - Answer- More common in white people and less in african americans
,ABCDE skin cancer risk assessment - Answer- Asymmetry-one-half of a mole or
birthmark does not match the other.
Borders-edges are irregular, ragged, notched, or blurred.
Color-color is not the same all over
Diameter- is >6mm or is growing larger
Evolution- changes in existing pigmented lesions, particularly in nonuniform, asymmetric
manner.
Causes for dullness on percussion - Answer- Pneumonia, pleural effusions
If a patient has acute lymphangitis where is the site of infection in relation to the affected
lymph node? - Answer- Proximal
Why are lesions transilluminated? - Answer- Do differentiate fluids filled lesions from
solid cysts or masses.
Basal cell carcinoma - Answer- Most common form of cutaneous neoplasm.
Vitiligo - Answer- White areas on the skin. More common in darker skin.
Palatine tonsils - Answer- Can cause obstruction when enlarged and sleep apnea.
Macule - Answer- Flat, non-palpable lesion less than 1 cm
Increased tactile fremitus suggests? - Answer- If increases may have fluid in lungs.
Egophany - Answer- Intensified sound with nasal quality and e's sound like a's.
How do you distinguish a pleural friction rub from a pericardial friction rub? - Answer-
Have patient hold breath.
******What is the difference between objective and subjective data? What components
of the health history are objective and subjective? ** - Answer- Seidel pg 618: objective:
"direct observation, what you see, hear, and touch". This includes vital signs and actual
assessment. Subjective: "information patients offer about their condition or feelings."
This includes chief complaint, past medical history, history or present illness, family
history, and review of symptoms.
Rinne Test***** - Answer- helps distinguish whether patient hears better by air or bone
conduction. Place the tuning fork at base of vibrating tuning fork against the patient's
mastoid bone and ask patient to tell you when the sound is no longer heard. Time this
interval of bone conduction noting number of seconds. Continue timing the interval of
sound due to by air conduction heard by the patient. Compare # of seconds air vs.
bone. Air conducted should be heard twice as long as bone conducted sounds. (If bone
conducted heard for 15 seconds, air conducted should be heard for additional 15
seconds).
, Snellen Test***** - Answer- The optic nerve is assessed by testing for visual acuity and
peripheral vision.
Visual acuity is tested using a snellen chart, for those who are illiterate and unfamiliar
with the western alphabet, the illiterate E chart, in which the letter E faces in different
directions, maybe used. The chart has a standardized number at the end of each line of
letters; these numbers indicates the degree of visual acuity when measured at a
distance of 20 feet.
The numerator 20 is the distance in feet between the chart and the client, or the
standard testing distance. The denominator 20 is the distance from which the normal
eye can read the lettering, which correspond to the number at the end of each letter
line; therefore the larger the denominator the poorer the version.
Measurement of 20/20 vision is an indication of either refractive error or some other
optic disorder.
In testing for visual acuity you may refer to the following:
1. The room used for this test should be well lighted.
2. A person who wears corrective lenses should be tested with and without them to
check fro the adequacy of correction.
3. Only one eye should be tested at a time; the other eye should be covered by an
opaque card or eye cover, not with client's finger.
4. Make the client read the chart by pointing at a letter randomly at each line; maybe
started from largest to smallest or vice versa.
5. A person who can read the largest letter on the chart (20/200) should be checked if
they can perceive hand movement about 12 inches from their eyes, or if they can
perceive the light of the penlight directed to their yes.
Confrontation Test**** - Answer- Examine visual fields by confrontation by wiggling
fingers 1 foot from pt's ears, asking which they see move.
• Keep examiner's head level with patient's head. Test of peripheral vision.
Accommodation******* - Answer- The accommodation reflex of the eye is a response
that automatically occurs when you switch focus from an object that's far away to one
that's closer. This response enables you to switch between objects and still maintain
focus (meaning neither object appears blurry when you're looking at it).
They should dilate with far gaze and constrict with near gaze. Accommodation
(response to looking at something moving toward the eye). Accommodation is impaired
in lesions of the ipsilateral optic nerve, the ipsilateral parasympathetics traveling in CN
III, or the pupillary constrictor muscle, or in bilateral lesions of the pathways from the
optic tracts to the visual cortex. Accommodation is spared in lesions of the pretectal
area.
2025/2026 Complete Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers (Verified
Answers) |Brand New Version!!
What HPI questions would you ask a patient who presents with a rash? - Answer-
Onset?
Location?
Duration?
Characteristics?
Aggravating factors?
Relieving factors?
Temporal Factors?
Severity?
In barrel chest, the anterior-posterior diameter ratio to lateral diameter = - Answer- 1
Platypnea
Bradypnea
Tachypnea
Orthopnea - Answer- Platypnea- SOB that is worst when the patient sits up
Bradypnea- RR<12
Tachypnea- RR>20
Orthopnea- difficulty breathing while lying flat
Pectus Excavatum - Answer- is a congenital disorder which causes the chest to have a
sunken or "caved in" appearance. It is the most common congenital chest wall
abnormality in children.
Pectus Caranatum - Answer- Pidgeon chest- structural variation
Wheezing - Answer- Musical squeaking noise heard on auscultation.
Rhochi - Answer- May clear with cough.
How do you assess lymph nodes? - Answer- With first three finger pads.
What is a normal finding with the supraclavicular lymph nodes? - Answer- Not
paplapable
,What are objective findings on skin exam? abnormal and normal findings during
inspection? - Answer- Inspection: note color (abnormal jaundice); look for skin
thickness, rashes, ecchymosis, moles; Normal: freckles, moles, cherry angiomas, birth
marks striae; Abnormal: rashes, ezxema, psorriasis, herpes zoster, tinea
What are objective findings during chest/lung examination during inspection? Abnormal
and normal? - Answer- Inspection
• Normal:
• Chest symmetrical
• Even rise and fall, RR 12-20, Bony prominences not protruding, no visible masses;
Abnormal: Abnormal:
• Barrel chest
• Flail chest
• Retraction
• Accessory muscle use
• Tripod position
What are objective findings during chest/lung examination during palpation/percussion?
