Test Bank: Ecology 5th Edition
sociological perspective - ANSWERSThe concept that describes the processes of seeing and
understanding the connections between individuals and the broader social contexts in which
they live.
everyday sociology - ANSWERSAn example of understanding social forces that shape individuals'
lives, as demonstrated by Shaheen's experience at the soup kitchen.
sociologist's understanding of poverty - ANSWERSExamining the ways that employment is
structured rather than focusing solely on individual failures.
sociological understanding of homelessness - ANSWERSIncludes factors such as an individual's
social status, local employment structure, and societal stratification, but not personal failures at
locating work.
sociological imagination - ANSWERSA term used by C. Wright Mills to describe a way of viewing
the connections individuals have to their social worlds.
systematic study of society - ANSWERSThe study of the relationship between individuals and
society, known as sociology.
false statement about sociology - ANSWERSThe idea that you have to be a professional
sociologist to look at the world from a sociological perspective.
understanding our lives - ANSWERSSociologists argue that we need to examine the contexts in
which we live to understand our lives.
,topics studied by sociologists - ANSWERSIncludes why people commit crimes, how children
learn about gender, and why homelessness exists, but not how personality develops.
N'Cola's argument about poverty - ANSWERSThe problem with his argument is that it ignores
the context of broader social conditions.
gender and household chores - ANSWERSMaria's paper explores how married couples divide
household chores and argues that gender shapes how couples share housework.
Gender and Housework - ANSWERSThe argument that gender shapes how couples share
housework.
Discipline of Sociology - ANSWERSThe class is a part of sociology.
Research-Based Disciplines - ANSWERSSociology belongs to the social sciences.
Sociologist's Question - ANSWERSHow do different societies define and respond to crime?
Advantages of Majoring in Sociology - ANSWERSA sociology degree is flexible.
Research Question on Homelessness - ANSWERSHow does being homeless impact people's
ability to find work?
Move Toward Modernity - ANSWERSAn increased confidence in religion is NOT a part of the
move toward modernity.
Historical Period of Modernity - ANSWERSThe historical period marked by a shift to urban
industrial economies and increased faith in science and reason is known as modernity.
,Context of Physical Illness Beliefs - ANSWERSMarina lives in a society where physical illness is
viewed as being caused by germs, indicating she is living in modernity.
Concept of Logic and Evidence - ANSWERSScience describes how logic and the systematic
collection of evidence are used to support theories about the natural and social world.
Dominance in Middle Ages - ANSWERSThe Church and its clergy dominated European
intellectual life during the Middle Ages.
Revolution Associated with Enlightenment - ANSWERSThe rise in scientific thought and
declining influence of religion are associated with the cultural revolution.
Definition of Industrialization - ANSWERSIndustrialization is the use of machines to mass
produce items for purchase.
Mass Manufacturing Concept - ANSWERSIndustrialization refers to the use of large-scale
machinery for mass manufacturing of goods for sale.
Kant's Motto - ANSWERSImmanuel Kant was describing modernity with the motto 'Dare to
know'.
Enlightenment Thinkers' Beliefs - ANSWERSEnlightenment thinkers believed that open debate
and the application of reason and science would promote all of the following EXCEPT for
socialism.
Movement to Centralized Cities - ANSWERSThe movement of individuals from rural farming
towns to centralized cities is known as urbanization.
, Monty's Investment Behavior - ANSWERSMonty is a rich man who invests his money in small
businesses.
Monty's role in the bakery scenario - ANSWERScapitalist
First historical event - ANSWERSurbanization
Event not occurring during the Industrial Revolution - ANSWERSthe increased influence of
religion
Revolutions from which sociology emerged - ANSWERScultural
Auguste Comte's foundation of sociological thought - ANSWERSpositivism
Principle of true knowledge - ANSWERSscientific method
Core belief of positivism - ANSWERSKnowledge must be based on evidence
Karl Marx's view of the social world - ANSWERSSociety is shaped by the competing interests of
workers and capitalists
Emile Durkheim's view of the social world - ANSWERSSociety works because there is a collective
understanding of behaviors
Emile Durkheim's term for specialized work - ANSWERSdivision of labor
Meaning of division of labor - ANSWERSIndividuals specialized in jobs that highlighted their
skills
sociological perspective - ANSWERSThe concept that describes the processes of seeing and
understanding the connections between individuals and the broader social contexts in which
they live.
