Nursing 212 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
10-guided principles for person-centered care Correct Answer
· All team members are considered caregivers.
· Care is based on continuous healing relationships.
· Care is customized and reflects patient needs, values, and
choices.
· Knowledge and information are freely shared between and
among patients, care partners, physicians, and other caregivers.
· Care is provided in a healing environment of comfort, peace,
and support.
· Families and friends of the patient are considered an essential
part of the care team.
· Patient safety is a visible priority.
· Transparency is the rule in the care of the patient.
· All caregivers cooperate with one another through a common
focus on the best interests and personal goals of the patient.
· The patient is the source of control for their care.
A client diagnosed with lung cancer has been given a prognosis
of 3 to 4 months of life. The nurse discusses hospice care with
the client and family. Which aspect of the client's health status
indicates that hospice care is appropriate?
a. The client has a life expectancy of less than 6 months
b. The client has a diagnosis of metastatic cancer
c. The client does not have family or a support system to provide
care
d. The client wishes to treat disease with complementary
alternative medicine Correct Answer A. The client with a life
expectancy of 3 to 4 months is a candidate for hospice care.
Hospice care provides support and services to clients at the end
,of life (with a life expectancy of less than 6 months) and their
families. The client with metastatic cancer may be a candidate,
but only after further treatment is determined to be futile as not
all metastatic cancers are terminal. Hospice can be implemented
with or without a support system. Hospice is not considered
alternative medicine but is a philosophy of providing comfort
care and death with dignity at the end of life
A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed
insulin therapy in conjunction with an oral agent because the
client has been having trouble controlling blood sugar levels
with an oral agent alone. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan
for this client. Which intervention would the nurse include in the
teaching plan to address the psychomotor domain?
a. Describing the signs and symptoms of low blood sugar
b. Explaining what to do if hypoglycemia occurs
c. Reviewing with the client appropriate foods to eat
d. Demonstrating the technique for insulin self-injection
Correct Answer d. The psychomotor domain involves skill
performance. In this case, demonstrating the insulin self-
injection technique would apply. Describing signs and
symptoms, explaining what to do if hypoglycemia occurs, and
reviewing appropriate food choices are appropriate for the
cognitive domain.
A client is considering transfer into an extended-care facility.
What services will be provided in this setting? Select all that
apply.
a. Assistance with activities of daily living
b. Immediate care after a surgical procedure
c. Assistance for mental disability
,d. Nonmedical care for chronic illness
e. Day care meals and services Correct Answer a, c, d. Acute
or immediate postoperative care is a specific need, which is
completed at the facility where it was performed. Day care
meals and services are separate services and are not provided to
residents in a long-term care facility. Long-term or extended
care facilities help with activities of daily living, assistance for
mental disability, and nonmedical care for chronic illness who
are unable to provide it to themselves.
A client is diagnosed with hypertension, placed on a low-sodium
diet, and given smoking cessation literature. The nurse observes
the client eating from a fast-food restaurant bag a family
member brought in. The client also states, "I don't think I can do
this." What is the nurse's first objective when implementing care
for this client?
a. Explain the effects of a high-salt diet and smoking on blood
pressure.
b. Identify what barriers the client feels are preventing
adherence with the plan.
c. Collaborate with other health care professionals about the
client's treatment.
d. Change the nursing care plan immediately because it cannot
be met. Correct Answer B. The nurse must first identify why
the client is not following the therapy before collaboration with
other health care professionals or a change in the nursing care
plan can be initiated. Simply explaining the effects of a high-salt
diet and smoking on the blood pressure may not address the
underlying cause of why the client is choosing not to follow the
recommended care.
, A nurse is formulating a clinical question in PICOT format.
What does the letter I represent?
a. Comparison to another similar individual
b. Specific identification of the purpose of the study
c. Explicit descriptions of the population or individual
d. More defined intervention of interest or predicting factor
Correct Answer D. The I in the PICOT format represents the
intervention of interest, P represents an explicit description of
the patient population of interest, C represents the comparison,
O stands for the outcome, and T stands for the time.
A nurse is providing care to an older adult client diagnosed with
heart disease. The nurse uses the nursing process to provide
individualized care using the actions listed below. Place the
actions in the order that the nurse would most likely complete
them using the nursing process (place from first to last action).
a. identifies risk for fluid volume excess
b. obtains the client's vital signs
c. develops a realistic goal for monitoring fluid balance
d. prepares an individualized strategy for addressing risk
e. determines that the client's fluid balance is stabilized
f. obtains the client's weight daily Correct Answer b, a, c, d, f,
e. When using the nursing process, the nurse follows the steps of
assessment (obtaining vital signs), diagnosis (identifying the risk
for fluid volume excess), outcome identification (developing
realistic and measurable goals), planning (preparing a client plan
of care), implementation (carrying out the interventions to
achieve the goals), and evaluation (judging the effectiveness of
the interventions).