Abnormal/normal? - Answer- Palpation
• Normal:
• Equal thoracic expansion (thumbs at 10th rib)
• Tactile fremitus (99)
• Resonance with percussion
Diaphragmatic Excursion - the movement of the thoracic diaphragm that occurs with
inhalation and exhalation. Normal: 3-5 cm.
• Abnormal:
• Dullness to percussion - pleural effusion, pneumonia, atelectasis, pneumothorax,
asthma
• Dullness to tactile fremitus - pleural effusion
• Tracheal displacement - fibrosis, pleural effusion, adenopathy
• Thyroid enlargement -
• Hyperresonance with percussion - emphysema, pneumothorax, asthma
Diaphragmatic Excursion - the movement of the thoracic diaphragm that occurs with
inhalation and exhalation. Abnormal: less than 3 cm or greater than 5 cm.
What are subjective questions you would ask a patient with pneumonia? - Answer-
SOB, fever, chills, productive cough, audible by ear adventitious sounds
Petechiae - Answer- Non-blanching, less than 0.5 cm discolorations
Where are the epitrochlear nodes? - Answer- Located by the elbow
Nevi - Answer- More common in white people and less in african americans
,ABCDE skin cancer risk assessment - Answer- Asymmetry-one-half of a mole or
birthmark does not match the other.
Borders-edges are irregular, ragged, notched, or blurred.
Color-color is not the same all over
Diameter- is >6mm or is growing larger
Evolution- changes in existing pigmented lesions, particularly in nonuniform, asymmetric
manner.
Causes for dullness on percussion - Answer- Pneumonia, pleural effusions
If a patient has acute lymphangitis where is the site of infection in relation to the affected
lymph node? - Answer- Proximal
Why are lesions transilluminated? - Answer- Do differentiate fluids filled lesions from
solid cysts or masses.
Basal cell carcinoma - Answer- Most common form of cutaneous neoplasm.
Vitiligo - Answer- White areas on the skin. More common in darker skin.
Palatine tonsils - Answer- Can cause obstruction when enlarged and sleep apnea.
Macule - Answer- Flat, non-palpable lesion less than 1 cm
Increased tactile fremitus suggests? - Answer- If increases may have fluid in lungs.
Egophany - Answer- Intensified sound with nasal quality and e's sound like a's.
How do you distinguish a pleural friction rub from a pericardial friction rub? - Answer-
Have patient hold breath.
******What is the difference between objective and subjective data? What components
of the health history are objective and subjective? ** - Answer- Seidel pg 618: objective:
"direct observation, what you see, hear, and touch". This includes vital signs and actual
assessment. Subjective: "information patients offer about their condition or feelings."
This includes chief complaint, past medical history, history or present illness, family
history, and review of symptoms.
Rinne Test***** - Answer- helps distinguish whether patient hears better by air or bone
conduction. Place the tuning fork at base of vibrating tuning fork against the patient's
mastoid bone and ask patient to tell you when the sound is no longer heard. Time this
interval of bone conduction noting number of seconds. Continue timing the interval of
sound due to by air conduction heard by the patient. Compare # of seconds air vs.
bone. Air conducted should be heard twice as long as bone conducted sounds. (If bone
conducted heard for 15 seconds, air conducted should be heard for additional 15
seconds).
, Snellen Test***** - Answer- The optic nerve is assessed by testing for visual acuity and
peripheral vision.
Visual acuity is tested using a snellen chart, for those who are illiterate and unfamiliar
with the western alphabet, the illiterate E chart, in which the letter E faces in different
directions, maybe used. The chart has a standardized number at the end of each line of
letters; these numbers indicates the degree of visual acuity when measured at a
distance of 20 feet.
The numerator 20 is the distance in feet between the chart and the client, or the
standard testing distance. The denominator 20 is the distance from which the normal
eye can read the lettering, which correspond to the number at the end of each letter
line; therefore the larger the denominator the poorer the version.
Measurement of 20/20 vision is an indication of either refractive error or some other
optic disorder.
In testing for visual acuity you may refer to the following:
1. The room used for this test should be well lighted.
2. A person who wears corrective lenses should be tested with and without them to
check fro the adequacy of correction.
3. Only one eye should be tested at a time; the other eye should be covered by an
opaque card or eye cover, not with client's finger.
4. Make the client read the chart by pointing at a letter randomly at each line; maybe
started from largest to smallest or vice versa.
5. A person who can read the largest letter on the chart (20/200) should be checked if
they can perceive hand movement about 12 inches from their eyes, or if they can
perceive the light of the penlight directed to their yes.
Confrontation Test**** - Answer- Examine visual fields by confrontation by wiggling
fingers 1 foot from pt's ears, asking which they see move.
• Keep examiner's head level with patient's head. Test of peripheral vision.
Accommodation******* - Answer- The accommodation reflex of the eye is a response
that automatically occurs when you switch focus from an object that's far away to one
that's closer. This response enables you to switch between objects and still maintain
focus (meaning neither object appears blurry when you're looking at it).
They should dilate with far gaze and constrict with near gaze. Accommodation
(response to looking at something moving toward the eye). Accommodation is impaired
in lesions of the ipsilateral optic nerve, the ipsilateral parasympathetics traveling in CN
III, or the pupillary constrictor muscle, or in bilateral lesions of the pathways from the
optic tracts to the visual cortex. Accommodation is spared in lesions of the pretectal
area.
