Data Management - Foundations - D426 |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
WGU exam with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Data - correct answer✔✔Numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-
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world systems. It is collected and processed to aid in a variety of tasks.
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Analog Data - correct answer✔✔Most common before computers. Audio was recorded as
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vibrations impressed on vinyl disks. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Digital Data - correct answer✔✔Most common today. Encoded as 0s and 1s on electronic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
magnetic data. |||\\\
Database - correct answer✔✔A collection of data in structured format. In principle, can be
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
stored on paper or even clay tablets.
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Database System (DBMS) - correct answer✔✔Software that reads and writes in a database.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Query - correct answer✔✔A request to retrieve or change data in a database. Typically inserts
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
new data, retrieves data, updates, data, or deletes data from a database.
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Query Language - correct answer✔✔Specialized programming language designed specifically
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
for database systems. Reads and writes data efficiently.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database Application - correct answer✔✔Software that HELPS business users interact with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
database systems. |||\\\
Database Administrator - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,Responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. They enforce |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
procedures for user access and database system availability. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database Designer - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Determines the format of each data element AND the overall database STRUCTURE. Must |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
balance priorities like including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
data.
Database Programmer - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Develop programs that utilize a database and write applications that combine query languages
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and general purpose programming language.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database User - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A consumer of data in a database. They request, update, or use stored data to generate reports
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
or information.
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Transaction - correct answer✔✔A group of queries that MUST be completed or rejected as a |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
whole.
Architecture - correct answer✔✔Describes the internal components AND the relationships |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
between components. |||\\\
Query Processor - correct answer✔✔Interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
or retrieve the data, and returns query results to the application. Performs query optimization.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, Query Optimization - correct answer✔✔Ensures efficient instructions are executed on the data
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
from the Query Processor.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Storage Manager - correct answer✔✔Translates the query processor instructions into low-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
level file-system commands that modify OR retrieve data. Uses indexes to quickly locate data.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Transaction Manager - correct answer✔✔Ensures transactions are properly executed. Prevents |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
conflicts between concurrent transactions. Also restores the database to a consistent state in
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the event of a failure.
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Log - correct answer✔✔A file containing a complete record of ALL inserts, updates, and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
deletes processed by the database. The records can be used to restore a database.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Catalog/Data Dictionary/Repository - correct answer✔✔A directory of tables, columns, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
indexes, and other database objects. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Relational Database - correct answer✔✔Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, SIMILAR to a |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
spreadsheet. It also supports SQL. Made up of relations.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
NoSQL - correct answer✔✔A new generation of DBMS that is NOT based on the traditional
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
relational database model. |||\\\ |||\\\
CRUD - correct answer✔✔Acronym for actions that can be performed by a query.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
SQL Statement - correct answer✔✔A database command such as a query that inserts,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
retrieves, updates, or deletes data. Composed of one or more clauses. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
INSERT - correct answer✔✔Inserts rows into a table. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
WGU exam with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Data - correct answer✔✔Numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
world systems. It is collected and processed to aid in a variety of tasks.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Analog Data - correct answer✔✔Most common before computers. Audio was recorded as
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
vibrations impressed on vinyl disks. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Digital Data - correct answer✔✔Most common today. Encoded as 0s and 1s on electronic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
magnetic data. |||\\\
Database - correct answer✔✔A collection of data in structured format. In principle, can be
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
stored on paper or even clay tablets.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database System (DBMS) - correct answer✔✔Software that reads and writes in a database.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Query - correct answer✔✔A request to retrieve or change data in a database. Typically inserts
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
new data, retrieves data, updates, data, or deletes data from a database.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Query Language - correct answer✔✔Specialized programming language designed specifically
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
for database systems. Reads and writes data efficiently.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database Application - correct answer✔✔Software that HELPS business users interact with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
database systems. |||\\\
Database Administrator - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,Responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. They enforce |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
procedures for user access and database system availability. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database Designer - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Determines the format of each data element AND the overall database STRUCTURE. Must |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
balance priorities like including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
data.
Database Programmer - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Develop programs that utilize a database and write applications that combine query languages
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
and general purpose programming language.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Database User - correct answer✔✔What role am I? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A consumer of data in a database. They request, update, or use stored data to generate reports
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
or information.
|||\\\ |||\\\
Transaction - correct answer✔✔A group of queries that MUST be completed or rejected as a |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
whole.
Architecture - correct answer✔✔Describes the internal components AND the relationships |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
between components. |||\\\
Query Processor - correct answer✔✔Interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
or retrieve the data, and returns query results to the application. Performs query optimization.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, Query Optimization - correct answer✔✔Ensures efficient instructions are executed on the data
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
from the Query Processor.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Storage Manager - correct answer✔✔Translates the query processor instructions into low-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
level file-system commands that modify OR retrieve data. Uses indexes to quickly locate data.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Transaction Manager - correct answer✔✔Ensures transactions are properly executed. Prevents |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
conflicts between concurrent transactions. Also restores the database to a consistent state in
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
the event of a failure.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Log - correct answer✔✔A file containing a complete record of ALL inserts, updates, and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
deletes processed by the database. The records can be used to restore a database.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Catalog/Data Dictionary/Repository - correct answer✔✔A directory of tables, columns, |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
indexes, and other database objects. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Relational Database - correct answer✔✔Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, SIMILAR to a |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
spreadsheet. It also supports SQL. Made up of relations.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
NoSQL - correct answer✔✔A new generation of DBMS that is NOT based on the traditional
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
relational database model. |||\\\ |||\\\
CRUD - correct answer✔✔Acronym for actions that can be performed by a query.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
SQL Statement - correct answer✔✔A database command such as a query that inserts,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
retrieves, updates, or deletes data. Composed of one or more clauses. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
INSERT - correct answer✔✔Inserts rows into a table. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
