NU 673 MIDTERM EXAM PSYCHIATRIC
MENTAL HEALTHCARE QUESTONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026 LATEST
UPDATE
This mediate voluntary movement and integrate skilled, complicated, or delicate
movements by stim- ulating selected muscular actions and inhibiting others.
They also carry impulses that inhibit muscle tone, the slight tension maintained
by normal muscle even when it is relaxed. (Bickley)
A. Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract
B. Basal Ganglia
C. Cerebellar system --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Corticospinal (pyramidal)
tract
- The corticospinal (pyramidal) tract. The corticospinal tracts mediate voluntary
movement and integrate skilled, complicated, or delicate movements by
stimulating selected muscular actions and inhibiting others. They also carry
impulses that inhibit muscle tone, the slight tension maintained by normal
muscle even when it is relaxed. The corticospinal tracts originate in the motor
cortex of the brain (Fig. 17-6). Motor fibers travel down into the lower medulla,
where they form an anatomical structure resembling a pyramid.
- There, most of these fibers cross to the opposite or contralateral side of the
medulla, continue downward, and synapse with anterior horn cells or with
intermediate neurons. Tracts synapsing in the brainstem with motor nuclei of
the CNs are termed corticobulbar.
Page 1 of 63
,● The basal ganglia system. This exceedingly complex system includes motor
pathways between the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, brainstem, and spinal cord.
It helps to maintain muscle tone and to control body movements, especially
gross automatic movements such as walking.
● The cerebellar system. The cerebellum receives both sensory and motor input
and coordinates motor activity, maintains equilibrium, and helps to control
posture. (Bickley)
When upper motor neuron systems are damaged above their crossover in the
medulla, motor impairment develops on and becomes (STA)
A. Ipsilateral
B. Contralateral
C. Exaggerated reflex
D. Lack of reflex --CORRECT ANSWER--B. Contralateral & C. Exaggerated
reflex
- When upper motor neuron systems are damaged above their crossover in the
medulla, motor impairment develops on the opposite or contralateral side. In
damage below the crossover, motor impairment occurs on the same or
ipsilateral side of the body (Bickley)
- slowness or lack of spontaneous and automatic movements termed
bradykinesia and various involuntary movements. (Bickley)
This consists of aggregations of neuronal cell bodies. It rims the surfaces of the
cerebral hemispheres, forming the cerebral cortex
A. Gray matter
Page 2 of 63
,B. White matter --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Gray matter
- Deep in the brain lie additional clusters of gray matter (Fig. 17-2). These
include the basal ganglia, which affect movement, and the thalamus and the
hypothala- mus structures in the diencephalon. The thalamus processes sensory
impulses and relays them to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus maintains
homeostasis (Bickley)
- and regulates temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. The hypothalamus
affects the endocrine system and governs emotional behaviors such as anger and
sexual drive. Hormones secreted in the hypothalamus act directly on the
pituitary gland.
This consists of neuronal axons that are coated with myelin. The myelin
sheaths, which create the white color, allow nerve impulses to travel more
rapidly.
A. Gray matter
B. White matter --CORRECT ANSWER--B. White matter
- The internal capsule is a white-matter structure where myelinated fibers
converge from all parts of the cerebral cortex and descend into the brainstem.
The brainstem, which connects the upper part of the brain with the spinal cord,
has three sections: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. (Bickley)
Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres and
a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem
A. Reticular activating system
B. Cerebellum --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Reticular activating system
Page 3 of 63
, - Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres
and a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem, the reticular activating
(arousal) system.
- The cerebellum, which lies at the base of the brain, coordinates all movement
and helps maintain the body upright in space. (Bickley)
Determine how many segements of the ff
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Cervical C1-C8
B. Thoracic T1-T12
C. Lumbar L1-L5
D. Sacral S1-S5
This regulates muscle movements and response to the sensations of touch and
pain
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Somatic
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of both CNs and peripheral
nerves that project to the heart, visceral organs, skin, and limbs. It controls the
somatic nervous system, which regulates muscle movements and response to
the sensations of touch and pain, and the autonomic nervous system that
connects to internal organs and generates autonomic reflex responses. The
Page 4 of 63
MENTAL HEALTHCARE QUESTONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026 LATEST
UPDATE
This mediate voluntary movement and integrate skilled, complicated, or delicate
movements by stim- ulating selected muscular actions and inhibiting others.
