Jake's Exam ,MCA II- HESI Practice Test & Health Assessment C0MBINATION
EXAMINATION 2025 – 2026 WITH QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+
Jake's Exam
What are the risk factors for type 1 diabetes? Select all that apply:
A. early onset
B. genetic predisposition
C. possible immunologic or environmental (viral or toxins) factors
D. eating high carbohydrate meals
Ans:
A.
B.
C.
What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply:
A. obesity and age
B. previous identified impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance
C. hypertension ≥140/90 mm Hg, HDL ≤35 mg/dL, or triglycerides ≥250 mg/dL
D. history of gestational diabetes or babies over 9 pounds
Ans:
A.
B.
C.
D.
The client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes asks how diabetes type 1 and
diabetes type 2 are different. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Diabetes type 1 develops in people younger than 40 years and diabetes
type 2 develops only in older people."
B. "Diabetes type 2 develops in people younger than 40 years and diabetes
type 1 develops only in older people."
C. "Patients with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk for obesity and heart
disease, whereas patients with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for strokes."
D. "Patients with type 1 diabetes produce no insulin and patients with type 2
diabetes produce insulin but their insulin receptors are not very sensitive to
it."
Ans: D
The client newly diagnosed with diabetes asks why he is always so thirsty.
What is the nurse's best response?
A. "The extra glucose in the blood increases the blood sodium level, which
,increases your sense of thirst."
B. "Without insulin, glucose is excreted rather than used in the cells. The loss
of glucose directly triggers thirst, especially for sugared drinks."
C. "The extra glucose in the blood makes the blood thicker, which then
triggers thirst so that the water you drink will dilute the blood glucose level."
D. "Without insulin, glucose combines with blood cholesterol, which damages
the kidneys, making you feel thirsty even when no water has been lost."
Ans: C
The client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks why insulin is given only
by injection and not as an oral drug. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Injected insulin works faster than oral drugs to lower blood glucose
levels."
B. "Oral insulin is so weak that it would require very high dosages to be
effective."
C. "Insulin is a small protein that is destroyed by stomach acids and intestinal
enzymes."
D. "Insulin is a "high alert drug" and could more easily be abused if it were
available as an oral agent."
Ans:
C
Which explanation best assists the client in differentiating type 1 diabetes
from type 2 diabetes?
A. Most clients with type 1 diabetes are born with it.
B. People with type 1 diabetes are often obese.
C. Those with type 2 diabetes make insulin, but in inadequate amounts.
D. People with type 2 diabetes do not develop typical diabetic complications.
Ans:
C
The client with type 1 diabetes mellitus received regular insulin at 7 AM. The
client should be monitored for hypoglycemia at which time?A. 7:30 AM
B. 11 AM
C. 2 PM
D. 7:30 PM
Ans:
B
A 27-year-old female patient is admitted to the hospital for evaluation of right
lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Which action
should the nurse take?
a. Encourage the patient to sip clear liquids.
b. Give pain medications to provide relief.
c. Assist the patient to cough and deep breathe.
d. Apply an ice pack to the right lower quadrant.
Ans:
D
,A patient being admitted with an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis
reports crampy abdominal pain and passing 15 or more bloody stools a day.
The nurse will plan to:
a. administer IV metoclopramide (Reglan).
b. discontinue the patient's oral food intake.
c. administer cobalamin (vitamin B12) injections.
d. teach the patient about total colectomy surgery.
Ans:
B
The nurse will plan to teach a patient with Crohn's disease who has
megaloblastic pernicious anemia about the need for
a. oral ferrous sulfate tablets.
b. regular blood transfusions.
c. iron dextran (Imferon) infusions.
d. cobalamin (B12) spray or injections.
ANS:
D
A 51-year-old woman with Crohn's disease who is taking infliximab (Remicade)
calls the nurse in the outpatient clinic about new symptoms. Which symptom
is most important to communicate to the health care provider?
a. Fever
b. Nausea
c. Joint pain
d. Headache
ANS:
A
Which is a complication in patients with ulcerative colitis?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Toxic megacolon
C. Pancreatitis
D. Barrett's esophagus
ANS:
B
How does the drug sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) work in the treatment of IBD?
