Biol 322 Exam 1
What are the 5 defining characteristics of chordate? - answer dorsal hollow nerve cord
(DHNC)
notochord (NC)
pharyngeal slits(PS)
post anal tail (PAT)
in adult ascidians, a filter feeder, water is pulled in though the ______ and expelled out
the ______ - answer buccal siphon
atrial siphon
An ascidian colony produced by asexual reproduction is made up of only a single
genotype. All the individuals, or ______, as they are called, are clones of one another. –
answer ramets
how do the animals (ascidians) get rid of waste, and not have it flow back in to clog up
vital functions? - answer In ascidians, raw seawater (with food particles and oxygen) is
entering the buccal siphon and waste water (with excretions, feces, gametes when
sexual, and carbon dioxide) is leaving via the atrial siphon.
why are blood vessels in ascidians not given the distinction of 'artery' or 'vein'? -
answerblood flow is regularly reversed
where are the high surface area regions on the body and do they have a function in gas
exchange? (example: aquatic)
(consider body plan and different types of organisms) - answeroxygen and carbon
dioxide and all other gases are simply in the water, and any body body part bathed in
water might serve some function in gas exchange
the gills of fish... high surface area- water passes over- gas exchange occurs-
respiration is accomplished- the fish need not come to the surface to 'breathe'.
How does your circulatory system connect to and work with the respiratory system? -
answer
True or False
The high surface area of the ascidian pharyngeal basket is used exclusively for food
capture via mucous and ciliary action. - answerFalse
, Although ascidian larvae are planktonic, juveniles and adults are [Fill in the blank]. -
answerbenthic
What are the chordate characteristics that are present in the ascidian tadpole but are
then lost during metamorphosis (i.e. not seen in the adult form). - answernotocord,
dorsal hollow nerve cord, post anal tail
Unlike the ascidians, larvaceans spend their entire life as drifters. The term used for this
type of life cycle is: - answerholoplankton
Larvacean mucous [Fill in the blank] are an important component of what biological
oceanographers refer to as 'marine snow'. - answerhouses
Some thaliaceans are colonial which means that individuals (ramets) are produced via
[Fill in the blank] reproduction. - answerasexual
In thaliaceans with complex life cycles, some individuals are identified as blastozooids
whereas others are oozoids. What is the distinguishing difference between these two
types? - answerone is sexual and the other is not
how is the water motion (in take, through, exit) made in subphylum cephalochordata
(acrania)? - answerwith the pharyngeal cilia
what are the defining characteristics of subphylum cephalochordata? - answer1.
notochord is contractile
2. notochord extension past anterior end of nerve cord
what is the term in cephalochordata for the exit site of water that has already been
filtered? - answeratriopore
how do cephalochordata create their swimming motion? - answerv shaped muscles
called myomeres
What characteristic is found in a hemichordate but NOT in a chordate? - answerventral
nerve cord
Hemichordates have a prosome, mesosome, and metasome. This three-part body plan
is sometimes referred to as [Fill in the blank]. - answertrimeric
how do deposit/suspension feeders play an important role for bioturbation? - answercan
ingest sediment to digest organic film off pebbles before leaving 'cleaned' pebbles
behind which allows for better gas penetration and continued cycling of nutrients in the
sediment
[Fill in the blank] can ingest small bits of sediment, digest the organic films off these
inorganic items, and then leave a trail of 'cleaned' pebbles behind them. Hemichordates
What are the 5 defining characteristics of chordate? - answer dorsal hollow nerve cord
(DHNC)
notochord (NC)
pharyngeal slits(PS)
post anal tail (PAT)
in adult ascidians, a filter feeder, water is pulled in though the ______ and expelled out
the ______ - answer buccal siphon
atrial siphon
An ascidian colony produced by asexual reproduction is made up of only a single
genotype. All the individuals, or ______, as they are called, are clones of one another. –
answer ramets
how do the animals (ascidians) get rid of waste, and not have it flow back in to clog up
vital functions? - answer In ascidians, raw seawater (with food particles and oxygen) is
entering the buccal siphon and waste water (with excretions, feces, gametes when
sexual, and carbon dioxide) is leaving via the atrial siphon.
why are blood vessels in ascidians not given the distinction of 'artery' or 'vein'? -
answerblood flow is regularly reversed
where are the high surface area regions on the body and do they have a function in gas
exchange? (example: aquatic)
(consider body plan and different types of organisms) - answeroxygen and carbon
dioxide and all other gases are simply in the water, and any body body part bathed in
water might serve some function in gas exchange
the gills of fish... high surface area- water passes over- gas exchange occurs-
respiration is accomplished- the fish need not come to the surface to 'breathe'.
How does your circulatory system connect to and work with the respiratory system? -
answer
True or False
The high surface area of the ascidian pharyngeal basket is used exclusively for food
capture via mucous and ciliary action. - answerFalse
, Although ascidian larvae are planktonic, juveniles and adults are [Fill in the blank]. -
answerbenthic
What are the chordate characteristics that are present in the ascidian tadpole but are
then lost during metamorphosis (i.e. not seen in the adult form). - answernotocord,
dorsal hollow nerve cord, post anal tail
Unlike the ascidians, larvaceans spend their entire life as drifters. The term used for this
type of life cycle is: - answerholoplankton
Larvacean mucous [Fill in the blank] are an important component of what biological
oceanographers refer to as 'marine snow'. - answerhouses
Some thaliaceans are colonial which means that individuals (ramets) are produced via
[Fill in the blank] reproduction. - answerasexual
In thaliaceans with complex life cycles, some individuals are identified as blastozooids
whereas others are oozoids. What is the distinguishing difference between these two
types? - answerone is sexual and the other is not
how is the water motion (in take, through, exit) made in subphylum cephalochordata
(acrania)? - answerwith the pharyngeal cilia
what are the defining characteristics of subphylum cephalochordata? - answer1.
notochord is contractile
2. notochord extension past anterior end of nerve cord
what is the term in cephalochordata for the exit site of water that has already been
filtered? - answeratriopore
how do cephalochordata create their swimming motion? - answerv shaped muscles
called myomeres
What characteristic is found in a hemichordate but NOT in a chordate? - answerventral
nerve cord
Hemichordates have a prosome, mesosome, and metasome. This three-part body plan
is sometimes referred to as [Fill in the blank]. - answertrimeric
how do deposit/suspension feeders play an important role for bioturbation? - answercan
ingest sediment to digest organic film off pebbles before leaving 'cleaned' pebbles
behind which allows for better gas penetration and continued cycling of nutrients in the
sediment
[Fill in the blank] can ingest small bits of sediment, digest the organic films off these
inorganic items, and then leave a trail of 'cleaned' pebbles behind them. Hemichordates
