WSU BIO 251 EXAM 2 ADVANCED QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE DETAILED ACTUAL SOLUTIONS
1. Which of the following is true of the parasympathetic nervous system?
a. Some preganglionic neurons originate from the sacral spinal cord
b. Some preganglionic neurons originate from the brainstem
c. parasympathetic ganglia are usually at or near the target organs
d. all of the above - answer ✔✔-d. all of the above
2. This brain region acts as a relay to fine tune most sensory information traveling to the cerebral
cortex.
a. thalamus
b. hypothalamus
c. cerebellum
d. cerebral hemispheres
e. brainstem - answer ✔✔-a. thalamus
3. What type of neuroglial cell is necessary for the normal development of the blood brain barrier?
a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. ependymal cells
d. microglia
e. Schwaan cells - answer ✔✔-b. astrocytes
4. The somatic (motor) nervous system regulates the activity of _________.
a. smooth muscle
b. the heart
c. many organs
d. skeletal muscle
e. glands - answer ✔✔-d. skeletal muscle
5. Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release the neurotransmitter _________, and
parasympathetic postganglionic neurons release the neurotransmitter __________.
a. norepinephrine : norepinephrine
b. acetylcholine : norepinephrine
c. acetylcholine : acetylcholine
d. norepinephrine : acetylcholine
e. epinephrine : epinephrine - answer ✔✔-c. acetylcholine : acetylcholine
6. Which of the following are functions associated with the cerebral cortex (cerebrum) in humans?
a. motor functions such as controlling voluntary movements
b. association functions such as cognition and personality
c. sensory perception
d. a and b
e. a, b and c - answer ✔✔-e. a, b and c
7. Which of the following most accurately describes the function the brainstem?
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, a. controls voluntary movement
b. fine tunes sensory information coming from the spinal cord
c. controls involuntary functions such as cardiovascular function
d. sensory perception
e. involved with cognitive ability in humans - answer ✔✔-c. controls involuntary functions such as
cardiovascular function
8. Which of the following is a type of cholinergic receptor in the autonomic nervous system?
a. nicotinic receptors
b. muscarinic receptors
c. adrenergic receptors
d. glutamate receptors
e. both a and b - answer ✔✔-e. both a and b
9. Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?
a. controls thirst
b. controls hunger
c. temperature regulation
d. controls respiration
e. regulates secretion of anterior pituitary hormones - answer ✔✔-d. controls respiration
10. Damage to the cerebellum will lead to _________.
a. the complete inability to move
b. the generation of finely controlled movements
c. difficulty in maintaining equilibrium
d. the inability initiate and plan a movement
e. the generation of movement on one side of the body only - answer ✔✔-c. difficulty in maintaining
equilibrium
11. Which of the following is true for cones in the retina?
a. they are used in bright light conditions
b. each subtype of cone equally absorbs all wavelengths of visible light
c. they have a high acuity
d. both a and b
e. both a and c - answer ✔✔-e. both a and c
12. In photoreceptors, the light absorbing portion of the photopigment is ________ which is
synthesized from _________.
a. opsin : protein
b. retinene : protein
c. opsin : vitamin a
d. retinene : vitamin a
e. none of the above - answer ✔✔-d. retinene : vitamin a
13. Which of the following is the correct order of communication of visual information in the retina?
a. photoreceptor : bipolar cell : ganglion cell
b. photoreceptor : ganglion cell : bipolar cell
c. bipolar cell : ganglion cell : photoreceptor
d. bipolar cell : photoreceptor : ganglion cell
e. ganglion cell : bipolar cell : photoreceptor - answer ✔✔-a. photoreceptor : bipolar cell : ganglion cell
14. ______________ are photoreceptors that are highly sensitive to light (ie stimulated in low light
conditions)
a. rods
b. blue cones
c. green cones
d. red cones
e. all of the above - answer ✔✔-a. rods
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COMPLETE DETAILED ACTUAL SOLUTIONS
1. Which of the following is true of the parasympathetic nervous system?
a. Some preganglionic neurons originate from the sacral spinal cord
b. Some preganglionic neurons originate from the brainstem
c. parasympathetic ganglia are usually at or near the target organs
d. all of the above - answer ✔✔-d. all of the above
2. This brain region acts as a relay to fine tune most sensory information traveling to the cerebral
cortex.
a. thalamus
b. hypothalamus
c. cerebellum
d. cerebral hemispheres
e. brainstem - answer ✔✔-a. thalamus
3. What type of neuroglial cell is necessary for the normal development of the blood brain barrier?
a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. ependymal cells
d. microglia
e. Schwaan cells - answer ✔✔-b. astrocytes
4. The somatic (motor) nervous system regulates the activity of _________.
a. smooth muscle
b. the heart
c. many organs
d. skeletal muscle
e. glands - answer ✔✔-d. skeletal muscle
5. Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release the neurotransmitter _________, and
parasympathetic postganglionic neurons release the neurotransmitter __________.
a. norepinephrine : norepinephrine
b. acetylcholine : norepinephrine
c. acetylcholine : acetylcholine
d. norepinephrine : acetylcholine
e. epinephrine : epinephrine - answer ✔✔-c. acetylcholine : acetylcholine
6. Which of the following are functions associated with the cerebral cortex (cerebrum) in humans?
a. motor functions such as controlling voluntary movements
b. association functions such as cognition and personality
c. sensory perception
d. a and b
e. a, b and c - answer ✔✔-e. a, b and c
7. Which of the following most accurately describes the function the brainstem?
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, a. controls voluntary movement
b. fine tunes sensory information coming from the spinal cord
c. controls involuntary functions such as cardiovascular function
d. sensory perception
e. involved with cognitive ability in humans - answer ✔✔-c. controls involuntary functions such as
cardiovascular function
8. Which of the following is a type of cholinergic receptor in the autonomic nervous system?
a. nicotinic receptors
b. muscarinic receptors
c. adrenergic receptors
d. glutamate receptors
e. both a and b - answer ✔✔-e. both a and b
9. Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?
a. controls thirst
b. controls hunger
c. temperature regulation
d. controls respiration
e. regulates secretion of anterior pituitary hormones - answer ✔✔-d. controls respiration
10. Damage to the cerebellum will lead to _________.
a. the complete inability to move
b. the generation of finely controlled movements
c. difficulty in maintaining equilibrium
d. the inability initiate and plan a movement
e. the generation of movement on one side of the body only - answer ✔✔-c. difficulty in maintaining
equilibrium
11. Which of the following is true for cones in the retina?
a. they are used in bright light conditions
b. each subtype of cone equally absorbs all wavelengths of visible light
c. they have a high acuity
d. both a and b
e. both a and c - answer ✔✔-e. both a and c
12. In photoreceptors, the light absorbing portion of the photopigment is ________ which is
synthesized from _________.
a. opsin : protein
b. retinene : protein
c. opsin : vitamin a
d. retinene : vitamin a
e. none of the above - answer ✔✔-d. retinene : vitamin a
13. Which of the following is the correct order of communication of visual information in the retina?
a. photoreceptor : bipolar cell : ganglion cell
b. photoreceptor : ganglion cell : bipolar cell
c. bipolar cell : ganglion cell : photoreceptor
d. bipolar cell : photoreceptor : ganglion cell
e. ganglion cell : bipolar cell : photoreceptor - answer ✔✔-a. photoreceptor : bipolar cell : ganglion cell
14. ______________ are photoreceptors that are highly sensitive to light (ie stimulated in low light
conditions)
a. rods
b. blue cones
c. green cones
d. red cones
e. all of the above - answer ✔✔-a. rods
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