everyday sociology - ANSWERSAn example of understanding social forces that shape individuals'
lives, as demonstrated by Shaheen's experience at the soup kitchen.
sociologist's understanding of poverty - ANSWERSExamining the ways that employment is
structured rather than focusing solely on individual failures.
sociological understanding of homelessness - ANSWERSIncludes factors such as an individual's
social status, local employment structure, and societal stratification, but not personal failures at
locating work.
sociological imagination - ANSWERSA term used by C. Wright Mills to describe a way of viewing
the connections individuals have to their social worlds.
systematic study of society - ANSWERSThe study of the relationship between individuals and
society, known as sociology.
false statement about sociology - ANSWERSThe idea that you have to be a professional
sociologist to look at the world from a sociological perspective.
understanding our lives - ANSWERSSociologists argue that we need to examine the contexts in
which we live to understand our lives.
,topics studied by sociologists - ANSWERSIncludes why people commit crimes, how children
learn about gender, and why homelessness exists, but not how personality develops.
N'Cola's argument about poverty - ANSWERSThe problem with his argument is that it ignores
the context of broader social conditions.
gender and household chores - ANSWERSMaria's paper explores how married couples divide
household chores and argues that gender shapes how couples share housework.
Gender and Housework - ANSWERSThe argument that gender shapes how couples share
housework.
Discipline of Sociology - ANSWERSThe class is a part of sociology.
Research-Based Disciplines - ANSWERSSociology belongs to the social sciences.
Sociologist's Question - ANSWERSHow do different societies define and respond to crime?
Advantages of Majoring in Sociology - ANSWERSA sociology degree is flexible.
Research Question on Homelessness - ANSWERSHow does being homeless impact people's
ability to find work?
Move Toward Modernity - ANSWERSAn increased confidence in religion is NOT a part of the
move toward modernity.
Historical Period of Modernity - ANSWERSThe historical period marked by a shift to urban
industrial economies and increased faith in science and reason is known as modernity.
,Context of Physical Illness Beliefs - ANSWERSMarina lives in a society where physical illness is
viewed as being caused by germs, indicating she is living in modernity.
Concept of Logic and Evidence - ANSWERSScience describes how logic and the systematic
collection of evidence are used to support theories about the natural and social world.
Dominance in Middle Ages - ANSWERSThe Church and its clergy dominated European
intellectual life during the Middle Ages.
Revolution Associated with Enlightenment - ANSWERSThe rise in scientific thought and
declining influence of religion are associated with the cultural revolution.
Definition of Industrialization - ANSWERSIndustrialization is the use of machines to mass
produce items for purchase.
Mass Manufacturing Concept - ANSWERSIndustrialization refers to the use of large-scale
machinery for mass manufacturing of goods for sale.
Kant's Motto - ANSWERSImmanuel Kant was describing modernity with the motto 'Dare to
know'.
Enlightenment Thinkers' Beliefs - ANSWERSEnlightenment thinkers believed that open debate
and the application of reason and science would promote all of the following EXCEPT for
socialism.
Movement to Centralized Cities - ANSWERSThe movement of individuals from rural farming
towns to centralized cities is known as urbanization.
, Monty's Investment Behavior - ANSWERSMonty is a rich man who invests his money in small
businesses.
Monty's role in the bakery scenario - ANSWERScapitalist
First historical event - ANSWERSurbanization
Event not occurring during the Industrial Revolution - ANSWERSthe increased influence of
religion
Revolutions from which sociology emerged - ANSWERScultural
Auguste Comte's foundation of sociological thought - ANSWERSpositivism
Principle of true knowledge - ANSWERSscientific method
Core belief of positivism - ANSWERSKnowledge must be based on evidence
Karl Marx's view of the social world - ANSWERSSociety is shaped by the competing interests of
workers and capitalists
Emile Durkheim's view of the social world - ANSWERSSociety works because there is a collective
understanding of behaviors
Emile Durkheim's term for specialized work - ANSWERSdivision of labor
Meaning of division of labor - ANSWERSIndividuals specialized in jobs that highlighted their
skills
