NURS 355 EXAM III GERD QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse recognizes that
an expected outcome of the medical regimen has been achieved when which of the
following occurs? - The client maintains an ideal body weight
A nurse provides feeding instructions to a mother of an infant diagnosed with
gastroesophageal reflux disease. To assist in reducing the episodes of emesis, the
nurse tells the mother to: - Thicken the feedings by adding rice cereal to the formula can
reduce episodes of vomiting (emesis)
Adverse effects of PPI: - Increased risk of bone fractures
Avoid PPI in pregnant women, breastfeeding, and watch out for rebound hyperacidity
Avoid or reduce acidic beverages such as: - Colas
Red wine
Orange juice
Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to the lower esophageal sphincter
relaxing. What condition is this? - GERD
Diabetic patients, patients w/ gastric bypass or weight loss surgery, or at risk for B12
deficiency should watch out for these drugs: - Chronic use of PPI's and H2 blockers
Diet teaching for patients with GERD: - Avoid chocolate, peppermint, alcohol, caffeine,
fatty foods, smoking as they reduce the pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter, and
promote reflux
Drugs that are available over the counter? - H2 blocker drugs
Foods that INCREASE LES pressure = decreased reflux: - Nonfat milk
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) weakens the lower esophageal sphincter,
predisposing older persons to risk for impaired swallowing. In managing the symptoms
associated with GERD, the nurse should assign the highest priority to which of the
following interventions? - Eating small frequent meals, and remain upright for atleast 30
minutes after eating
GERD can lead to two conditions: - Esophagitis
Barrett's syndrome
GERD stands for: - Gastroesophageal Reflux
, Heartburn = pyrosis
H2 Blockers (histamine blocker)
(long duration) - Reduces gastric acid production., and can last up to 8 hours
Heartburn occurs when LES pressure is decreased. What medication provides quick
relief of heartburn? - Antacids
How to diagnose GERD? - GE Reflux Scan. A scan in which the patient swallows a
"tracer cocktail"
How to prevent gastric distention - 1. Eat smaller, frequent meals
2. Avoid late evening meals
3. Take fluids between meals rather than with meals
How to PREVENT reflux? - Eating smaller, frequent meals throughout the day and limit
fluids to prevent distention of stomach
How to treat GERD (non-pharmacological)? - Elevate HOB
Sleep: lie on left side
Smoking cessation
Maintain healthy weight
Exercise (avoid crunches, sit-ups)
Wear loose clothing
Increase intraabdominal pressure can cause: -
Interventions for patients with acute symptoms of GERD? - 1. Elevate HOB 30 degrees,
using 4 to 6 pillows
2. Avoid supine position after meals
3. Avoid foods that cause reflux
Mechanism of action of antacids?
(short duration) - Neutralize stomach acid, so there is no acid to go up into esophagus.
Relieve GI discomfort such as heartburn
Non-bloody diarrhea - Crohn's disease
Pain during that night that is often relieved by eating food. What is this? - Duodenal
ulcer
Patient's with GERD can develop pulmonary symptoms such as: - Coughing
Wheezing
Dyspnea
AND ANSWERS
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse recognizes that
an expected outcome of the medical regimen has been achieved when which of the
following occurs? - The client maintains an ideal body weight
A nurse provides feeding instructions to a mother of an infant diagnosed with
gastroesophageal reflux disease. To assist in reducing the episodes of emesis, the
nurse tells the mother to: - Thicken the feedings by adding rice cereal to the formula can
reduce episodes of vomiting (emesis)
Adverse effects of PPI: - Increased risk of bone fractures
Avoid PPI in pregnant women, breastfeeding, and watch out for rebound hyperacidity
Avoid or reduce acidic beverages such as: - Colas
Red wine
Orange juice
Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to the lower esophageal sphincter
relaxing. What condition is this? - GERD
Diabetic patients, patients w/ gastric bypass or weight loss surgery, or at risk for B12
deficiency should watch out for these drugs: - Chronic use of PPI's and H2 blockers
Diet teaching for patients with GERD: - Avoid chocolate, peppermint, alcohol, caffeine,
fatty foods, smoking as they reduce the pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter, and
promote reflux
Drugs that are available over the counter? - H2 blocker drugs
Foods that INCREASE LES pressure = decreased reflux: - Nonfat milk
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) weakens the lower esophageal sphincter,
predisposing older persons to risk for impaired swallowing. In managing the symptoms
associated with GERD, the nurse should assign the highest priority to which of the
following interventions? - Eating small frequent meals, and remain upright for atleast 30
minutes after eating
GERD can lead to two conditions: - Esophagitis
Barrett's syndrome
GERD stands for: - Gastroesophageal Reflux
, Heartburn = pyrosis
H2 Blockers (histamine blocker)
(long duration) - Reduces gastric acid production., and can last up to 8 hours
Heartburn occurs when LES pressure is decreased. What medication provides quick
relief of heartburn? - Antacids
How to diagnose GERD? - GE Reflux Scan. A scan in which the patient swallows a
"tracer cocktail"
How to prevent gastric distention - 1. Eat smaller, frequent meals
2. Avoid late evening meals
3. Take fluids between meals rather than with meals
How to PREVENT reflux? - Eating smaller, frequent meals throughout the day and limit
fluids to prevent distention of stomach
How to treat GERD (non-pharmacological)? - Elevate HOB
Sleep: lie on left side
Smoking cessation
Maintain healthy weight
Exercise (avoid crunches, sit-ups)
Wear loose clothing
Increase intraabdominal pressure can cause: -
Interventions for patients with acute symptoms of GERD? - 1. Elevate HOB 30 degrees,
using 4 to 6 pillows
2. Avoid supine position after meals
3. Avoid foods that cause reflux
Mechanism of action of antacids?
(short duration) - Neutralize stomach acid, so there is no acid to go up into esophagus.
Relieve GI discomfort such as heartburn
Non-bloody diarrhea - Crohn's disease
Pain during that night that is often relieved by eating food. What is this? - Duodenal
ulcer
Patient's with GERD can develop pulmonary symptoms such as: - Coughing
Wheezing
Dyspnea
