, TESTBANK FOR Introducing Intercultural
Communication Global Cultures and Contexts
Fourth Edition by Shuang Liu
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Answers to MCQ and short answer
questions for instructors
Chapter 1: Intercultural communication in a global
community
1. Which of the following statements best describes the idea of ‘global village’ that Marshall
McLuhan originally referred to?
a. It refers to the way in which housing becoming more alike across the world.
b. It refers to the way in which communication technology was bringing remote areas of the
world together.
c. It refers to the way in which the Internet allowed borderless communications.
d. It refers to the way in which societies were becoming increasingly culturally diverse.
Ans: B
2. Which of the following is one of the main reasons for multinational corporations to move
their operations overseas?
a. Cheaper labour costs.
b. Less competition.
c. Less distance to travel to work.
d. Better climate.
Ans: A
3. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the flow of migrant workers?
a. Increased ethnic competition.
b. Conflict in expectations at work.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
c. Higher level of trust between workers of different ethnic backgrounds.
d. Challenge created for the political, cultural and social life of the host society.
Ans: C
4. Some countries tightened entry restrictions for immigrants to control diversity. This is an
illustration of the concern over the threat of ethnic culture on:
a. The mainstream cultural values.
b. The distribution of political power structure.
c. Employment opportunities.
d. All of these.
Ans: D
5. Communicating with unfamiliar cultures does not simply mean finding a translator to
facilitate discussions in a foreign language. To understand the significance of a message
from someone, you do NOT need to:
a. Understand the linguistic system of the language the other person speaks.
b. Understand the values that weigh heavily in that person’s view of the world.
c. Understand what to expect when someone engages in particular communication behaviour.
d. None of these.
Ans: A
6. Cross-cultural adjustment is a two-way process. Which of the following statements is true
about this process?
a. Both the immigrant group and the host nationals undergo psychological and sociological
adjustment.
b. Only migrants undergo cross-cultural adjustment in the host country.
c. The attitude of ethnic communities has a strong influence on the migrants’ cross-cultural
adjustment.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
d. Only the host nationals undergo cross-cultural adjustment because of the presence of
migrants in their country.
Ans: A
7. Ethnic businesses, such as restaurants, take-away shops, grocery stores, have become a
symbol of cultural diversity. Which of the following is NOT identified as a reason for
migrants to set up ethnic businesses?
a. Freedom to be their own boss.
b. Dreams of financial security.
c. To be independent from their relatives.
d. To have autonomy in their choice of work.
Ans: C
8. Multiculturalism is a complex concept. What does multiculturalism refer to at the
descriptive level?
a. People’s tolerance of diversity.
b. People’s acceptance of equal societal participation.
c. Presence of symbols of cultural diversity.
d. Both B and C.
Ans: C
9. Which of the following best describes virtual engagement theory?
a. Virtual engagement is the enactment of information among young people only.
b. Virtual engagement is the social enactment of communication technology.
c. Virtual engagement does not occur in conjunction with other types of offline engagement.
d. Virtual engagement applies to young people but not to older people.
Ans: B
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
10. Which of the following is NOT one of the three different diversity perspectives on
workforces, identified by Ely and Thomas?
a. Integration and learning perspective.
b. Access and legitimacy.
c. Discrimination and fairness.
d. Personality and behaviour.
Ans: D
11. Which of the following statements is a key difference between Malay and North
American employees, as identified by the text?
a. Malay employees value individuality whereas American employees emphasize
interdependence.
b. Malay employees value family harmony whereas American employees emphasize
harmony.
c. Malay employees value respect for seniority whereas American employees emphasize
personal achievements.
d. Malay employees value task orientation whereas American employees emphasize
relationship orientation.
Ans: C
12. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the necessity of intercultural
communication?
a. Reinforcing differences between cultures.
b. Promoting understanding between different groups.
c. Managing diversity in the workplace.
d. Facilitating cross-cultural adjustment of both host nationals and migrants.
Ans: A
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Short answer questions
1. What is the definition of virtual engagement theory?
In her theoretical model, Chewning (2018) defines virtual engagement as the social
enactment of information and communication technology in a relational context where
users connect with social information and resource networks for the purpose of
instigating change, co-creating relationships and contributing to a particular goal. While
virtual engagement can occur in conjunction with other types of offline engagement such
as participating in social activities, the interaction between user and technology is what
makes it virtual engagement. Key components of virtual engagement in Chewning’s
model are categorized into personal, technological and contextual dimensions. The
personal dimension contains individual goals, motivations and capabilities. The
technological dimension, also called technological attributes, consists of network ties,
communication content and interaction process. The contextual dimension is at both
individual and social levels. The process of virtual engagement involves interaction
between the user and technology, and this interaction is always situated in a context.
2. How does the Internet revolution impact business operations? Answer this question by
drawing upon evidence from the textbook.
