Nutritional Assessment 7th Edition
The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the epidermal
layer of skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The epidermis is:
a.
Highly vascular.
b.
Thick and tough.
c.
Thin and nonstratified.
d.
Replaced every 4 weeks. - ANSWERSANS: D
The epidermis is thin yet tough, replaced every 4 weeks, avascular, and stratified into several
zones.
The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the dermis layer
of skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The dermis:
a.
Contains mostly fat cells.
b.
Consists mostly of keratin.
c.
Is replaced every 4 weeks.
d.
Contains sensory receptors. - ANSWERSANS: D
The dermis consists mostly of collagen, has resilient elastic tissue that allows the skin to stretch,
and contains nerves, sensory receptors, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. It is not replaced
every 4 weeks.
,The nurse is examining a patient who tells the nurse, "I sure sweat a lot, especially on my face
and feet but it doesn't have an odor." The nurse knows that this condition could be related to:
a.
Eccrine glands.
b.
Apocrine glands.
c.
Disorder of the stratum corneum.
d.
Disorder of the stratum germinativum. - ANSWERSANS: A
The eccrine glands are coiled tubules that directly open onto the skin surface and produce a
dilute saline solution called sweat. Apocrine glands are primarily located in the axillae,
anogenital area, nipples, and naval area and mix with bacterial flora to produce the
characteristic musky body odor. The patient's statement is not related to disorders of the
stratum corneum or the stratum germinativum.
A newborn infant is in the clinic for a well-baby checkup. The nurse observes the infant for the
possibility of fluid loss because of which of these factors?
a.
Subcutaneous fat deposits are high in the newborn.
b.
Sebaceous glands are overproductive in the newborn.
c.
The newborn's skin is more permeable than that of the adult.
d.
The amount of vernix caseosa dramatically rises in the newborn. - ANSWERSANS: C
,The newborn's skin is thin, smooth, and elastic and is relatively more permeable than that of
the adult; consequently, the infant is at greater risk for fluid loss. The subcutaneous layer in the
infant is inefficient, not thick, and the sebaceous glands are present but decrease in size and
production. Vernix caseosa is not produced after birth.
The nurse is bathing an 80-year-old man and notices that his skin is wrinkled, thin, lax, and dry.
This finding would be related to which factor in the older adult?
a.
Increased vascularity of the skin
b.
Increased numbers of sweat and sebaceous glands
c.
An increase in elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat
d.
An increased loss of elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat - ANSWERSANS: D
An accumulation of factors place the aging person at risk for skin disease and breakdown: the
thinning of the skin, a decrease in vascularity and nutrients, the loss of protective cushioning of
the subcutaneous layer, a lifetime of environmental trauma to skin, the social changes of aging,
a increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and the chance of immobility.
During the aging process, the hair can look gray or white and begin to feel thin and fine. The
nurse knows that this occurs because of a decrease in the number of functioning:
a.
Metrocytes.
b.
Fungacytes.
c.
Phagocytes.
d.
, Melanocytes. - ANSWERSANS: D
In the aging hair matrix, the number of functioning melanocytes decreases; as a result, the hair
looks gray or white and feels thin and fine. The other options are not correct.
During an examination, the nurse finds that a patient has excessive dryness of the skin. The best
term to describe this condition is:
a.
Xerosis.
b.
Pruritus.
c.
Alopecia.
d.
Seborrhea. - ANSWERSANS: A
Xerosis is the term used to describe skin that is excessively dry. Pruritus refers to itching,
alopecia refers to hair loss, and seborrhea refers to oily skin.
A 22-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of severe sunburn and states, "I was out in
the sun for just a couple of minutes." The nurse begins a medication review with her, paying
special attention to which medication class?
a.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for pain
b.
Tetracyclines for acne
c.
Proton pump inhibitors for heartburn
d.
Thyroid replacement hormone for hypothyroidism - ANSWERSANS: B
The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the epidermal
layer of skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The epidermis is:
a.
Highly vascular.
b.
Thick and tough.
c.
Thin and nonstratified.
d.
Replaced every 4 weeks. - ANSWERSANS: D
The epidermis is thin yet tough, replaced every 4 weeks, avascular, and stratified into several
zones.
The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the dermis layer
of skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The dermis:
a.
Contains mostly fat cells.
b.
Consists mostly of keratin.
c.
Is replaced every 4 weeks.
d.
Contains sensory receptors. - ANSWERSANS: D
The dermis consists mostly of collagen, has resilient elastic tissue that allows the skin to stretch,
and contains nerves, sensory receptors, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. It is not replaced
every 4 weeks.
,The nurse is examining a patient who tells the nurse, "I sure sweat a lot, especially on my face
and feet but it doesn't have an odor." The nurse knows that this condition could be related to:
a.
Eccrine glands.
b.
Apocrine glands.
c.
Disorder of the stratum corneum.
d.
Disorder of the stratum germinativum. - ANSWERSANS: A
The eccrine glands are coiled tubules that directly open onto the skin surface and produce a
dilute saline solution called sweat. Apocrine glands are primarily located in the axillae,
anogenital area, nipples, and naval area and mix with bacterial flora to produce the
characteristic musky body odor. The patient's statement is not related to disorders of the
stratum corneum or the stratum germinativum.
A newborn infant is in the clinic for a well-baby checkup. The nurse observes the infant for the
possibility of fluid loss because of which of these factors?
a.
Subcutaneous fat deposits are high in the newborn.
b.
Sebaceous glands are overproductive in the newborn.
c.
The newborn's skin is more permeable than that of the adult.
d.
The amount of vernix caseosa dramatically rises in the newborn. - ANSWERSANS: C
,The newborn's skin is thin, smooth, and elastic and is relatively more permeable than that of
the adult; consequently, the infant is at greater risk for fluid loss. The subcutaneous layer in the
infant is inefficient, not thick, and the sebaceous glands are present but decrease in size and
production. Vernix caseosa is not produced after birth.
The nurse is bathing an 80-year-old man and notices that his skin is wrinkled, thin, lax, and dry.
This finding would be related to which factor in the older adult?
a.
Increased vascularity of the skin
b.
Increased numbers of sweat and sebaceous glands
c.
An increase in elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat
d.
An increased loss of elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat - ANSWERSANS: D
An accumulation of factors place the aging person at risk for skin disease and breakdown: the
thinning of the skin, a decrease in vascularity and nutrients, the loss of protective cushioning of
the subcutaneous layer, a lifetime of environmental trauma to skin, the social changes of aging,
a increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and the chance of immobility.
During the aging process, the hair can look gray or white and begin to feel thin and fine. The
nurse knows that this occurs because of a decrease in the number of functioning:
a.
Metrocytes.
b.
Fungacytes.
c.
Phagocytes.
d.
, Melanocytes. - ANSWERSANS: D
In the aging hair matrix, the number of functioning melanocytes decreases; as a result, the hair
looks gray or white and feels thin and fine. The other options are not correct.
During an examination, the nurse finds that a patient has excessive dryness of the skin. The best
term to describe this condition is:
a.
Xerosis.
b.
Pruritus.
c.
Alopecia.
d.
Seborrhea. - ANSWERSANS: A
Xerosis is the term used to describe skin that is excessively dry. Pruritus refers to itching,
alopecia refers to hair loss, and seborrhea refers to oily skin.
A 22-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of severe sunburn and states, "I was out in
the sun for just a couple of minutes." The nurse begins a medication review with her, paying
special attention to which medication class?
a.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for pain
b.
Tetracyclines for acne
c.
Proton pump inhibitors for heartburn
d.
Thyroid replacement hormone for hypothyroidism - ANSWERSANS: B
