NSG 310 Questions with answers wel
graded A+
How to you assess readiness to learn? - ANS✅✅To understand how to effectively teach a client
and determine if they can understand the teaching, you must take these topic areas under
consideration.
-learning needs
-clients knowledge level
-health belief and practices
-physical readiness
-emotional readiness
-ability to learn
-literacy level
-neurosensory factors
-learning styles
Also before teaching make sure the client is not in any pain or is distracted by other things so that
the learning it totally perceived.
What is cognitive, psychomotor and affective learning? What are examples for each? -
ANS✅✅Cognitive
-involves knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation.
-ex. when a client learns the manifestations of hypoglycemia and can verbalize when to notify the
provider
Affective
-involves feelings beliefs and values
-ex. mother learning that her thought to start potty training her 12 month old needs to be held off
till the child is a bit older.
Psychomotor
,-involves gaining skills that require mental and physical activity
-ex. when a client practices preparing insulin injections
Who do you involve in patient teaching, when and why? - ANS✅✅Sometimes with chronic
illnesses or multiple diagnosis, the patient has to have teaching to do with their condition(s).
Collaboration with other health teams such as PT, OT, RT, and others may be needed to have
effective teaching with the client. Also most importantly, the client must be involved in the teaching
because it is patient centered care and the patent is the most important in being involved in the
process.
What is the teach back method? Why is it effective? - ANS✅✅In this method the teacher explains
and demonstrates the skill or task, then the learner demonstrates comprehension by returning the
demonstration. This is effective because it allows for targeted questions and answers rather than
theory it also is it effective for tasks that need to be completed by the patient.
What do different stool colors mean? - ANS✅✅-brown - normal poop with bile
-Red - bleeding in the rectum (Hematochezia), or occasionally from rapid or large amt of bleeding in
GI tract
-Maroon/dark red - bleeding in lower parts of the intestine
-Black/not sticky, no odor - iron or bismuth containing medications (Pepto Bismol)
-Black-tarry/foul odor (Melena)- bleeding in stomach or upper part of small intestine
-Clay-colored and/or pale - contains little or no bile - diseases or obstructions that cause obstruction
of flow of bile to the intestines
-Yellow/greasy/foul smell - presence of undigested fat - diseases pancreas (reduced enzymes to
intestines)
*stool usually get darker after it is left standing after defecation*
What is vagal stimulation related to bowel elimination? When can occur to occur? What should you
do if it happens? - ANS✅✅helps with peristalsis
The rationale regarding the enema is stimulation of the vagus nerve via anal stimulation, causes
bradycardia, hypotension, syncope. Sometimes these sudden changes can elicit a cardiovascular
event such as lethal arrhythmias, stroke, asystole ---->death.
, So, administering enemas can elicit a vagal response and lead to devastating outcomes. Must be
done using extreme caution.
What are the causative and alleviating factors of constipation? - ANS✅✅-Low fiber diet,
dehydration, low activity, medication, stress, pregnancy, surgery, developmental, dietary
supplements, pathological conditions
-increase fiber intake, hydration, increase activity, practice de-stressing techniques
S & S of UTI - ANS✅✅-back pain
-bladder spasms
-chills
-edema
-fever
-foul-smelling urine
-hematuria
-nausea/vomiting
-pyuria
-urgency of urination
-frequency of urination
What are hemorrhoids? How are they prevented? - ANS✅✅swollen or dilated veins in the anus
and real region
may be aused by constipation or straining to have a BM
-common during pregnancy
-increase fiber intake, do not strain, suppositories, enema
Know thy stomas and expected outputs from each different type - ANS✅✅Order of stomas in
relation to GI tract:
-Illeostomy: stoma of the small intestine that bypasses the large intestine entirely. Mostly liquid
content expelled. Kock pouch- is a continent ileostomy where a pouch is made inside the wall of the
abdomen to hold the contents. Ileoal-anal reservoir - milieus is connected to anus to expel content
through anus.
graded A+
How to you assess readiness to learn? - ANS✅✅To understand how to effectively teach a client
and determine if they can understand the teaching, you must take these topic areas under
consideration.
