Culturally Sustaining and Inclusive Framework 1st
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,Test Bank
to Accompany
Introduction to
Group Counseling
A Culturally Sustaining and
Inclusive Framework
Sam Steen, PhD, LSC
Rachel Vannatta, PhD, NCC, LCPC
Kara Ieva, PhD, NCC, NCSC
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, CONTENTS
1. How are Groups Present in Our Lives? 4
2. The Group Experience for Counselor Trainees 6
3. Group Counseling Fundamentals Within a Multicultural Counseling Context 7
4. Ethical Practice and Cultural Competence 9
5. Group Planning and Logistical Considerations 10
6. Moving From Individual Developmental Counseling Theories to Advancing Multicultural Com-
petence and Social Justice 12
7. Culturally Sustained Group Counseling Skills 14
8. The Stages of Culturally Sustained Groups 16
9. Beyond Traditional Group Counseling: Moving Toward Healing, Catharsis, and Social Action
18
10. Research, Assessment, and Evaluation of Group Effectiveness 19
11. Current and Future Culturally Sustained Group Supervision Considerations 20
12. Applying Culturally Sustained Group Leadership and Future Directions 21
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, CHAPTER 1
How are Groups Present in Our Lives?
1. Although group effectiveness is difficult to define and is related to purpose and leadership of the
group, some general principles have been agreed upon. For example, group processes generally are
most effective when the group:
a. Has an authoritarian leader who maintains interpersonal rules and directions from the group.
*b. Develops new ways of functioning in response to emerging needs and patterns of interaction
among group leaders.
c. Identifies group members who inhibit movement toward the group’s goals.
d. Works on several group tasks simultaneously, thereby increasing group efficiency.
Rationale: The leadership style of an authoritarian leader who maintains interpersonal rules and di-
rections from the group can increase structure in a group but may not be the most effective for the
group process. Group processes can be most effective when the group develops new ways of func-
tioning in response to emerging needs and patterns of interaction among group leaders. While it may
be important in the course of a group to identify group members who inhibit movement toward the
group’s goals, this may not increase the effectiveness of the group. Though working on several group
tasks simultaneously can increase group efficiency, this does not necessarily increase group effective-
ness.
2. Which of the following in NOT an advantage of group counseling as compared to individual coun-
seling?
a. Learning about others
b. Effectiveness
c. Interpersonal influence
*d. Avoiding the exploration of Racism in group work
Rationale: The following are advantages of group counseling as compared to individual counseling
including learning about others, effectiveness, and interpersonal influence. It will be important for
group leaders to also be intentional about exploring the impact of racism on the group experience for
all group members as often as needed.
3. Which of the following are reasons to facilitate groups:
a. They are fun.
b. They are engaging.
c. They are healing.
*d. All of the above.
Rationale: The following are common benefits group leaders share for conducting groups beyond
simply fostering mental health; they are fun, engaging, and healing. Group leaders should explore
benefits and challenges of groups for clients and themselves.
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