Test Bank - Merrill's Atlas of Radiographic Positioning
and Procedures
Radiography Practice Standards - ANSWERSWritten and maintained by the American Society of
Radiologic Technologists.
Standards of Ethics for radiographers - ANSWERSWritten and maintained by the American
Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
Radiographic images of the hands, wrist, feet, and toes - ANSWERSRoutinely displayed with the
digits positioned toward the ceiling.
Radiographic tabletop cleaning frequency - ANSWERSShould be cleaned after every
procedure/patient.
Easiest method of preventing the spread of microorganisms - ANSWERSHandwashing.
Apparent abnormalities affecting radiographic results - ANSWERSFreckles and moles should not
be recorded by the radiographer in the clinical history.
Causes of involuntary motion - ANSWERSPeristalsis and spasm.
Causes of voluntary motion - ANSWERSNervousness, discomfort, and fear.
Controlling voluntary motion - ANSWERSGiving clear instruction to the patient.
Controlling voluntary motion of infants and children - ANSWERSDecreasing the length of
exposure time.
,Accessory equipment reducing scatter radiation - ANSWERSGrid.
Right or left side marker - ANSWERSA marker indicating the side of the body in radiographic
images.
Patient's name or ID number - ANSWERSIdentification information that must be included on
radiographic images.
Metric conversion of 40 inches - ANSWERS40 inches is equivalent to 102 cm.
Simplest and most common type of compensating filter - ANSWERSWedge.
Most common image receptor general position - ANSWERSLengthwise.
Central or principle beam of x-rays - ANSWERSTermed the central ray (CR).
General goal for central ray placement - ANSWERSPerpendicular to the structure of interest.
Distance from the anode focal spot to the image receptor - ANSWERSSource-to-image receptor
distance (SID).
Factors affected by the SID used for a radiographic image - ANSWERSSpatial resolution,
magnification of the anatomy in the image, patient dose.
Image receptor used in computed radiography IRs - ANSWERSPhotostimulable storage phosphor
imaging plate.
,Blood and body fluid recommendations issuer - ANSWERSCDC.
Age-specific competencies standards issuer - ANSWERSJCAHO.
Factors affected when imaging obese patients - ANSWERSImage quality, ability to transfer safely,
ability to find positioning landmarks.
ALARA concept - ANSWERSStands for as low as reasonably achievable.
Minimum distance of radiation source from the patient - ANSWERSShall not be closer than 12
inches.
Current NCRP recommendations for SSD - ANSWERSShould not be less than 15 inches.
Restriction of the exposure field - ANSWERSCollimation.
Exposure field restriction requirement - ANSWERSMust be restricted to the anatomy of interest.
Side marker placement for injured right hand - ANSWERSThe right (R) marker on the right side
of the patient's right hand.
Right (R) marker - ANSWERSMarker on the right side of the patient's left hand.
Left (L) marker - ANSWERSMarker on either side of the patient's hand.
Shuttering - ANSWERSUsed in DR to provide a black background around the original collimation
edges.
, Radiographs orientation - ANSWERSRadiographs are usually oriented on the display monitor in
an anatomic position.
Hand radiographs perspective - ANSWERSHand radiographs are viewed from the perspective of
the x-ray tube.
Weight limit for examinations - ANSWERSRadiology departments without appropriate
equipment cannot perform examinations on patients who weigh more than 350 lb.
Pre-exposure breathing instructions - ANSWERSThe most common pre-exposure breathing
instructions for radiographic procedures are at the end of inspiration and at the end of
expiration.
Collimation of the x-ray beam - ANSWERSCollimation prompts an increase in radiographic
contrast and a decrease of scatter radiation.
Increase in SID - ANSWERSAn increase in SID results in decreased magnification and increased
spatial resolution.
Involuntary motion - ANSWERSInvoluntary motion includes peristalsis and heartbeat.
Patient interaction essentials - ANSWERSIt is essential that radiographers explain the procedure
to be performed, ensure patients understand what is expected, and obtain clinical history and
observe for abnormalities.
Violation of ARRT Code of Ethics - ANSWERSCollimating larger than the required radiation field
size results in unnecessary patient exposure, increased scatter radiation, and decreased spatial
resolution due to scatter.
and Procedures
Radiography Practice Standards - ANSWERSWritten and maintained by the American Society of
Radiologic Technologists.
Standards of Ethics for radiographers - ANSWERSWritten and maintained by the American
Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
Radiographic images of the hands, wrist, feet, and toes - ANSWERSRoutinely displayed with the
digits positioned toward the ceiling.
Radiographic tabletop cleaning frequency - ANSWERSShould be cleaned after every
procedure/patient.
Easiest method of preventing the spread of microorganisms - ANSWERSHandwashing.
Apparent abnormalities affecting radiographic results - ANSWERSFreckles and moles should not
be recorded by the radiographer in the clinical history.
Causes of involuntary motion - ANSWERSPeristalsis and spasm.
Causes of voluntary motion - ANSWERSNervousness, discomfort, and fear.
Controlling voluntary motion - ANSWERSGiving clear instruction to the patient.
Controlling voluntary motion of infants and children - ANSWERSDecreasing the length of
exposure time.
,Accessory equipment reducing scatter radiation - ANSWERSGrid.
Right or left side marker - ANSWERSA marker indicating the side of the body in radiographic
images.
Patient's name or ID number - ANSWERSIdentification information that must be included on
radiographic images.
Metric conversion of 40 inches - ANSWERS40 inches is equivalent to 102 cm.
Simplest and most common type of compensating filter - ANSWERSWedge.
Most common image receptor general position - ANSWERSLengthwise.
Central or principle beam of x-rays - ANSWERSTermed the central ray (CR).
General goal for central ray placement - ANSWERSPerpendicular to the structure of interest.
Distance from the anode focal spot to the image receptor - ANSWERSSource-to-image receptor
distance (SID).
Factors affected by the SID used for a radiographic image - ANSWERSSpatial resolution,
magnification of the anatomy in the image, patient dose.
Image receptor used in computed radiography IRs - ANSWERSPhotostimulable storage phosphor
imaging plate.
,Blood and body fluid recommendations issuer - ANSWERSCDC.
Age-specific competencies standards issuer - ANSWERSJCAHO.
Factors affected when imaging obese patients - ANSWERSImage quality, ability to transfer safely,
ability to find positioning landmarks.
ALARA concept - ANSWERSStands for as low as reasonably achievable.
Minimum distance of radiation source from the patient - ANSWERSShall not be closer than 12
inches.
Current NCRP recommendations for SSD - ANSWERSShould not be less than 15 inches.
Restriction of the exposure field - ANSWERSCollimation.
Exposure field restriction requirement - ANSWERSMust be restricted to the anatomy of interest.
Side marker placement for injured right hand - ANSWERSThe right (R) marker on the right side
of the patient's right hand.
Right (R) marker - ANSWERSMarker on the right side of the patient's left hand.
Left (L) marker - ANSWERSMarker on either side of the patient's hand.
Shuttering - ANSWERSUsed in DR to provide a black background around the original collimation
edges.
, Radiographs orientation - ANSWERSRadiographs are usually oriented on the display monitor in
an anatomic position.
Hand radiographs perspective - ANSWERSHand radiographs are viewed from the perspective of
the x-ray tube.
Weight limit for examinations - ANSWERSRadiology departments without appropriate
equipment cannot perform examinations on patients who weigh more than 350 lb.
Pre-exposure breathing instructions - ANSWERSThe most common pre-exposure breathing
instructions for radiographic procedures are at the end of inspiration and at the end of
expiration.
Collimation of the x-ray beam - ANSWERSCollimation prompts an increase in radiographic
contrast and a decrease of scatter radiation.
Increase in SID - ANSWERSAn increase in SID results in decreased magnification and increased
spatial resolution.
Involuntary motion - ANSWERSInvoluntary motion includes peristalsis and heartbeat.
Patient interaction essentials - ANSWERSIt is essential that radiographers explain the procedure
to be performed, ensure patients understand what is expected, and obtain clinical history and
observe for abnormalities.
Violation of ARRT Code of Ethics - ANSWERSCollimating larger than the required radiation field
size results in unnecessary patient exposure, increased scatter radiation, and decreased spatial
resolution due to scatter.
