Natural Science Exam 1
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1. control variable In an experiment of or set of compared observations, a variable that does not differ
between control and test groups.
2. controlled experi- Test group compared to a control, or unaltered, group.
ment
3. data Recordable observations or measurements.
4. deductive rea- Using general principles to infer answers to specific questions.
soning
5. dependent vari- Measured results of an experiment; result of the effects of the independent
able variable
6. double blind Experiment in which neither researcher nor subject knows which treatment is
being given until the data have been collected.
7. hypothesis Explanation of expectations based on an understanding of current evidence.
8. independent Condition being tested; different in test and control groups.
variable
9. inductive reason- Using specific examples to extrapolate general principles.
ing
10. observation A description or characterization of a natural phenomenon, either experimental or
not, usually in the smallest unit; a quantitative or qualitative measure of a subject
under study; together with others forms a set of results or dataset.
11. science Asks and answers questions based on the assumption that processes are based
on generalized rules that can be described with careful observation in an attempt
to understand the natural world.
12. scientific inquiry Search for information and explanation.
, Natural Science Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g7dtx
13. theory General, verifiable principle explaining many observations and based on the
results of controlled experiments or observations.
14. Describe the sci- Biology is the subset of science that aims to understand the structure and function
ence of biology of the living world, but it is strongly linked to other sciences. Biology is itself split
into specialties, often based on level of organization. These include everything
from molecular biology, which examines how genes and proteins interact to make
up the diversity of structures an organism possesses, to ecosystems ecology,
which studies how entire communities of organisms interact with their external
environment to shape global processes
15. biological evolu- A process that results in heritable changes in a population over time
tion
16. natural selection Mechanism of evolution theorized by Darwin and Wallace. Organisms best suited
to the environment have the most resources for survival and reproduction and pass
their successful traits to offspring
17. Identify evolution Charles Darwin formulated one mechanism of evolution, natural selection, in the
as the core theme mid-1800s by simple observation. Natural selection is a process that describes
and unifying con- how traits change in a population by the differential reproduction of its members.
cept in biology Genetics was incorporated into evolution in the mid-1900s. Today, scientists study
evolution at the level of genes.
18. Explain how evo- Evidences from similarities in DNA and cellular structures and processes support
lution has led to Darwin's idea that all organisms share a common ancestor. Over time, life diverged
both the unity to fill Earth's environments. As Earth changed, life adapted. If a life form could
and diversity of not adapt to changes, it went extinct. The result of evolution is the extraordinary
life forms. diversity we see on Earth today. The uniformity in diverse species provides the
evidence of unity of evolution. Specifically, the structure of the cell membrane,
the uniformity of the base pairs that construct DNA, and even the homologous
structure of limbs show the similarity between species. Evolution is also able to
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g7dtx
1. control variable In an experiment of or set of compared observations, a variable that does not differ
between control and test groups.
2. controlled experi- Test group compared to a control, or unaltered, group.
ment
3. data Recordable observations or measurements.
4. deductive rea- Using general principles to infer answers to specific questions.
soning
5. dependent vari- Measured results of an experiment; result of the effects of the independent
able variable
6. double blind Experiment in which neither researcher nor subject knows which treatment is
being given until the data have been collected.
7. hypothesis Explanation of expectations based on an understanding of current evidence.
8. independent Condition being tested; different in test and control groups.
variable
9. inductive reason- Using specific examples to extrapolate general principles.
ing
10. observation A description or characterization of a natural phenomenon, either experimental or
not, usually in the smallest unit; a quantitative or qualitative measure of a subject
under study; together with others forms a set of results or dataset.
11. science Asks and answers questions based on the assumption that processes are based
on generalized rules that can be described with careful observation in an attempt
to understand the natural world.
12. scientific inquiry Search for information and explanation.
, Natural Science Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g7dtx
13. theory General, verifiable principle explaining many observations and based on the
results of controlled experiments or observations.
14. Describe the sci- Biology is the subset of science that aims to understand the structure and function
ence of biology of the living world, but it is strongly linked to other sciences. Biology is itself split
into specialties, often based on level of organization. These include everything
from molecular biology, which examines how genes and proteins interact to make
up the diversity of structures an organism possesses, to ecosystems ecology,
which studies how entire communities of organisms interact with their external
environment to shape global processes
15. biological evolu- A process that results in heritable changes in a population over time
tion
16. natural selection Mechanism of evolution theorized by Darwin and Wallace. Organisms best suited
to the environment have the most resources for survival and reproduction and pass
their successful traits to offspring
17. Identify evolution Charles Darwin formulated one mechanism of evolution, natural selection, in the
as the core theme mid-1800s by simple observation. Natural selection is a process that describes
and unifying con- how traits change in a population by the differential reproduction of its members.
cept in biology Genetics was incorporated into evolution in the mid-1900s. Today, scientists study
evolution at the level of genes.
18. Explain how evo- Evidences from similarities in DNA and cellular structures and processes support
lution has led to Darwin's idea that all organisms share a common ancestor. Over time, life diverged
both the unity to fill Earth's environments. As Earth changed, life adapted. If a life form could
and diversity of not adapt to changes, it went extinct. The result of evolution is the extraordinary
life forms. diversity we see on Earth today. The uniformity in diverse species provides the
evidence of unity of evolution. Specifically, the structure of the cell membrane,
the uniformity of the base pairs that construct DNA, and even the homologous
structure of limbs show the similarity between species. Evolution is also able to
