UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 Adv Patho
Exam 1 Questions And Answers ||
Updated
\.Seven specialized cellular functions:
movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, and
reproduction
\.Nucleus
aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg yolk)
\.Ribosomes
RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular protein synthesis;
packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
\.Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein and lipid components of most of the
cells organelles (memory factory)
\.Golgi complex
Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and transports within and outside
of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out of cytoplasm)
\.Lysosomes
An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes, digest debris from dead
cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in starvation
\.Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production; pathway for
metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive; can grow and self-
replicate in the cell
, \.Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in
movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
\.Characteristics of plasma membrane
made up of lipids and proteins; the basic component is a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are
responsible for the structural integrity of the membrane
\.The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the
plasma membrane
Phospholipid layer
\.Prokaryote
unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include cyanobacteria, bacteria,
and rickettsia)
\.Eukaryote
organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;" larger w/ intracellular anatomy
\.cellular receptors
protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the nucleus that can
recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
\.3 types of cellular receptors
plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors, non-channel-linked receptors
\.passive transport
The movement of materials through a cell membrane WITHOUT using energy; no-energy
transport of uncharged molecules through any semi-permeable barrier (occurs down a
concentration gradient)
\.Diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
\.concentration gradient
A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.
Exam 1 Questions And Answers ||
Updated
\.Seven specialized cellular functions:
movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, and
reproduction
\.Nucleus
aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg yolk)
\.Ribosomes
RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular protein synthesis;
packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
\.Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein and lipid components of most of the
cells organelles (memory factory)
\.Golgi complex
Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and transports within and outside
of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out of cytoplasm)
\.Lysosomes
An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes, digest debris from dead
cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in starvation
\.Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production; pathway for
metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive; can grow and self-
replicate in the cell
, \.Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in
movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
\.Characteristics of plasma membrane
made up of lipids and proteins; the basic component is a bi-layer of lipid molecules that are
responsible for the structural integrity of the membrane
\.The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the
plasma membrane
Phospholipid layer
\.Prokaryote
unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include cyanobacteria, bacteria,
and rickettsia)
\.Eukaryote
organism whose cells contain a nucleus; "good nucleus;" larger w/ intracellular anatomy
\.cellular receptors
protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the nucleus that can
recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
\.3 types of cellular receptors
plasma membrane receptors, channel-linked receptors, non-channel-linked receptors
\.passive transport
The movement of materials through a cell membrane WITHOUT using energy; no-energy
transport of uncharged molecules through any semi-permeable barrier (occurs down a
concentration gradient)
\.Diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
\.concentration gradient
A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.
