NURS 665 EXAM 2 PRACTICE EXAM ALL
COMBINED STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS NEWLY MODIFIED EXAM
TESTED AND APPROVED
Alprazolam's common side effects --ANSWER--Changes in appetite (decrease
or increase); weight gain; reduced mucosal production leading to xerostomia
and constipation; confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment; memory
impairment; irritability
Chlordiazepoxide's common side effects --ANSWER--Edema; constipation;
nausea; confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment; memory impairment;
irritability
Clonazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Depression; ataxia; dizziness;
confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment; memory impairment; irritability;
upper respiratory infection; respiratory depression
Diazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Hypotension; ataxia; dizziness;
confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment
Lorazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Depression; ataxia; dizziness;
confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment
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,Oxazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Dizziness; headache; sedation
Alprazolam's occasional side effects --ANSWER--Decreased libido
Chlordiazepoxide's occasional side effects --ANSWER--Irregular menses;
decreased libido
Clonazepam's occasional side effects --ANSWER--ideation
Diazepam's occasional side effects --ANSWER--Muscle weakness; respiratory
depression; rash and diarrhea can occur with rectal gel use
Lorazepam's occasional side effects (especially in elderly patients) --ANSWER-
-weakness
Alprazolam's rare side effects --ANSWER--Stevens-Johnson Syndrome; liver
failure
Chlordiazepoxide's rare side effects --ANSWER--Agranulocytosis; liver failure
Diazepam's rare side effects --ANSWER--Neutropenia
Lorazepam's rare side effects --ANSWER--Acidosis
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,Benzodiazepines (class) --ANSWER--Their clinical effects result from
interactions with GABA-receptor complexes at binding domains located close
to or coupled to benzodiazepine receptors.
Benzodiazepines FDA approved indications --ANSWER--Generalized anxiety
disorder (GAD); Social phobia; Panic disorder; Insomnia; Status
epilepticus/seizures; Premedication for anesthetic procedures
Benzodiazepines NON-FDA APPROVED USES --ANSWER--Agitation;
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms; Muscle spasms; Sedation; Restless legs
syndrome; Sleepwalking disorder
Benzodiazepine Mechanism of action --ANSWER--enhances the effect of the
neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor;
resulting in sedative; hypnotic (sleep-inducing); anxiolytic (anti-anxiety);
anticonvulsant; and muscle relaxant properties.
Benzodiazepine Indications for use --ANSWER--Can be used for insomnia;
anxiety disorder; panic disorder; social phobia; mixed anxiety-depressive
disorder; bipolar I disorder; akathisia; Parkinson's disease; and overdose.
Benzodiazepine General Side effects due to their inhibitory effects on brain
neurotransmission --ANSWER--Anterograde amnesia; Confusion; Dizziness;
Depression; Sedation
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, Benzodiazepine Withdrawal symptoms --ANSWER--seizures; hallucinations;
agitation; tremors are most common when using benzodiazepines with shorter
half-lives
Benzodiazepine Patient education --ANSWER--Mixing them with alcohol or
other substances can be fatal.
Alprazolam (Xanax®) dosing --ANSWER--initial 0.25 mg two to three times a
day; the dose can be increased by 0.5-1 mg daily every 3-4 days; the usual
therapeutic dose is 2-3 mg total/day; with twice daily or three times a day
dosing. The maximum dose is 4 mg/day.
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium®) dosing --ANSWER--initial oral dose is 5-10 mg
daily to twice a day; the dose can be increased by 5 mg daily; the usual
therapeutic dose is 30-40 mg total/day; with twice daily or three times a day
dosing. An intramuscular dose (not available in the U.S.) of 50-100 mg can be
given every 4 hours if needed for alcohol withdrawal.
Clonazepam (Klonopin®) dosing --ANSWER--The initial dose is 0.25 mg daily
to twice a day; the dose can be increased by 0.125-0.25 mg daily or two times a
day every 2-3 days; the usual therapeutic dose is 1-4 mg total/day in divided
doses.
