2026 Questions and Answers
intrapersonal communication - Correct answer-occurs in the form of a person's
inner thoughts and beliefs colored by feelings that influence behavior
interpersonal communication - Correct answer-defined as a reciprocal, interactive,
dynamic process having value, cultural, emotive, and cognitive variables that
influence its transmission and reception
linear model of communication - Correct answer-model of communication that
consists of sender, message, receiver, and context
sender - Correct answer-the source or initiator of the message
message - Correct answer-the transmitted verbal or nonverbal expression of
thoughts and feelings
receiver - Correct answer-the recipient of the message
context - Correct answer-all the factors that influence how a message is received
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,transactional model of communication - Correct answer-model of communication
that includes internal forms in the context of communication, feedback loops, and
validation
- input --> throughput --> output
symmetrical - Correct answer-a role relationship where the roles are equal
complementary - Correct answer-a role relationship that typically operates with
one person holding a higher position than the other
communication - Correct answer-a combination of verbal and nonverbal behaviors
integrated for the purpose of sharing information
metacommunication - Correct answer-a broad term used to describe all of the
factors that influence how the message is perceived
denotation - Correct answer-the generalized meaning assigned to a word
connotation - Correct answer-a more personalized meaning of the word or phrase
verbal style factors - Correct answer-moderate pitch and tone in vocalization
vary vocalization
encourage patient involvement
validate patient's worth
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,advocate for patient when necessary
provide needed information appropriately
nonverbal - Correct answer-the majority of person-to-person communication of the
meaning of our message is ________.
nonverbal style factors - Correct answer-allow silence
use facilitative body language (posture, eye contact, gestures)
touch
proxemics
attend to patient's nonverbal body cues
convergence - Correct answer-to adjust one's speech to our conversational partners
to help facilitate the interaction
divergence - Correct answer-choice of a distinctly different style
age cohort, gender, cultural background, ethnicity, social class, and location -
Correct answer-communication is also influenced by style factors such as _______.
interpersonal competence - Correct answer-develops as the nurse comes to
understand the complex cognitive, behavioral, and cultural factors that influence
communication
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, social cognitive competency - Correct answer-the ability to interpret message
content within interactions from the point of view of each of the participants
message competency - Correct answer-the ability to use language and nonverbal
behaviors strategically in the intervention phase of the nursing process to achieve
the goals of the interaction
slang and jargon - Correct answer-different age groups even in the same culture
may attribute different meanings to the same word
medical jargon - Correct answer-careful explanations help patients overcome
communication challenges
responsiveness of participants - Correct answer-affects the depth and breadth of
communication
roles of participants - Correct answer-paying attention to the role relationship is
just as important as deciphering the message
same constructive criticism made by a good friend and a supervisor will be
interpreted differently
context of the message - Correct answer-communication is always influenced by
the environment and shaped by the situation in which the interaction occurs
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