They also carry impulses that inhibit muscle tone, the slight tension maintained
by normal muscle even when it is relaxed. (Bickley)
A. Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract
B. Basal Ganglia
C. Cerebellar system --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Corticospinal (pyramidal)
tract
- The corticospinal (pyramidal) tract. The corticospinal tracts mediate voluntary
movement and integrate skilled, complicated, or delicate movements by
stimulating selected muscular actions and inhibiting others. They also carry
impulses that inhibit muscle tone, the slight tension maintained by normal
muscle even when it is relaxed. The corticospinal tracts originate in the motor
cortex of the brain (Fig. 17-6). Motor fibers travel down into the lower medulla,
where they form an anatomical structure resembling a pyramid.
- There, most of these fibers cross to the opposite or contralateral side of the
medulla, continue downward, and synapse with anterior horn cells or with
intermediate neurons. Tracts synapsing in the brainstem with motor nuclei of
the CNs are termed corticobulbar.
Page 1 of 63
,● The basal ganglia system. This exceedingly complex system includes motor
pathways between the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, brainstem, and spinal cord.
It helps to maintain muscle tone and to control body movements, especially
gross automatic movements such as walking.
● The cerebellar system. The cerebellum receives both sensory and motor input
and coordinates motor activity, maintains equilibrium, and helps to control
posture. (Bickley)
When upper motor neuron systems are damaged above their crossover in the
medulla, motor impairment develops on and becomes (STA)
A. Ipsilateral
B. Contralateral
C. Exaggerated reflex
D. Lack of reflex --CORRECT ANSWER--B. Contralateral & C. Exaggerated
reflex
- When upper motor neuron systems are damaged above their crossover in the
medulla, motor impairment develops on the opposite or contralateral side. In
damage below the crossover, motor impairment occurs on the same or
ipsilateral side of the body (Bickley)
- slowness or lack of spontaneous and automatic movements termed
bradykinesia and various involuntary movements. (Bickley)
This consists of aggregations of neuronal cell bodies. It rims the surfaces of the
cerebral hemispheres, forming the cerebral cortex
A. Gray matter
Page 2 of 63
,B. White matter --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Gray matter
- Deep in the brain lie additional clusters of gray matter (Fig. 17-2). These
include the basal ganglia, which affect movement, and the thalamus and the
hypothala- mus structures in the diencephalon. The thalamus processes sensory
impulses and relays them to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus maintains
homeostasis (Bickley)
- and regulates temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. The hypothalamus
affects the endocrine system and governs emotional behaviors such as anger and
sexual drive. Hormones secreted in the hypothalamus act directly on the
pituitary gland.
This consists of neuronal axons that are coated with myelin. The myelin
sheaths, which create the white color, allow nerve impulses to travel more
rapidly.
A. Gray matter
B. White matter --CORRECT ANSWER--B. White matter
- The internal capsule is a white-matter structure where myelinated fibers
converge from all parts of the cerebral cortex and descend into the brainstem.
The brainstem, which connects the upper part of the brain with the spinal cord,
has three sections: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. (Bickley)
Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres and
a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem
A. Reticular activating system
B. Cerebellum --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Reticular activating system
Page 3 of 63
, - Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres
and a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem, the reticular activating
(arousal) system.
- The cerebellum, which lies at the base of the brain, coordinates all movement
and helps maintain the body upright in space. (Bickley)
Determine how many segements of the ff
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Cervical C1-C8
B. Thoracic T1-T12
C. Lumbar L1-L5
D. Sacral S1-S5
This regulates muscle movements and response to the sensations of touch and
pain
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic --CORRECT ANSWER--A. Somatic
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of both CNs and peripheral
nerves that project to the heart, visceral organs, skin, and limbs. It controls the
somatic nervous system, which regulates muscle movements and response to
the sensations of touch and pain, and the autonomic nervous system that
connects to internal organs and generates autonomic reflex responses. The
Page 4 of 63
