Bio 200 Lecture 11 Exam Questions
and Answers
Why were prions originally called slow viruses? - ANSWER-the time between
infection and detection is very long
Prion "replication" - ANSWER-misfolded prion protein touches normal protein and
makes it misfolded.
How is the traditional (5 or 6 kingdom) view of the tree of life biased? - ANSWER-
protists are actually paraphyletic and the traditional tree makes it look like all groups
are equal in size. And Archaea and Bacteria are actually very different than the rest.
Three Domain Model - ANSWER-(Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) better b/c it shows
complexity more. Might soon change to 2 domain model though.
LUCA - ANSWER-Last Universal Common Ancestor. All life shares some traits,
indicating existence of LUCA.
Traits shared by all life forms - ANSWER-have plasma membrane bound
cells+ribosomes, semi-conservative DNA replication, use DNA to encode proteins,
use same genetic codes to produce proteins, do transcription/translation, metabolize
through similar pathways.
Key traits common to Bacteria and Archaea - ANSWER-unicellular, binary fission,
unenclosed DNA, circular chromosomes, no organelles, asexual
defining traits of Eukaryotes - ANSWER-multi-cellular, compartmentalized, sexual
(mostly).
How is the new eukaryotic tree different from older views? - ANSWER-includes
protists ( eukaryotes that aren't plants, animals, or fungi)
what is life? - ANSWER-organized, able to replicate itself
virus structure - ANSWER-protein cote (capsid), DNA or RNA, no cytosol, no plasma
membrane
Capsid/Protein coat - ANSWER-contains core that contains nucleotides
Viral hereditary material - ANSWER-DNA or RNA but never both. Circular or linear
genetic material, single or double stranded. But need a host cell in order to replicate.
and Answers
Why were prions originally called slow viruses? - ANSWER-the time between
infection and detection is very long
Prion "replication" - ANSWER-misfolded prion protein touches normal protein and
makes it misfolded.
How is the traditional (5 or 6 kingdom) view of the tree of life biased? - ANSWER-
protists are actually paraphyletic and the traditional tree makes it look like all groups
are equal in size. And Archaea and Bacteria are actually very different than the rest.
Three Domain Model - ANSWER-(Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) better b/c it shows
complexity more. Might soon change to 2 domain model though.
LUCA - ANSWER-Last Universal Common Ancestor. All life shares some traits,
indicating existence of LUCA.
Traits shared by all life forms - ANSWER-have plasma membrane bound
cells+ribosomes, semi-conservative DNA replication, use DNA to encode proteins,
use same genetic codes to produce proteins, do transcription/translation, metabolize
through similar pathways.
Key traits common to Bacteria and Archaea - ANSWER-unicellular, binary fission,
unenclosed DNA, circular chromosomes, no organelles, asexual
defining traits of Eukaryotes - ANSWER-multi-cellular, compartmentalized, sexual
(mostly).
How is the new eukaryotic tree different from older views? - ANSWER-includes
protists ( eukaryotes that aren't plants, animals, or fungi)
what is life? - ANSWER-organized, able to replicate itself
virus structure - ANSWER-protein cote (capsid), DNA or RNA, no cytosol, no plasma
membrane
Capsid/Protein coat - ANSWER-contains core that contains nucleotides
Viral hereditary material - ANSWER-DNA or RNA but never both. Circular or linear
genetic material, single or double stranded. But need a host cell in order to replicate.
