MCN 538
MCN538 Exam 3 Study Questions and
Answers Graded A+ 2025-2026
Solid non-cancerous breast tumors that are firm, soft mobile lesions. Most common
benign breast neoplasm
Fibroadenoma
What is the protocol to evaluate a fibroadenoma?
Monitor through an entire menstrual cycle to confirm persistence
At what age do fibroadenomas typically occur?
Adolescent girls and women under 30
Fluid filled lesions in the terminal duct or lobule of the breast that forms from
obstruction, involution, or aging of the ducts. May be palpable, no palpable, simple
or complex
Breast cyst
These breast lesions often fluctuate with the menstrual cycle and are more common
in the luteal phase. Peak incidence is in women 35-50. Postmenopausal women on
hormone therapy may have palpable ones. ones that persist and grow require
further eval. Ones that have a thick wall and are hyperechoic on US, have a 10 fold
increase of breast cancer.
Breast cysts
Mixture of stroma and glandular tissue. Account for less than 1% of breast masses.
occur in women 30-50
Phyllodes tumor
What is the management for a phyllodes tumor?
Excisional biopsy to eliminate risk of malignancy and to prevent reoccurrence
Nodular or glandular changes in breast that are typically bilateral and increase
during menstrual cycle. Most common benign breast condition
MCN 538
, MCN 538
Fibrocystic breasts
What is the classic symptom of fibrocystic breasts?
Cyclical bilateral breast pain
What are some clinical symptoms of fibrocystic breasts?
Increased breast engorgement and density, excessive nodularity, fluctuation of
cystic area size, increased tenderness, and spontaneous nipple discharge
(infrequent)
This is a spontaneous milky nipple discharge unrelated to pregnancy or nursing
that occurs 1 year after weaning infant
Galactorrhea
What is the primary cause of galactorrhea?
Hyperprolactinemia
If galactorrhea is present, when is malignancy likely?
When over age 60, spontaneous, arises from single duct, is blood stained,
unilateral, and persistent.
What makes malignancy more common in galactorrhea?
AGE
Underlying malignancy is present in 32% of women over the age of 60 and in only
3% of women under 40 when nipple discharge is the only presenting symptom, age
is important.
This broad based or pedunculated polyploid epithelial breast lesion is most
commonly diagnosed in perimenopausal women and often obstructs or distends the
involved duct
Intraductal papilloma
What is the clinical presentation of a intraductal papilloma?
Intermittent but spontaneous watery, serous or bloody discharge from 1 nipple
involving 1 or 2 ducts. The discharge can be watery, serous, or bloody, and of
variable volume.
MCN 538
MCN538 Exam 3 Study Questions and
Answers Graded A+ 2025-2026
Solid non-cancerous breast tumors that are firm, soft mobile lesions. Most common
benign breast neoplasm
Fibroadenoma
What is the protocol to evaluate a fibroadenoma?
Monitor through an entire menstrual cycle to confirm persistence
At what age do fibroadenomas typically occur?
Adolescent girls and women under 30
Fluid filled lesions in the terminal duct or lobule of the breast that forms from
obstruction, involution, or aging of the ducts. May be palpable, no palpable, simple
or complex
Breast cyst
These breast lesions often fluctuate with the menstrual cycle and are more common
in the luteal phase. Peak incidence is in women 35-50. Postmenopausal women on
hormone therapy may have palpable ones. ones that persist and grow require
further eval. Ones that have a thick wall and are hyperechoic on US, have a 10 fold
increase of breast cancer.
Breast cysts
Mixture of stroma and glandular tissue. Account for less than 1% of breast masses.
occur in women 30-50
Phyllodes tumor
What is the management for a phyllodes tumor?
Excisional biopsy to eliminate risk of malignancy and to prevent reoccurrence
Nodular or glandular changes in breast that are typically bilateral and increase
during menstrual cycle. Most common benign breast condition
MCN 538
, MCN 538
Fibrocystic breasts
What is the classic symptom of fibrocystic breasts?
Cyclical bilateral breast pain
What are some clinical symptoms of fibrocystic breasts?
Increased breast engorgement and density, excessive nodularity, fluctuation of
cystic area size, increased tenderness, and spontaneous nipple discharge
(infrequent)
This is a spontaneous milky nipple discharge unrelated to pregnancy or nursing
that occurs 1 year after weaning infant
Galactorrhea
What is the primary cause of galactorrhea?
Hyperprolactinemia
If galactorrhea is present, when is malignancy likely?
When over age 60, spontaneous, arises from single duct, is blood stained,
unilateral, and persistent.
What makes malignancy more common in galactorrhea?
AGE
Underlying malignancy is present in 32% of women over the age of 60 and in only
3% of women under 40 when nipple discharge is the only presenting symptom, age
is important.
This broad based or pedunculated polyploid epithelial breast lesion is most
commonly diagnosed in perimenopausal women and often obstructs or distends the
involved duct
Intraductal papilloma
What is the clinical presentation of a intraductal papilloma?
Intermittent but spontaneous watery, serous or bloody discharge from 1 nipple
involving 1 or 2 ducts. The discharge can be watery, serous, or bloody, and of
variable volume.
MCN 538
