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1. 3 components of cell tissue and repair - ANSWER cell proliferation
- cell differentiation
- apoptosis
2. Cell proliferation - ANSWER -Process of cell division
-Inherent adaptive mechanism for replacing body cells
- an adaptive process for new cell growth to replace old cells or when additional
cells are needed
3. Cell differentiation - ANSWER -Process of specialization
-New cells acquire the structure and function of cells they replace (RNC's,
platelets)
- cells become increasingly more specialized with each mitotic divis
4. Apoptosis - ANSWER A form of programmed cell death to eliminate
unwanted cells
,5. The cell cycle - ANSWER •Orderly sequence of events with 4 phases
-Synthesis and Mitosis
-Gap 1 and Gap 2 (G1 and G2)
-Dormant Phase (Gap 0 or G0)
-Checkpoints and Cyclins
6. 2 major phases of the cell cycle - ANSWER interphase and mitotic phase
7. Interphase - ANSWER the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA
(G1, S, G2 phase)
8. Mitotic (M) phase - ANSWER the cell separates its DNA into two sets and
divides its cytoplasm, forming two new cells
9. G1 (first gap phase) - ANSWER the cell grows physically larger, copies
organelles, and makes the molecular building blocks it will need in later steps
10. S (synthesize) phase - ANSWER the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the
DNA in its nucleus. It also duplicates a microtubule-organizing structure called the
centrosome. The centrosomes help separate DNA during M phase
, 11. G2 (second gap) phase - ANSWER the cell grows more, makes proteins and
organelles, and begins to reorganize its contents in preparation for mitosis.
G2 phase ends when mitosis begins.
13. (M) phase - ANSWER the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm to
make two new cells. M phase involves two distinct division-related processes:
mitosis and cytokinesis
- In mitosis, the nuclear DNA of the cell condenses into visible chromosomes and
is pulled apart by the mitotic spindle, a specialized structure made out of
microtubules.
Mitosis takes place in four stages:
->prophase (sometimes divided into early prophase and prometaphase),
metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
14. Cytokenesis - ANSWER the cytoplasm of the cell is split in two, making two
new cells.
2. Cytokinesis usually begins just as mitosis is ending, with a little overlap.
15. Gap 0 (cell cycle exit) - ANSWER What happens to the two daughter cells
produced in one round of the cell cycle?
This depends on what type of cells they are.