TEST BANK
Test Bank for Foundations of Mental Health Care
8th Edition
TEST BANK
,Michelle Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care 8th
Edition
Chapter 01: The History of Mental Care
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled
the irrational soul could be compared with the belief of the more recent
psychological theorist:
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both
within and outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally
ill individuals as human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a
Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush
was the author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p.
4 OBJ: 2 TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more
accurately recorded by professionals. This practice led to for different
abnormal behaviors.
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of
more accurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines,
and any education regarding mental health disorders were not available during this
period.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
5 OBJ: 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate
branch of medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the
French hospital director:
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C
, Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment.
Dorothea Dix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers
wrote the book A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the
President’s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
5 OBJ: 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. In 1841, surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the
United States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public
awareness and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
ANS: D
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals
and is credited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud
introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate
for the treatment of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in
England in the 1800s.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
5. As a direct result of Clifford Mind That Found Itself, the Committee for Mental Hygiene was
formed in 1909 with a focusUon prevention of mental illness and:
a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness
b. Education of caregivers
c. Current treatment options
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness
ANS: D
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable
care he received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book
raised the consciousness of people throughout the country regarding prevention and
removal of the stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms,
education of caregivers, and current treatment options regarding mental illness were
not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental
Hygiene.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall
into a coma that could last as long as 50 hours?
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Insulin therapy
c. Humoral therapy
, d. Amphetamine therapy
ANS: B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s.
Amphetamines were used to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was
used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece and
Rome, was a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of
air, fire, water, and earth.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
8 OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
most often used to treat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Severe depression
d. Violent behavior
ANS: C
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s.
During this period, schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent
behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was discovered as
a treatment for bipolar disorder.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: In the early twentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a
common treatment for violent
behaviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
e. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain
f. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
g. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
h. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain
ANS: C
A frontal lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain are
severed from the thalamus.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. Which class of drugs was introduced in the 1930s for the treatment of depression?
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclic antidepressants
c. MAOIs
d. Amphetamines
ANS: D
Test Bank for Foundations of Mental Health Care
8th Edition
TEST BANK
,Michelle Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care 8th
Edition
Chapter 01: The History of Mental Care
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled
the irrational soul could be compared with the belief of the more recent
psychological theorist:
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both
within and outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally
ill individuals as human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a
Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush
was the author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p.
4 OBJ: 2 TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more
accurately recorded by professionals. This practice led to for different
abnormal behaviors.
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of
more accurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines,
and any education regarding mental health disorders were not available during this
period.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
5 OBJ: 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate
branch of medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the
French hospital director:
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C
, Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment.
Dorothea Dix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers
wrote the book A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the
President’s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
5 OBJ: 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. In 1841, surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the
United States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public
awareness and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
ANS: D
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals
and is credited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud
introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate
for the treatment of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in
England in the 1800s.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
5. As a direct result of Clifford Mind That Found Itself, the Committee for Mental Hygiene was
formed in 1909 with a focusUon prevention of mental illness and:
a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness
b. Education of caregivers
c. Current treatment options
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness
ANS: D
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable
care he received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book
raised the consciousness of people throughout the country regarding prevention and
removal of the stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms,
education of caregivers, and current treatment options regarding mental illness were
not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental
Hygiene.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 4 TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall
into a coma that could last as long as 50 hours?
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Insulin therapy
c. Humoral therapy
, d. Amphetamine therapy
ANS: B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s.
Amphetamines were used to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was
used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece and
Rome, was a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of
air, fire, water, and earth.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
8 OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
most often used to treat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Severe depression
d. Violent behavior
ANS: C
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s.
During this period, schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent
behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was discovered as
a treatment for bipolar disorder.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: In the early twentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a
common treatment for violent
behaviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
e. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain
f. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
g. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
h. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain
ANS: C
A frontal lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain are
severed from the thalamus.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.
6 OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health
Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. Which class of drugs was introduced in the 1930s for the treatment of depression?
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclic antidepressants
c. MAOIs
d. Amphetamines
ANS: D