A. Destroys bacteria
B. Suppresses inflammatory mediators
C. Slows gastric motility
D. Promotes electrolyte exchange across intestinal membrane
ANS:
B
Which is correct information about the treatment of Crohn's disease?A.
Surgery is the preferred treatment.
B. Aminosalicylates are frequently used first.
, C. Corticosteroids are given for long-term therapy.
D. High-fiber foods are encouraged to add bulk to diarrheal stool.
ANS:
B
In planning care for the patient with Crohn's disease, you recognize that a
major difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is that Crohn's
disease
A. frequently results in toxic megacolon.
B. causes fewer nutritional deficiencies than does ulcerative colitis
C. often recurs after surgery, whereas ulcerative colitis is curable with a
colectomy.
D. is manifested by rectal bleeding and anemia more frequently than is
ulcerative colitis.
ANS:
C
What is the main treatment for a patient with acute diverticulitis?
A. Colon resection and ostomy
B. Nasogastric tube and intravenous (IV) fluids
C. Long-term course of oral corticosteroids
D. Mechanical soft diet
ANS:
B
Which information about dietary management should the nurse include when
teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
a. "You will need to remain on a bland diet."
b. "Avoid foods that cause pain after you eat them."
c. "High-protein foods are least likely to cause you pain."
d. "You should avoid eating any raw fruits and vegetables."
ANS:
B
A family member of a 28-year-old patient who has suffered massive abdominal
trauma in an automobile accident asks the nurse why the patient is receiving
famotidine (Pepcid). The nurse will explain that the medication will
a. decrease nausea and vomiting.
b. inhibit development of stress ulcers.
c. lower the risk for H. pylori infection.
d. prevent aspiration of gastric contents.
ANS:
B
Which medications will the nurse teach the patient about whose peptic ulcer
disease is associated with Helicobacter pylori?
a. Sucralfate (Carafate), nystatin (Mycostatin), and bismuth (Pepto-Bismol)
b. Amoxicillin (Amoxil), clarithromycin (Biaxin), and omeprazole (Prilosec)
c. Famotidine (Pepcid), magnesium hydroxide (Mylanta), and pantoprazole
EXAMINATION 2025 – 2026 WITH QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+
Jake's Exam
What are the risk factors for type 1 diabetes? Select all that apply:
A. early onset
B. genetic predisposition
C. possible immunologic or environmental (viral or toxins) factors
D. eating high carbohydrate meals
Ans:
A.
B.
C.
What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply:
A. obesity and age
B. previous identified impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance
C. hypertension ≥140/90 mm Hg, HDL ≤35 mg/dL, or triglycerides ≥250 mg/dL
D. history of gestational diabetes or babies over 9 pounds
Ans:
A.
B.
C.
D.
The client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes asks how diabetes type 1 and
diabetes type 2 are different. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Diabetes type 1 develops in people younger than 40 years and diabetes
type 2 develops only in older people."
B. "Diabetes type 2 develops in people younger than 40 years and diabetes
type 1 develops only in older people."
C. "Patients with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk for obesity and heart
disease, whereas patients with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for strokes."
D. "Patients with type 1 diabetes produce no insulin and patients with type 2
diabetes produce insulin but their insulin receptors are not very sensitive to
it."
Ans: D
The client newly diagnosed with diabetes asks why he is always so thirsty.
What is the nurse's best response?
A. "The extra glucose in the blood increases the blood sodium level, which
,increases your sense of thirst."
B. "Without insulin, glucose is excreted rather than used in the cells. The loss
of glucose directly triggers thirst, especially for sugared drinks."
C. "The extra glucose in the blood makes the blood thicker, which then
triggers thirst so that the water you drink will dilute the blood glucose level."
D. "Without insulin, glucose combines with blood cholesterol, which damages
the kidneys, making you feel thirsty even when no water has been lost."
Ans: C
The client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks why insulin is given only
by injection and not as an oral drug. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Injected insulin works faster than oral drugs to lower blood glucose
levels."
B. "Oral insulin is so weak that it would require very high dosages to be
effective."
C. "Insulin is a small protein that is destroyed by stomach acids and intestinal
enzymes."
D. "Insulin is a "high alert drug" and could more easily be abused if it were
available as an oral agent."
Ans:
C
Which explanation best assists the client in differentiating type 1 diabetes
from type 2 diabetes?
A. Most clients with type 1 diabetes are born with it.
B. People with type 1 diabetes are often obese.
C. Those with type 2 diabetes make insulin, but in inadequate amounts.
D. People with type 2 diabetes do not develop typical diabetic complications.
Ans:
C
The client with type 1 diabetes mellitus received regular insulin at 7 AM. The
client should be monitored for hypoglycemia at which time?A. 7:30 AM
B. 11 AM
C. 2 PM
D. 7:30 PM
Ans:
B
A 27-year-old female patient is admitted to the hospital for evaluation of right
lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Which action
should the nurse take?
a. Encourage the patient to sip clear liquids.
b. Give pain medications to provide relief.
c. Assist the patient to cough and deep breathe.
d. Apply an ice pack to the right lower quadrant.
Ans:
D
,A patient being admitted with an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis
reports crampy abdominal pain and passing 15 or more bloody stools a day.
The nurse will plan to:
a. administer IV metoclopramide (Reglan).
b. discontinue the patient's oral food intake.
c. administer cobalamin (vitamin B12) injections.
d. teach the patient about total colectomy surgery.
Ans:
B
The nurse will plan to teach a patient with Crohn's disease who has
megaloblastic pernicious anemia about the need for
a. oral ferrous sulfate tablets.
b. regular blood transfusions.
c. iron dextran (Imferon) infusions.
d. cobalamin (B12) spray or injections.
ANS:
D
A 51-year-old woman with Crohn's disease who is taking infliximab (Remicade)
calls the nurse in the outpatient clinic about new symptoms. Which symptom
is most important to communicate to the health care provider?
a. Fever
b. Nausea
c. Joint pain
d. Headache
ANS:
A
Which is a complication in patients with ulcerative colitis?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Toxic megacolon
C. Pancreatitis
D. Barrett's esophagus
ANS:
B
How does the drug sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) work in the treatment of IBD?
A. Destroys bacteria
B. Suppresses inflammatory mediators
C. Slows gastric motility
D. Promotes electrolyte exchange across intestinal membrane
ANS:
B
Which is correct information about the treatment of Crohn's disease?A.
Surgery is the preferred treatment.
B. Aminosalicylates are frequently used first.
, C. Corticosteroids are given for long-term therapy.
D. High-fiber foods are encouraged to add bulk to diarrheal stool.
ANS:
B
In planning care for the patient with Crohn's disease, you recognize that a
major difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease is that Crohn's
disease
A. frequently results in toxic megacolon.
B. causes fewer nutritional deficiencies than does ulcerative colitis
C. often recurs after surgery, whereas ulcerative colitis is curable with a
colectomy.
D. is manifested by rectal bleeding and anemia more frequently than is
ulcerative colitis.
ANS:
C
What is the main treatment for a patient with acute diverticulitis?
A. Colon resection and ostomy
B. Nasogastric tube and intravenous (IV) fluids
C. Long-term course of oral corticosteroids
D. Mechanical soft diet
ANS:
B
Which information about dietary management should the nurse include when
teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
a. "You will need to remain on a bland diet."
b. "Avoid foods that cause pain after you eat them."
c. "High-protein foods are least likely to cause you pain."
d. "You should avoid eating any raw fruits and vegetables."
ANS:
B
A family member of a 28-year-old patient who has suffered massive abdominal
trauma in an automobile accident asks the nurse why the patient is receiving
famotidine (Pepcid). The nurse will explain that the medication will
a. decrease nausea and vomiting.
b. inhibit development of stress ulcers.
c. lower the risk for H. pylori infection.
d. prevent aspiration of gastric contents.
ANS:
B
Which medications will the nurse teach the patient about whose peptic ulcer
disease is associated with Helicobacter pylori?
a. Sucralfate (Carafate), nystatin (Mycostatin), and bismuth (Pepto-Bismol)
b. Amoxicillin (Amoxil), clarithromycin (Biaxin), and omeprazole (Prilosec)
c. Famotidine (Pepcid), magnesium hydroxide (Mylanta), and pantoprazole
