👍 You need NCERT Class 9 Science – Chapter 5: The
Fundamental Unit of Life (Cell) notes + most expected
questions. I’ll give you concise, exam-focused notes +
likely exam questions.
---
📘 Chapter 5 – The Fundamental Unit of Life (Notes)
🧬 1. Discovery of the Cell
Robert Hooke (1665): observed cork cells under
microscope.
Cell theory (Schleiden & Schwann): All plants & animals
are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow: Omnis cellula e cellula → all cells arise
from pre-existing cells.
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🧬 2. Characteristics of Cells
Structural & functional unit of life.
, Size: varies (0.1 µm to few cm).
Shape: varies (Amoeba – irregular, RBC – circular,
Nerve cell – long).
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🧬 3. Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
Feature Prokaryotic (Bacteria) Eukaryotic
(Plants/Animals)
Nucleus Absent (nucleoid)Present, well defined
Membrane-bound organelles Absent Present
SizeSmall Larger
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🧬 4. Cell Organelles and Functions
(i) Plasma Membrane
Semi-permeable, controls movement of substances.
Fundamental Unit of Life (Cell) notes + most expected
questions. I’ll give you concise, exam-focused notes +
likely exam questions.
---
📘 Chapter 5 – The Fundamental Unit of Life (Notes)
🧬 1. Discovery of the Cell
Robert Hooke (1665): observed cork cells under
microscope.
Cell theory (Schleiden & Schwann): All plants & animals
are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow: Omnis cellula e cellula → all cells arise
from pre-existing cells.
---
🧬 2. Characteristics of Cells
Structural & functional unit of life.
, Size: varies (0.1 µm to few cm).
Shape: varies (Amoeba – irregular, RBC – circular,
Nerve cell – long).
---
🧬 3. Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
Feature Prokaryotic (Bacteria) Eukaryotic
(Plants/Animals)
Nucleus Absent (nucleoid)Present, well defined
Membrane-bound organelles Absent Present
SizeSmall Larger
---
🧬 4. Cell Organelles and Functions
(i) Plasma Membrane
Semi-permeable, controls movement of substances.