-learning needs
-clients knowledge level
-health belief and practices
-physical readiness
-emotional readiness
-ability to learn
-literacy level
-neurosensory factors
-learning styles
Also before teaching make sure the client is not in any pain or is distracted by other things so that
the learning it totally perceived.
What is cognitive, psychomotor and affective learning? What are examples for each? -
ANS✅✅Cognitive
-involves knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation.
-ex. when a client learns the manifestations of hypoglycemia and can verbalize when to notify the
provider
Affective
-involves feelings beliefs and values
-ex. mother learning that her thought to start potty training her 12 month old needs to be held off
till the child is a bit older.
Psychomotor
,-involves gaining skills that require mental and physical activity
-ex. when a client practices preparing insulin injections
Who do you involve in patient teaching, when and why? - ANS✅✅Sometimes with chronic
illnesses or multiple diagnosis, the patient has to have teaching to do with their condition(s).
Collaboration with other health teams such as PT, OT, RT, and others may be needed to have
effective teaching with the client. Also most importantly, the client must be involved in the teaching
because it is patient centered care and the patent is the most important in being involved in the
process.
What is the teach back method? Why is it effective? - ANS✅✅In this method the teacher explains
and demonstrates the skill or task, then the learner demonstrates comprehension by returning the
demonstration. This is effective because it allows for targeted questions and answers rather than
theory it also is it effective for tasks that need to be completed by the patient.
What do different stool colors mean? - ANS✅✅-brown - normal poop with bile
-Red - bleeding in the rectum (Hematochezia), or occasionally from rapid or large amt of bleeding in
GI tract
-Maroon/dark red - bleeding in lower parts of the intestine
-Black/not sticky, no odor - iron or bismuth containing medications (Pepto Bismol)
-Black-tarry/foul odor (Melena)- bleeding in stomach or upper part of small intestine
-Clay-colored and/or pale - contains little or no bile - diseases or obstructions that cause obstruction
of flow of bile to the intestines
-Yellow/greasy/foul smell - presence of undigested fat - diseases pancreas (reduced enzymes to
intestines)
*stool usually get darker after it is left standing after defecation*
What is vagal stimulation related to bowel elimination? When can occur to occur? What should you
do if it happens? - ANS✅✅helps with peristalsis
The rationale regarding the enema is stimulation of the vagus nerve via anal stimulation, causes
bradycardia, hypotension, syncope. Sometimes these sudden changes can elicit a cardiovascular
event such as lethal arrhythmias, stroke, asystole ---->death.
, So, administering enemas can elicit a vagal response and lead to devastating outcomes. Must be
done using extreme caution.
What are the causative and alleviating factors of constipation? - ANS✅✅-Low fiber diet,
dehydration, low activity, medication, stress, pregnancy, surgery, developmental, dietary
supplements, pathological conditions
-increase fiber intake, hydration, increase activity, practice de-stressing techniques
S & S of UTI - ANS✅✅-back pain
-bladder spasms
-chills
-edema
-fever
-foul-smelling urine
-hematuria
-nausea/vomiting
-pyuria
-urgency of urination
-frequency of urination
What are hemorrhoids? How are they prevented? - ANS✅✅swollen or dilated veins in the anus
and real region
may be aused by constipation or straining to have a BM
-common during pregnancy
-increase fiber intake, do not strain, suppositories, enema
Know thy stomas and expected outputs from each different type - ANS✅✅Order of stomas in
relation to GI tract:
-Illeostomy: stoma of the small intestine that bypasses the large intestine entirely. Mostly liquid
content expelled. Kock pouch- is a continent ileostomy where a pouch is made inside the wall of the
abdomen to hold the contents. Ileoal-anal reservoir - milieus is connected to anus to expel content
through anus.