10-guided principles for person-centered care Correct Answer
· All team members are considered caregivers.
· Care is based on continuous healing relationships.
· Care is customized and reflects patient needs, values, and
choices.
· Knowledge and information are freely shared between and
among patients, care partners, physicians, and other caregivers.
· Care is provided in a healing environment of comfort, peace,
and support.
· Families and friends of the patient are considered an essential
part of the care team.
· Patient safety is a visible priority.
· Transparency is the rule in the care of the patient.
· All caregivers cooperate with one another through a common
focus on the best interests and personal goals of the patient.
· The patient is the source of control for their care.
A client diagnosed with lung cancer has been given a prognosis
of 3 to 4 months of life. The nurse discusses hospice care with
the client and family. Which aspect of the client's health status
indicates that hospice care is appropriate?
a. The client has a life expectancy of less than 6 months
b. The client has a diagnosis of metastatic cancer
c. The client does not have family or a support system to provide
care
d. The client wishes to treat disease with complementary
alternative medicine Correct Answer A. The client with a life
expectancy of 3 to 4 months is a candidate for hospice care.
Hospice care provides support and services to clients at the end
,of life (with a life expectancy of less than 6 months) and their
families. The client with metastatic cancer may be a candidate,
but only after further treatment is determined to be futile as not
all metastatic cancers are terminal. Hospice can be implemented
with or without a support system. Hospice is not considered
alternative medicine but is a philosophy of providing comfort
care and death with dignity at the end of life
A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed
insulin therapy in conjunction with an oral agent because the
client has been having trouble controlling blood sugar levels
with an oral agent alone. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan
for this client. Which intervention would the nurse include in the
teaching plan to address the psychomotor domain?
a. Describing the signs and symptoms of low blood sugar
b. Explaining what to do if hypoglycemia occurs
c. Reviewing with the client appropriate foods to eat
d. Demonstrating the technique for insulin self-injection
Correct Answer d. The psychomotor domain involves skill
performance. In this case, demonstrating the insulin self-
injection technique would apply. Describing signs and
symptoms, explaining what to do if hypoglycemia occurs, and
reviewing appropriate food choices are appropriate for the
cognitive domain.
A client is considering transfer into an extended-care facility.
What services will be provided in this setting? Select all that
apply.
a. Assistance with activities of daily living
b. Immediate care after a surgical procedure
c. Assistance for mental disability
,d. Nonmedical care for chronic illness
e. Day care meals and services Correct Answer a, c, d. Acute
or immediate postoperative care is a specific need, which is
completed at the facility where it was performed. Day care
meals and services are separate services and are not provided to
residents in a long-term care facility. Long-term or extended
care facilities help with activities of daily living, assistance for
mental disability, and nonmedical care for chronic illness who
are unable to provide it to themselves.
A client is diagnosed with hypertension, placed on a low-sodium
diet, and given smoking cessation literature. The nurse observes
the client eating from a fast-food restaurant bag a family
member brought in. The client also states, "I don't think I can do
this." What is the nurse's first objective when implementing care
for this client?
a. Explain the effects of a high-salt diet and smoking on blood
pressure.
b. Identify what barriers the client feels are preventing
adherence with the plan.
c. Collaborate with other health care professionals about the
client's treatment.
d. Change the nursing care plan immediately because it cannot
be met. Correct Answer B. The nurse must first identify why
the client is not following the therapy before collaboration with
other health care professionals or a change in the nursing care
plan can be initiated. Simply explaining the effects of a high-salt
diet and smoking on the blood pressure may not address the
underlying cause of why the client is choosing not to follow the
recommended care.
, A nurse is formulating a clinical question in PICOT format.
What does the letter I represent?
a. Comparison to another similar individual
b. Specific identification of the purpose of the study
c. Explicit descriptions of the population or individual
d. More defined intervention of interest or predicting factor
Correct Answer D. The I in the PICOT format represents the
intervention of interest, P represents an explicit description of
the patient population of interest, C represents the comparison,
O stands for the outcome, and T stands for the time.
A nurse is providing care to an older adult client diagnosed with
heart disease. The nurse uses the nursing process to provide
individualized care using the actions listed below. Place the
actions in the order that the nurse would most likely complete
them using the nursing process (place from first to last action).
a. identifies risk for fluid volume excess
b. obtains the client's vital signs
c. develops a realistic goal for monitoring fluid balance
d. prepares an individualized strategy for addressing risk
e. determines that the client's fluid balance is stabilized
f. obtains the client's weight daily Correct Answer b, a, c, d, f,
e. When using the nursing process, the nurse follows the steps of
assessment (obtaining vital signs), diagnosis (identifying the risk
for fluid volume excess), outcome identification (developing
realistic and measurable goals), planning (preparing a client plan
of care), implementation (carrying out the interventions to
achieve the goals), and evaluation (judging the effectiveness of
the interventions).
