MA600 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers
/. The nervous system is divided into how many subdivisions? What are they? - Answer-
✅the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
/.CNS consists of: - Answer-✅brain and spinal cord
/.PNS consists of: - Answer-✅nerves and ganglia
/.What is a neuron? - Answer-✅a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous
system
/.What is a neuron function? - Answer-✅cell that transmits impulses and is the
structural unit of the nervous system
/.What are afferent or sensory neurons? - Answer-✅they transmit impulses TO the
neuron cell body
/.What are efferent or motor neurons? - Answer-✅carries impulses away from the cell
body
/.What are interneurons or association neurons - Answer-✅located entirely within the
CNS, where they form the connecting link between the afferent and efferent neurons.
/.What are the meninges, where are they located? - Answer-✅Three layers of meninges
surround the brain and spinal cord.
/.Name the 3 layers of the meninges - Answer-✅dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
/.What is the most superior portion of the diencephalon called? - Answer-✅epithalamus
/.What small gland is involved with the onset of puberty and rhythmic cycles in the
body? - Answer-✅Pineal gland
/.The cerebellum functions as a motor area of the brain that mediates
subconscious contractions of skeletal muscles necessary for what? - Answer-✅for
coordination, posture, and balance
/.The PNS consists of the nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord. What
do the
, nerves in the PNS do, what is their function? - Answer-✅form the communication
network between the CNS and the remainder of the body.
/.How many cranial nerves are in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? - Answer-✅12
/.How many spinal nerves are in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) - Answer-✅31
/.What are the general senses? - Answer-✅pain, touch, pressure, proprioception
/.What are the special senses - Answer-✅taste, smell, hearing, sight
/.Which senses are widely distributed in the body and which are localized in a particular
area? - Answer-✅General is widely spread, Special senses are localized
/.How many more heat receptors are there than cold receptors? - Answer-✅10x more
/.Due to sensory adaptation, what happens when the skin has hot or cold applied to it
for at least a few minutes? - Answer-✅Pain
/.What are taste buds? - Answer-✅chemoreceptors
/.The receptors on the tongue are sensitive to what? What stimulates them? - Answer-
✅sensitive to chemicals in the food we eat. For these chemicals to be detected by a
chemoreceptor
/.Where in the brain are the olfactory receptors (smell sensations) stimulated? - Answer-
✅Olfactory nerve (CN1)
/.What is a stye? - Answer-✅inflammation of the sebaceous gland
/.What is known as the "blind spot" of the eye? - Answer-✅Optic disc bc there are no
photoreceptors
/.What is the fovea centralis? - Answer-✅This is a small area on the retina that has an
extremely high concentration of cones.
/.What is refraction? - Answer-✅Bending of light
/.What is accommodation? - Answer-✅the process by which the eye's lens changes
shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
/.What does the external ear consist of? - Answer-✅auricle, or pinna, and the external
auditory canal.
Answers
/. The nervous system is divided into how many subdivisions? What are they? - Answer-
✅the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
/.CNS consists of: - Answer-✅brain and spinal cord
/.PNS consists of: - Answer-✅nerves and ganglia
/.What is a neuron? - Answer-✅a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous
system
/.What is a neuron function? - Answer-✅cell that transmits impulses and is the
structural unit of the nervous system
/.What are afferent or sensory neurons? - Answer-✅they transmit impulses TO the
neuron cell body
/.What are efferent or motor neurons? - Answer-✅carries impulses away from the cell
body
/.What are interneurons or association neurons - Answer-✅located entirely within the
CNS, where they form the connecting link between the afferent and efferent neurons.
/.What are the meninges, where are they located? - Answer-✅Three layers of meninges
surround the brain and spinal cord.
/.Name the 3 layers of the meninges - Answer-✅dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
/.What is the most superior portion of the diencephalon called? - Answer-✅epithalamus
/.What small gland is involved with the onset of puberty and rhythmic cycles in the
body? - Answer-✅Pineal gland
/.The cerebellum functions as a motor area of the brain that mediates
subconscious contractions of skeletal muscles necessary for what? - Answer-✅for
coordination, posture, and balance
/.The PNS consists of the nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord. What
do the
, nerves in the PNS do, what is their function? - Answer-✅form the communication
network between the CNS and the remainder of the body.
/.How many cranial nerves are in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? - Answer-✅12
/.How many spinal nerves are in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) - Answer-✅31
/.What are the general senses? - Answer-✅pain, touch, pressure, proprioception
/.What are the special senses - Answer-✅taste, smell, hearing, sight
/.Which senses are widely distributed in the body and which are localized in a particular
area? - Answer-✅General is widely spread, Special senses are localized
/.How many more heat receptors are there than cold receptors? - Answer-✅10x more
/.Due to sensory adaptation, what happens when the skin has hot or cold applied to it
for at least a few minutes? - Answer-✅Pain
/.What are taste buds? - Answer-✅chemoreceptors
/.The receptors on the tongue are sensitive to what? What stimulates them? - Answer-
✅sensitive to chemicals in the food we eat. For these chemicals to be detected by a
chemoreceptor
/.Where in the brain are the olfactory receptors (smell sensations) stimulated? - Answer-
✅Olfactory nerve (CN1)
/.What is a stye? - Answer-✅inflammation of the sebaceous gland
/.What is known as the "blind spot" of the eye? - Answer-✅Optic disc bc there are no
photoreceptors
/.What is the fovea centralis? - Answer-✅This is a small area on the retina that has an
extremely high concentration of cones.
/.What is refraction? - Answer-✅Bending of light
/.What is accommodation? - Answer-✅the process by which the eye's lens changes
shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
/.What does the external ear consist of? - Answer-✅auricle, or pinna, and the external
auditory canal.