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COMBINED STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS NEWLY MODIFIED EXAM
TESTED AND APPROVED
Alprazolam's common side effects --ANSWER--Changes in appetite (decrease
or increase); weight gain; reduced mucosal production leading to xerostomia
and constipation; confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment; memory
impairment; irritability
Chlordiazepoxide's common side effects --ANSWER--Edema; constipation;
nausea; confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment; memory impairment;
irritability
Clonazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Depression; ataxia; dizziness;
confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment; memory impairment; irritability;
upper respiratory infection; respiratory depression
Diazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Hypotension; ataxia; dizziness;
confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment
Lorazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Depression; ataxia; dizziness;
confusion; sedation; cognitive impairment
Page 1 of 53
,Oxazepam's common side effects --ANSWER--Dizziness; headache; sedation
Alprazolam's occasional side effects --ANSWER--Decreased libido
Chlordiazepoxide's occasional side effects --ANSWER--Irregular menses;
decreased libido
Clonazepam's occasional side effects --ANSWER--ideation
Diazepam's occasional side effects --ANSWER--Muscle weakness; respiratory
depression; rash and diarrhea can occur with rectal gel use
Lorazepam's occasional side effects (especially in elderly patients) --ANSWER-
-weakness
Alprazolam's rare side effects --ANSWER--Stevens-Johnson Syndrome; liver
failure
Chlordiazepoxide's rare side effects --ANSWER--Agranulocytosis; liver failure
Diazepam's rare side effects --ANSWER--Neutropenia
Lorazepam's rare side effects --ANSWER--Acidosis
Page 2 of 53
,Benzodiazepines (class) --ANSWER--Their clinical effects result from
interactions with GABA-receptor complexes at binding domains located close
to or coupled to benzodiazepine receptors.
Benzodiazepines FDA approved indications --ANSWER--Generalized anxiety
disorder (GAD); Social phobia; Panic disorder; Insomnia; Status
epilepticus/seizures; Premedication for anesthetic procedures
Benzodiazepines NON-FDA APPROVED USES --ANSWER--Agitation;
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms; Muscle spasms; Sedation; Restless legs
syndrome; Sleepwalking disorder
Benzodiazepine Mechanism of action --ANSWER--enhances the effect of the
neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor;
resulting in sedative; hypnotic (sleep-inducing); anxiolytic (anti-anxiety);
anticonvulsant; and muscle relaxant properties.
Benzodiazepine Indications for use --ANSWER--Can be used for insomnia;
anxiety disorder; panic disorder; social phobia; mixed anxiety-depressive
disorder; bipolar I disorder; akathisia; Parkinson's disease; and overdose.
Benzodiazepine General Side effects due to their inhibitory effects on brain
neurotransmission --ANSWER--Anterograde amnesia; Confusion; Dizziness;
Depression; Sedation
Page 3 of 53
, Benzodiazepine Withdrawal symptoms --ANSWER--seizures; hallucinations;
agitation; tremors are most common when using benzodiazepines with shorter
half-lives
Benzodiazepine Patient education --ANSWER--Mixing them with alcohol or
other substances can be fatal.
Alprazolam (Xanax®) dosing --ANSWER--initial 0.25 mg two to three times a
day; the dose can be increased by 0.5-1 mg daily every 3-4 days; the usual
therapeutic dose is 2-3 mg total/day; with twice daily or three times a day
dosing. The maximum dose is 4 mg/day.
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium®) dosing --ANSWER--initial oral dose is 5-10 mg
daily to twice a day; the dose can be increased by 5 mg daily; the usual
therapeutic dose is 30-40 mg total/day; with twice daily or three times a day
dosing. An intramuscular dose (not available in the U.S.) of 50-100 mg can be
given every 4 hours if needed for alcohol withdrawal.
Clonazepam (Klonopin®) dosing --ANSWER--The initial dose is 0.25 mg daily
to twice a day; the dose can be increased by 0.125-0.25 mg daily or two times a
day every 2-3 days; the usual therapeutic dose is 1-4 mg total/day in divided
doses.
Page 4 of 53
