A&P 1- EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-
5)
1. What smaller cavity within the thoracic cavity houses the heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, and
trachea?: mediastinum
2. Which serous membrane covers the abdominal organs?: peritoneum
3. A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides, palms facing forward, is in the: anatomical
position
4. Which directional term indicates the front side of the body?: anterior (ventral)
5. What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body cavity?: cranial and vertebral (spinal) cavities
6. The simplest level of organization in the human body is the cellular level. T OR F: FALSE
7. Which of the following is the correct sequence, from simplest to most com- plex, in the levels of structural
organization of the human body?: chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level
8. In laboratory, you will study the overall structure and shape of the femur bone without the aid of a
microscope. This is a study known as: gross anatomy
9. The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment is termed: -
homeostasis
10. What of the following best summarizes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?:
form follows function
11. Negative feedback loops produce responses in the opposite direction of the initial stimulus while
, A&P 1- EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-
5)
positive feedback loops produce responses in the same direction of the initial stimulus. T OR F: True
12. What predicts the element to which an atom belongs?: total number of protons
13. The four most common elements, comprising 96% of the body's mass, are: oxygen, nitrogen,
hydrogen, carbon
14. What contributes to the calculation of the mass number?: sum of protons and neutrons
15. Atoms that satisfy the octe
rule are said to be .: inert
16. In a solution, the solute dissolves the solvent. T OR F: False
17. Ionic bonds result from: the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal
18. What happens in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions?: Electron exchange occurs.
19. Which of the following represents an exchange reaction?: AB + CD ’AD + BC
, A&P 1- EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-
5)
20. Enzymes bind with substrates at their active sites and are permanently altered by the
binding process. T OR F: False
21. What chemical binds free hydrogen ions in solution?: base
22. What is the function of a buffer?: Butters prevent large swings in pH when an acid or base is added to a solution.
23. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are considered basic or alkaline. T OR F: False
24. Building blocks of
organic molecules are known as .: monomers
25. Which of the following best describes the structure of the plasma mem- brane?: The plasma
membrane is a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell.
26. What makes up the cell membrane?: phospholipids
27. Why is cholesterol a critical component of the plasma membrane?: Cholesterol stabilizes the structure of the
plasma membrane when the temperature changes.
28. A process that requires energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called: active
transport
29. Isotonic: when the concentration of two solutions is the same
30. Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
5)
1. What smaller cavity within the thoracic cavity houses the heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, and
trachea?: mediastinum
2. Which serous membrane covers the abdominal organs?: peritoneum
3. A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides, palms facing forward, is in the: anatomical
position
4. Which directional term indicates the front side of the body?: anterior (ventral)
5. What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body cavity?: cranial and vertebral (spinal) cavities
6. The simplest level of organization in the human body is the cellular level. T OR F: FALSE
7. Which of the following is the correct sequence, from simplest to most com- plex, in the levels of structural
organization of the human body?: chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level
8. In laboratory, you will study the overall structure and shape of the femur bone without the aid of a
microscope. This is a study known as: gross anatomy
9. The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment is termed: -
homeostasis
10. What of the following best summarizes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?:
form follows function
11. Negative feedback loops produce responses in the opposite direction of the initial stimulus while
, A&P 1- EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-
5)
positive feedback loops produce responses in the same direction of the initial stimulus. T OR F: True
12. What predicts the element to which an atom belongs?: total number of protons
13. The four most common elements, comprising 96% of the body's mass, are: oxygen, nitrogen,
hydrogen, carbon
14. What contributes to the calculation of the mass number?: sum of protons and neutrons
15. Atoms that satisfy the octe
rule are said to be .: inert
16. In a solution, the solute dissolves the solvent. T OR F: False
17. Ionic bonds result from: the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal
18. What happens in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions?: Electron exchange occurs.
19. Which of the following represents an exchange reaction?: AB + CD ’AD + BC
, A&P 1- EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-
5)
20. Enzymes bind with substrates at their active sites and are permanently altered by the
binding process. T OR F: False
21. What chemical binds free hydrogen ions in solution?: base
22. What is the function of a buffer?: Butters prevent large swings in pH when an acid or base is added to a solution.
23. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are considered basic or alkaline. T OR F: False
24. Building blocks of
organic molecules are known as .: monomers
25. Which of the following best describes the structure of the plasma mem- brane?: The plasma
membrane is a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell.
26. What makes up the cell membrane?: phospholipids
27. Why is cholesterol a critical component of the plasma membrane?: Cholesterol stabilizes the structure of the
plasma membrane when the temperature changes.
28. A process that requires energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called: active
transport
29. Isotonic: when the concentration of two solutions is the same
30. Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
