I HUMAN FM CASE 31: 66-YEAR-OLD FEMALE
WITH SHORTNESS OF BREATH NEW
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS NEW MODIFIED
2025/2026 LATEST
What type of medication has renal protective effects in diabetics in
addition to lowering blood pressure? - ANSWER- ACE inhibitors(ex:
ramipril)
What type of medication works synergistically with the ACE inhibitor
and therefore an effective addition for blood pressure control, though
it can also increase blood sugar? - ANSWER- Thiazide diuretics( ex:
hydrochlorothiazide) ___________ is a good choice for an oral
hypoglycemic given overweight status, although the use of insulin
mitigates the _______ advantage of not causing weight gain -
ANSWER- Metformin
What is the recommendation for aspirin usage in CAD? - ANSWER-
The USPSTF recommends initiating low-dose aspirin use for the
primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal
Page 1 of 12
, cancer (CRC) in adults aged 50 to 59 years who have a 10% or
greater 10-year CVD risk, are not at increased risk for bleeding, have
a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose
aspirin daily for at least 10 years.
First line therapy for lowering LDL cholesterol and reducing ASCVD
risk in patients with diabetes. - ANSWER- Statin(atorvastatin)
What are the physical exam findings for CHF? - ANSWER- 1. Jugular
venous distention
2. Point of maximal impulse (PMI) that is laterally displaced from the
midclavicular line towards the axillary line
3. S3 from rapid ventricular filling or poor left ventricular functioning
4. Enlarged liver, hepato-jugular reflux (distention of the jugular vein
upon manual pressure on the liver), and distention and shifting
dullness indicating ascites
5. Lower extremity edema and check pulses
Sacral edema
6.Crackles in the lung bases and dullness to percussion
Page 2 of 12
WITH SHORTNESS OF BREATH NEW
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS NEW MODIFIED
2025/2026 LATEST
What type of medication has renal protective effects in diabetics in
addition to lowering blood pressure? - ANSWER- ACE inhibitors(ex:
ramipril)
What type of medication works synergistically with the ACE inhibitor
and therefore an effective addition for blood pressure control, though
it can also increase blood sugar? - ANSWER- Thiazide diuretics( ex:
hydrochlorothiazide) ___________ is a good choice for an oral
hypoglycemic given overweight status, although the use of insulin
mitigates the _______ advantage of not causing weight gain -
ANSWER- Metformin
What is the recommendation for aspirin usage in CAD? - ANSWER-
The USPSTF recommends initiating low-dose aspirin use for the
primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal
Page 1 of 12
, cancer (CRC) in adults aged 50 to 59 years who have a 10% or
greater 10-year CVD risk, are not at increased risk for bleeding, have
a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose
aspirin daily for at least 10 years.
First line therapy for lowering LDL cholesterol and reducing ASCVD
risk in patients with diabetes. - ANSWER- Statin(atorvastatin)
What are the physical exam findings for CHF? - ANSWER- 1. Jugular
venous distention
2. Point of maximal impulse (PMI) that is laterally displaced from the
midclavicular line towards the axillary line
3. S3 from rapid ventricular filling or poor left ventricular functioning
4. Enlarged liver, hepato-jugular reflux (distention of the jugular vein
upon manual pressure on the liver), and distention and shifting
dullness indicating ascites
5. Lower extremity edema and check pulses
Sacral edema
6.Crackles in the lung bases and dullness to percussion
Page 2 of 12