The Internet revolution, particularly since around 1990, means that a very high
proportion of work-related communication takes place via email, instant messaging,
Skype, video conferencing, mobile phones and social media. For example, work-related
activities such as selection interviewing, service encounters, decision-making meetings
and business negotiations are routinely conducted through mediated, rather than face-to-
face, communication. The pervasive reliance on the Internet for work communication,
along with the increasingly diverse ethnic composition of the workforce, makes
businesses realize the importance of intercultural understanding in workplaces where
people from different ethnic backgrounds work side by side.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
3. How is the term ‘cultural home’ defined? Why is it not necessarily related to the
geographic location?
The concept of cultural home refers to an individual’s sense of belonging to an ethnic,
racial or geographic community with shared traditions and practices (Vivero & Jenkins,
1999). A cultural home provides its members with emotional attachments to a cultural
group as well as communicates a sense of identity and belonging to its members who
share a common history and culture, and even similar physical features. Although a
cultural home is often related closely to a geographical location, a stable location is not
always an essential defining feature of a cultural home. For example, nomadic people
move geographically all the time and their cultural home travels with them. They own no
territory but each community sustains a cultural identity through their language, strong
traditions, rituals, dresses, social structure and way of communication; all of these
characteristics distinguish them from other cultural groups. Thus, the boundaries of
cultural home can be symbolic.
4. How is Guanxi defined and practised in business exchanges involving Chinese partners?
What cultural values underpin the practice of Guanxi?
The concept of guanxi is defined as good relationship or connection with business
partners; it is particularly reflected in business negotiations with Chinese partners. The
Chinese culture views human relationships as long-term, and consequently places great
emphasis on cultivating a good relationship with their business partners prior to any
business transaction. Non-economic factors such as acceptance, face-giving,
complementary social reciprocity, and trust may play a bigger role in influencing
decision-making.
5. Read the case study. Could you provide an example to show how cultural context
influences people’s behavioural responses to government measures during the pandemic?
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Note: Examples are provided in the case study. Students may provide an example
based on their own experience from their own culture or country.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Answers to MCQ and short answer
questions for instructors
Chapter 2: Culture and people
1. In addition to their shared values, beliefs and patterns of behaviours, members of a
particular culture:
a. Share a common history.
b. Share the same dialect.
c. Share a common racial background.
d. Share a common food preference.
Ans: A
2. Culture has been defined differently by scholars from different disciplines, such as
philosophy, anthropology, cultural studies and communication. However, scholars tend to
agree on some common characteristics of culture. They are:
a. Culture is pervasive.
b. Culture is changing.
c. Culture is learned.
d. All of these.
Ans: D
3. Which of the following can define culture at the micro level?
a. Language, ethnicity and sexual orientation.
b. Race, gender and political affiliation.
c. Values and religion.
Communication Global Cultures and Contexts
Fourth Edition by Shuang Liu
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Answers to MCQ and short answer
questions for instructors
Chapter 1: Intercultural communication in a global
community
1. Which of the following statements best describes the idea of ‘global village’ that Marshall
McLuhan originally referred to?
a. It refers to the way in which housing becoming more alike across the world.
b. It refers to the way in which communication technology was bringing remote areas of the
world together.
c. It refers to the way in which the Internet allowed borderless communications.
d. It refers to the way in which societies were becoming increasingly culturally diverse.
Ans: B
2. Which of the following is one of the main reasons for multinational corporations to move
their operations overseas?
a. Cheaper labour costs.
b. Less competition.
c. Less distance to travel to work.
d. Better climate.
Ans: A
3. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the flow of migrant workers?
a. Increased ethnic competition.
b. Conflict in expectations at work.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
c. Higher level of trust between workers of different ethnic backgrounds.
d. Challenge created for the political, cultural and social life of the host society.
Ans: C
4. Some countries tightened entry restrictions for immigrants to control diversity. This is an
illustration of the concern over the threat of ethnic culture on:
a. The mainstream cultural values.
b. The distribution of political power structure.
c. Employment opportunities.
d. All of these.
Ans: D
5. Communicating with unfamiliar cultures does not simply mean finding a translator to
facilitate discussions in a foreign language. To understand the significance of a message
from someone, you do NOT need to:
a. Understand the linguistic system of the language the other person speaks.
b. Understand the values that weigh heavily in that person’s view of the world.
c. Understand what to expect when someone engages in particular communication behaviour.
d. None of these.
Ans: A
6. Cross-cultural adjustment is a two-way process. Which of the following statements is true
about this process?
a. Both the immigrant group and the host nationals undergo psychological and sociological
adjustment.
b. Only migrants undergo cross-cultural adjustment in the host country.
c. The attitude of ethnic communities has a strong influence on the migrants’ cross-cultural
adjustment.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
d. Only the host nationals undergo cross-cultural adjustment because of the presence of
migrants in their country.
Ans: A
7. Ethnic businesses, such as restaurants, take-away shops, grocery stores, have become a
symbol of cultural diversity. Which of the following is NOT identified as a reason for
migrants to set up ethnic businesses?
a. Freedom to be their own boss.
b. Dreams of financial security.
c. To be independent from their relatives.
d. To have autonomy in their choice of work.
Ans: C
8. Multiculturalism is a complex concept. What does multiculturalism refer to at the
descriptive level?
a. People’s tolerance of diversity.
b. People’s acceptance of equal societal participation.
c. Presence of symbols of cultural diversity.
d. Both B and C.
