Test Bank For Pathophysiology
dura mater - ANSWERSOuter layer of meninges, tough, fibrous, double layered.
dural sinuses - ANSWERSFormed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous blood and CSF for return
to general circulation.
mediastinum (what is it) - ANSWERSArea of thoracic cavity between lungs. Location of trachea,
esophagus, heart & large vessels
pericardial sac - ANSWERSFibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled, anchors heart to diaphragm.
endocardium - ANSWERSinner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
septum in heart - ANSWERSsepartes L & R sides of heart
SA node - other name - ANSWERSpacemaker
sinus rhythm - ANSWERSbasic rate of impulses generated by SA node (70 beats per minute)
location of sinoatrial node - ANSWERSright atrium
Where does impulse go to after SA node - ANSWERSSpreads through atrial conduction
pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it - ANSWERSAtrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA node sent it
through atria
,AV node - where is it - ANSWERSFloor of R atrium near septum. Is the only anatomical
connection between atrial and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name - ANSWERSBundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do - ANSWERSRecords electrical changes sent by conduction impulses as
picked up by electrodes
apoptosis - ANSWERSnormal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous - ANSWERSoriginating from within the body
exogenous - ANSWERSoriginating from outside the body
gangrene - ANSWERSnecrotic tissue infected by bacteria
hypoxia - ANSWERSdecreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic - ANSWERScaused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic - ANSWERSno known cause
ischemia - ANSWERSdecreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis - ANSWERSdestruction of a cell
, lysosomal enzymes - ANSWERSreleased into tissues undergoing lysis; cause inflammation and
damage to nearby cells and reduced function
morphologic - ANSWERSstructural
pathogenesis - ANSWERSdevelopment of the disease or sequence of events involved in the
tissue changes related to the specific disease process
insidious - ANSWERSProceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with only vague or mild signs, but with
harmful effects. Ex: "the xx effects of stress"; hepatitis
subclinical - ANSWERSpathologic changes occur but no obvious manifestations exhibited,
perhaps because of great reserve capacity of some organs. Ex: kidney damage may progress to
an advanced stage of renal failure before symptoms are manifested.
latent - ANSWERSsilent stage, no clinical signs evident. May be called incubation period in some
infectious diseases. May be communicable during this period.
prodromal - ANSWERStime in early development of disease; pt know of change in body, but
signs are nonspecific; a stage in infections. Labs tests are negative, difficult to confirm diagnosis.
manifestations - ANSWERSclinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms, local or systemic
lesion - ANSWERSspecific local change in tissue, may be microscopic
syndrome - ANSWERScollection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ.
Usually occur together in response to a certain condition.
remission - ANSWERSmanifestations of the disease subside
dura mater - ANSWERSOuter layer of meninges, tough, fibrous, double layered.
dural sinuses - ANSWERSFormed by spits in dura mater. Collect venous blood and CSF for return
to general circulation.
mediastinum (what is it) - ANSWERSArea of thoracic cavity between lungs. Location of trachea,
esophagus, heart & large vessels
pericardial sac - ANSWERSFibrous sac, holds heart, double-walled, anchors heart to diaphragm.
endocardium - ANSWERSinner layer of heart, forms 4 heart valves
septum in heart - ANSWERSsepartes L & R sides of heart
SA node - other name - ANSWERSpacemaker
sinus rhythm - ANSWERSbasic rate of impulses generated by SA node (70 beats per minute)
location of sinoatrial node - ANSWERSright atrium
Where does impulse go to after SA node - ANSWERSSpreads through atrial conduction
pathways, resulting in contraction of both atria
AV node - what is it - ANSWERSAtrioventricular node. Impulse arrives here after SA node sent it
through atria
,AV node - where is it - ANSWERSFloor of R atrium near septum. Is the only anatomical
connection between atrial and ventricular portions of conduction system.
AV bundle - other name - ANSWERSBundle of His - other name
ECG - what does it do - ANSWERSRecords electrical changes sent by conduction impulses as
picked up by electrodes
apoptosis - ANSWERSnormal programmed cell death in tissues
endogenous - ANSWERSoriginating from within the body
exogenous - ANSWERSoriginating from outside the body
gangrene - ANSWERSnecrotic tissue infected by bacteria
hypoxia - ANSWERSdecreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
iatrogenic - ANSWERScaused by a treatment, procedure or error
idiopathic - ANSWERSno known cause
ischemia - ANSWERSdecreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
lysis - ANSWERSdestruction of a cell
, lysosomal enzymes - ANSWERSreleased into tissues undergoing lysis; cause inflammation and
damage to nearby cells and reduced function
morphologic - ANSWERSstructural
pathogenesis - ANSWERSdevelopment of the disease or sequence of events involved in the
tissue changes related to the specific disease process
insidious - ANSWERSProceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with only vague or mild signs, but with
harmful effects. Ex: "the xx effects of stress"; hepatitis
subclinical - ANSWERSpathologic changes occur but no obvious manifestations exhibited,
perhaps because of great reserve capacity of some organs. Ex: kidney damage may progress to
an advanced stage of renal failure before symptoms are manifested.
latent - ANSWERSsilent stage, no clinical signs evident. May be called incubation period in some
infectious diseases. May be communicable during this period.
prodromal - ANSWERStime in early development of disease; pt know of change in body, but
signs are nonspecific; a stage in infections. Labs tests are negative, difficult to confirm diagnosis.
manifestations - ANSWERSclinical evidence or effects, signs and symptoms, local or systemic
lesion - ANSWERSspecific local change in tissue, may be microscopic
syndrome - ANSWERScollection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ.
Usually occur together in response to a certain condition.
remission - ANSWERSmanifestations of the disease subside
