Bio 322 Exam 2
Prezygotic - answerbarrier to transference of gametes to other species
(premating/postmating)
Postzygotic - answerbarrier after transference of gametes to other species (postmating)
Haploid - answerone set of chromosomes
Diploid - answertwo sets of chromosomes
Polyploid - answermore than two sets of chromosomes; triploid, tetraploid, hexaploid
What causes a plant to be larger? - answer having more than two sets of chromosomes
Ecological Isolation - answerTwo types:
Temporal
Habitat (geographical)
Temporal Isolation - answerbreed at different times
Habitat (Geographical) Isolation - answerlive in different habitats
Behavioral Isolation - answerspecific mate recognition; can occur due to courtship
rituals, pheromones, visual and acoustic cues
Morphological - answerparts don't fit; different morphology between males and females
of different species
Is birth control considered pre or postzygotic? - answerPostzygotic
If the duck doesn't have the right corkscrew penis structure during mating with the
female duck, she will not allow the sperm to fertilize her eggs. This is an example of
what type of isolation? - answerGenitalia Isolation
If the duck doesn't have the right corkscrew penis structure during mating with the
female duck, she will not allow the sperm to fertilize her eggs. Is this considered pre or
postzygotic? - answerPostzygotic
Hybridization - answerIncludes the following:
Hybrids
, Hybrid viabillity
Hybrid sterility
Muller incompatibility
Hybrid - answerinterbreeding of two separate species; not typically healthy
Hybrid viability - answerlow survival rates; heterozygote disadvantage
Hybrid sterility - answerhybrid survive, but can't reproduce
Muller incompatibility - answergenes are dependent on modifier genes for phenotype;
Epistasis
Hybrid zones - answer- tend to be a narrow band where species overlap
- produce tension zones
- primary zone
- secondary zone
Tension zones - answerselection against hybrid; test of their survivability
Primary zone - answerdivergence is currently taking place within a population
Secondary zone - answertwo recently separated populations re-establish contact
Changes within the secondary zone - answer- reinforcement: doesn't survive
- fusion; survive in both a/biotic factors of their parents
- stability; survive inside the zone but will not survive outside the zone
Alleles are - answerDifferent variations of the same gene at the same loci
Fireflies of different species are not able to recognize each other as potential mates due
to the pattern of flashes. What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is this an
example of? - answerBehavioral isolation
Which of the following reasons typically causes hybrid sterility? - answerIncompatible
number of chromosomes
True or False: Congenital differences are due to environmental factors during
development. - answerTrue
True or False: Mutations within somatic cells can be passed down to offspring. -
answerFalse
Which of the following mechanisms is the only way to introduce novel variation in a
species? - answerMutations
Prezygotic - answerbarrier to transference of gametes to other species
(premating/postmating)
Postzygotic - answerbarrier after transference of gametes to other species (postmating)
Haploid - answerone set of chromosomes
Diploid - answertwo sets of chromosomes
Polyploid - answermore than two sets of chromosomes; triploid, tetraploid, hexaploid
What causes a plant to be larger? - answer having more than two sets of chromosomes
Ecological Isolation - answerTwo types:
Temporal
Habitat (geographical)
Temporal Isolation - answerbreed at different times
Habitat (Geographical) Isolation - answerlive in different habitats
Behavioral Isolation - answerspecific mate recognition; can occur due to courtship
rituals, pheromones, visual and acoustic cues
Morphological - answerparts don't fit; different morphology between males and females
of different species
Is birth control considered pre or postzygotic? - answerPostzygotic
If the duck doesn't have the right corkscrew penis structure during mating with the
female duck, she will not allow the sperm to fertilize her eggs. This is an example of
what type of isolation? - answerGenitalia Isolation
If the duck doesn't have the right corkscrew penis structure during mating with the
female duck, she will not allow the sperm to fertilize her eggs. Is this considered pre or
postzygotic? - answerPostzygotic
Hybridization - answerIncludes the following:
Hybrids
, Hybrid viabillity
Hybrid sterility
Muller incompatibility
Hybrid - answerinterbreeding of two separate species; not typically healthy
Hybrid viability - answerlow survival rates; heterozygote disadvantage
Hybrid sterility - answerhybrid survive, but can't reproduce
Muller incompatibility - answergenes are dependent on modifier genes for phenotype;
Epistasis
Hybrid zones - answer- tend to be a narrow band where species overlap
- produce tension zones
- primary zone
- secondary zone
Tension zones - answerselection against hybrid; test of their survivability
Primary zone - answerdivergence is currently taking place within a population
Secondary zone - answertwo recently separated populations re-establish contact
Changes within the secondary zone - answer- reinforcement: doesn't survive
- fusion; survive in both a/biotic factors of their parents
- stability; survive inside the zone but will not survive outside the zone
Alleles are - answerDifferent variations of the same gene at the same loci
Fireflies of different species are not able to recognize each other as potential mates due
to the pattern of flashes. What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is this an
example of? - answerBehavioral isolation
Which of the following reasons typically causes hybrid sterility? - answerIncompatible
number of chromosomes
True or False: Congenital differences are due to environmental factors during
development. - answerTrue
True or False: Mutations within somatic cells can be passed down to offspring. -
answerFalse
Which of the following mechanisms is the only way to introduce novel variation in a
species? - answerMutations