Ans: C
9. Which of the following best describes virtual engagement theory?
a. Virtual engagement is the enactment of information among young people only.
b. Virtual engagement is the social enactment of communication technology.
c. Virtual engagement does not occur in conjunction with other types of offline engagement.
d. Virtual engagement applies to young people but not to older people.
Ans: B
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
10. Which of the following is NOT one of the three different diversity perspectives on
workforces, identified by Ely and Thomas?
a. Integration and learning perspective.
b. Access and legitimacy.
c. Discrimination and fairness.
d. Personality and behaviour.
Ans: D
11. Which of the following statements is a key difference between Malay and North
American employees, as identified by the text?
a. Malay employees value individuality whereas American employees emphasize
interdependence.
b. Malay employees value family harmony whereas American employees emphasize
harmony.
c. Malay employees value respect for seniority whereas American employees emphasize
personal achievements.
d. Malay employees value task orientation whereas American employees emphasize
relationship orientation.
Ans: C
12. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the necessity of intercultural
communication?
a. Reinforcing differences between cultures.
b. Promoting understanding between different groups.
c. Managing diversity in the workplace.
d. Facilitating cross-cultural adjustment of both host nationals and migrants.
Ans: A
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Short answer questions
1. What is the definition of virtual engagement theory?
In her theoretical model, Chewning (2018) defines virtual engagement as the social
enactment of information and communication technology in a relational context where
users connect with social information and resource networks for the purpose of
instigating change, co-creating relationships and contributing to a particular goal. While
virtual engagement can occur in conjunction with other types of offline engagement such
as participating in social activities, the interaction between user and technology is what
makes it virtual engagement. Key components of virtual engagement in Chewning’s
model are categorized into personal, technological and contextual dimensions. The
personal dimension contains individual goals, motivations and capabilities. The
technological dimension, also called technological attributes, consists of network ties,
communication content and interaction process. The contextual dimension is at both
individual and social levels. The process of virtual engagement involves interaction
between the user and technology, and this interaction is always situated in a context.
2. How does the Internet revolution impact business operations? Answer this question by
drawing upon evidence from the textbook.
The Internet revolution, particularly since around 1990, means that a very high
proportion of work-related communication takes place via email, instant messaging,
Skype, video conferencing, mobile phones and social media. For example, work-related
activities such as selection interviewing, service encounters, decision-making meetings
and business negotiations are routinely conducted through mediated, rather than face-to-
face, communication. The pervasive reliance on the Internet for work communication,
along with the increasingly diverse ethnic composition of the workforce, makes
businesses realize the importance of intercultural understanding in workplaces where
people from different ethnic backgrounds work side by side.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
3. How is the term ‘cultural home’ defined? Why is it not necessarily related to the
geographic location?
The concept of cultural home refers to an individual’s sense of belonging to an ethnic,
racial or geographic community with shared traditions and practices (Vivero & Jenkins,
1999). A cultural home provides its members with emotional attachments to a cultural
group as well as communicates a sense of identity and belonging to its members who
share a common history and culture, and even similar physical features. Although a
cultural home is often related closely to a geographical location, a stable location is not
always an essential defining feature of a cultural home. For example, nomadic people
move geographically all the time and their cultural home travels with them. They own no
territory but each community sustains a cultural identity through their language, strong
traditions, rituals, dresses, social structure and way of communication; all of these
characteristics distinguish them from other cultural groups. Thus, the boundaries of
cultural home can be symbolic.
4. How is Guanxi defined and practised in business exchanges involving Chinese partners?
What cultural values underpin the practice of Guanxi?
The concept of guanxi is defined as good relationship or connection with business
partners; it is particularly reflected in business negotiations with Chinese partners. The
Chinese culture views human relationships as long-term, and consequently places great
emphasis on cultivating a good relationship with their business partners prior to any
business transaction. Non-economic factors such as acceptance, face-giving,
complementary social reciprocity, and trust may play a bigger role in influencing
decision-making.
5. Read the case study. Could you provide an example to show how cultural context
influences people’s behavioural responses to government measures during the pandemic?
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Note: Examples are provided in the case study. Students may provide an example
based on their own experience from their own culture or country.
, Lecturer Resources
Liu et al., Introducing Intercultural Communication: Global Cultures and Contexts, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2023
Answers to MCQ and short answer
questions for instructors
Chapter 2: Culture and people
1. In addition to their shared values, beliefs and patterns of behaviours, members of a
particular culture:
a. Share a common history.
b. Share the same dialect.
c. Share a common racial background.
d. Share a common food preference.
Ans: A
2. Culture has been defined differently by scholars from different disciplines, such as
philosophy, anthropology, cultural studies and communication. However, scholars tend to
agree on some common characteristics of culture. They are:
a. Culture is pervasive.
b. Culture is changing.
c. Culture is learned.
d. All of these.
Ans: D
3. Which of the following can define culture at the micro level?
a. Language, ethnicity and sexual orientation.
b. Race, gender and political affiliation.
c. Values and religion.
