Comprehensive Exam: BIOS256 /
BIOS 256 (Latest Update 2025 /
2026) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
Question:
What are pyrogens?
Answer:
Chemicals released from pathogens or activated phagocytes that cause the
hypothalamus to raise the body temperature set point.
Question:
What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?
Answer:
Heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), and pain (dolor).
,Question:
What is hyperemia in the context of inflammation?
Answer:
An increased blood flow to a given area due to vasodilation and increased
capillary permeability.
Question:
What are the two types of adaptive immunity?
Answer:
Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity and humoral (antibody-mediated)
immunity.
Question:
What is the primary function of T cells in cellular immunity?
Answer:
To directly attack and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells.
Question:
How do B cells function in humoral immunity?
Answer:
They employ antibodies that tag pathogens for destruction.
,Question:
What is active immunity?
Answer:
The body's own immune system reacts to an antigen and produces long-
lasting memory cells.
Question:
What is the difference between natural active immunity and artificial active
immunity?
Answer:
Natural active immunity occurs through natural exposure to an antigen, while
artificial active immunity is generated through vaccination.
Question:
What is passive immunity?
Answer:
Pre-formed antibodies given to someone else, providing temporary
protection.
, Question:
What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?
Answer:
They are proteins produced in response to a specific antigen, binding
specifically to that antigen.
Question:
What are the five classes of antibodies?
Answer:
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
Question:
What is the function of IgA antibodies?
Answer:
They protect mucous membranes and are found in body secretions,
preventing pathogen adherence.
BIOS 256 (Latest Update 2025 /
2026) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions and Verified
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
Question:
What are pyrogens?
Answer:
Chemicals released from pathogens or activated phagocytes that cause the
hypothalamus to raise the body temperature set point.
Question:
What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?
Answer:
Heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), and pain (dolor).
,Question:
What is hyperemia in the context of inflammation?
Answer:
An increased blood flow to a given area due to vasodilation and increased
capillary permeability.
Question:
What are the two types of adaptive immunity?
Answer:
Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity and humoral (antibody-mediated)
immunity.
Question:
What is the primary function of T cells in cellular immunity?
Answer:
To directly attack and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells.
Question:
How do B cells function in humoral immunity?
Answer:
They employ antibodies that tag pathogens for destruction.
,Question:
What is active immunity?
Answer:
The body's own immune system reacts to an antigen and produces long-
lasting memory cells.
Question:
What is the difference between natural active immunity and artificial active
immunity?
Answer:
Natural active immunity occurs through natural exposure to an antigen, while
artificial active immunity is generated through vaccination.
Question:
What is passive immunity?
Answer:
Pre-formed antibodies given to someone else, providing temporary
protection.
, Question:
What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?
Answer:
They are proteins produced in response to a specific antigen, binding
specifically to that antigen.
Question:
What are the five classes of antibodies?
Answer:
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
Question:
What is the function of IgA antibodies?
Answer:
They protect mucous membranes and are found in body secretions,
preventing pathogen adherence.
