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An 80 year old female presents to the ED with mental
status changes after her neighbors found her this morning
wandering in the stairwell. Patient was last seen normal 4
days ago and has no medical problems. On arrival to the
ED, she is agitated and confused. Vital signs include RR
of 20, HR of 100, BP of 90/50, and temperature of 40.6
Celsius. Pt is oriented to person only and is inattentive to
exam, but appears to move all extremities symmetrically.
She does not follow commands. Mucous membranes are
dry and skin is dry and hot. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
,Answers:
1.Encephalitis
2.Heat stroke
3.Thyroid storm
4.Serotonin syndrome - ANSWER-2.Heat stroke
A 55 year old male, who has been missing for several
days in wintertime, is found in a forested area several
miles away from his house. He is brought to the ED where
he is found to have a core temperature of 27 degrees
Celcius. He clearly has diminished mental capacity. His
,initial ECG demonstrates atrial fibrillation with a ventricular
rate of 110. Which of the following is the best treatment
option?
Answers:
1.Start calcium channel blockage
2.Apply a Bair Hugger
3.Administer warm IV fluids
4.Immerse in a warm water bath at 40 Celcius - ANSWER-
3.Administer warm IV fluids
, A 48 year old farmer is plowing his field when a
thunderstorm rapidly overcomes him. Drivers on a nearby
highway see him struck by lightening. You respond to the
scene with EMS. What is the least likely finding on
physical exam?
Answers:
1.respiratory arrest
2.cardiac asystole
3.extensive skin burns
4.Glascow Coma Score of 3 - ANSWER-3.extensive skin
burns