NR 283 Practice Questions And Answers
New Solution
1. A 52-year-old female is diagnosed with coronary artery disease. The nurse assesses for myocardial:
A. Hypertrophy
B. Ischemia
C. Necrosis
D. Inflammation - ANS ✔ - B. Ischemia
2. A 49-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain. EKG reveals ST
elevation. He is diagnosed with myocardial ischemia. Which of the following interventions would be
most beneficial?
A. Administer a diuretic to decrease volume.
B. Apply oxygen to increase myocardial oxygen supply.
C. Encourage exercise to increase heart rate.
D. Give an antibiotic to decrease infection. - ANS ✔ - B. Apply oxygen to increase myocardial
oxygen supply.
3. A 75-year-old male has severe chest pain and dials 911. Lab tests at the hospital reveal elevated
levels of cardiac troponins I and T. Based upon the lab findings, the nurse suspects which of the
following has occurred?
A. Raynaud disease
B. Myocardial infarction (MI)
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Varicose veins - ANS ✔ - B. Myocardial infarction (MI)
4. Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
, A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - ANS ✔ - A. Hypoxia
5. Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a result of ischemia
in the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - ANS ✔ - D. Gangrenous
6. Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel walls. - ANS ✔ -
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
7. Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - ANS ✔ - B. Dominant
8. Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water into cells, thus
making the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
, C. Hypotonic - ANS ✔ - B. Hypertonic
9. Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - ANS ✔ - A. Potassium
10. Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - ANS ✔ - D. Young adult male
with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
11. The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - ANS ✔ - A. Excessive intake of K,
body's inability to excrete it
12. Hyperkalemia is present when the level of potassium in the blood is higher than ______mEq/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
C. 5.1
D. 6.1 - ANS ✔ - C. 5.1
13. 1.The nurse practitioner anticipates which of the following clients would be most at risk to develop
hyperkalemia? The client:
New Solution
1. A 52-year-old female is diagnosed with coronary artery disease. The nurse assesses for myocardial:
A. Hypertrophy
B. Ischemia
C. Necrosis
D. Inflammation - ANS ✔ - B. Ischemia
2. A 49-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain. EKG reveals ST
elevation. He is diagnosed with myocardial ischemia. Which of the following interventions would be
most beneficial?
A. Administer a diuretic to decrease volume.
B. Apply oxygen to increase myocardial oxygen supply.
C. Encourage exercise to increase heart rate.
D. Give an antibiotic to decrease infection. - ANS ✔ - B. Apply oxygen to increase myocardial
oxygen supply.
3. A 75-year-old male has severe chest pain and dials 911. Lab tests at the hospital reveal elevated
levels of cardiac troponins I and T. Based upon the lab findings, the nurse suspects which of the
following has occurred?
A. Raynaud disease
B. Myocardial infarction (MI)
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Varicose veins - ANS ✔ - B. Myocardial infarction (MI)
4. Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
, A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - ANS ✔ - A. Hypoxia
5. Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a result of ischemia
in the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - ANS ✔ - D. Gangrenous
6. Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel walls. - ANS ✔ -
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
7. Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - ANS ✔ - B. Dominant
8. Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water into cells, thus
making the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
, C. Hypotonic - ANS ✔ - B. Hypertonic
9. Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - ANS ✔ - A. Potassium
10. Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - ANS ✔ - D. Young adult male
with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
11. The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - ANS ✔ - A. Excessive intake of K,
body's inability to excrete it
12. Hyperkalemia is present when the level of potassium in the blood is higher than ______mEq/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
C. 5.1
D. 6.1 - ANS ✔ - C. 5.1
13. 1.The nurse practitioner anticipates which of the following clients would be most at risk to develop
hyperkalemia? The client:
