ARDMS ABDOMEN PRACTICE EXAM AND STUDY GUIDE 400 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS BRAND NEW VERSION
A patient is referred from the emergency room to rule out acute cholecystitis.
You think the gallbladder wall may be thickened. What is the normal diameter
of the gallbladder wall? - ANSWER-less than 3 mm
You are scanning the gallbladder and notice some smudgy echoes within it.
You suspect the echoes are due to artifact. What is a common cause of
artifactual echoes within the gallbladder? - ANSWER-Reverberation, side
lobes, slice thickness artifact
Following liver transplantation, which of the following anatomic locations has
an anastomotic connection that should be evaluated with ultrasound? -
ANSWER-Inferior vena cava, portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct
You are scanning a patient with liver cirrhosis and suspected portal
hypertension. In this study, assessment of the size of which of the following is
most important? - ANSWER-Spleen
A recannalized paraumbilical vein may be seen as a result of which of the
following? - ANSWER-Portal hypertension
Which of the following describes the best sonographic window to view a
recannalized paraumbilical vein? - ANSWER-Sagittal subcoastal view through
the left lobe at the level of the ligamentum teres
The portal triad consists of the following three structures: - ANSWER-Portal
vein, bile duct, hepatic artery
,The ligamentum venosum forms the anterior border of what lobe of the liver?
- ANSWER-Caudate lobe
You are scanning a patient with portal hypertension. Enlargement of which of
the following structures is diagnostic of this condition? - ANSWER-Coronary
vein
Which measurement below is the diagnostic cutoff for portal vein
enlargement? - ANSWER-13mm
Regenerating nodules are a feature associated with: - ANSWER-Cirrhosis
You are performing an ultrasound exam in a patient with a history of alcoholic
liver cirrhosis. You have documented the presence of splenomegaly and
dilated veins at the splenic hilum. Considering the patient's history and
findings, what else should you look for? - ANSWER-Search for the presence of
portosystemic collaterals
The best view for ultrasound demonstration of the coronary vein is: -
ANSWER-A sagittal view of the splenic vein near the midline
You are performing a follow-up study on a patient with a history of cavernous
transformation. Where should you look to evaluate this condition? - ANSWER-
Porta hepatis
You are scanning a patient with an enlarged caudate lobe and shrunken right
lobe. What diffuse liver process should you suspect? - ANSWER-Cirrhosis
, You are scanning an obese patient to rule out fatty liver. What is the common
sonographic appearance this condition? - ANSWER-Increased echogenicity of
the liver compared to the normal kidney
You are having difficulty locating the gallbladder in a patient with right upper
quadrant pain. What anatomic landmark will help you identify the gallbladder
fossa? - ANSWER-Interlobar hepatic fissure
In what anatomic variant is the fundus of the gallbladder folded over the
body? - ANSWER-Phrygian cap
You have a patient scheduled for a gallbladder sonogram. What preparation is
required? - ANSWER-The patient should be fasting for 8-12 hours prior to
study.
You have been requested to perform a gallbladder ultrasound to rule out
cholelithiasis. What is cholelithiasis? - ANSWER-Gallstones
You are scanning the gallbladder and notice that the wall is abnormally
thickened, would this be associated with malignant ascites? - ANSWER-NO
A referring physician has asked you about the accuracy of gallbladder
sonography. The diagnostic accuracy of gallbladder sonography is: - ANSWER-
more than 90%
During gallbladder sonography, you notice echogenic foci within the
gallbladder but do not detect distal acoustic shadowing. What changes below
will improve the detectability of stone shadowing? - ANSWER-Increase
transducer frequency, increase transducer focusing
AND CORRECT ANSWERS BRAND NEW VERSION
A patient is referred from the emergency room to rule out acute cholecystitis.
You think the gallbladder wall may be thickened. What is the normal diameter
of the gallbladder wall? - ANSWER-less than 3 mm
You are scanning the gallbladder and notice some smudgy echoes within it.
You suspect the echoes are due to artifact. What is a common cause of
artifactual echoes within the gallbladder? - ANSWER-Reverberation, side
lobes, slice thickness artifact
Following liver transplantation, which of the following anatomic locations has
an anastomotic connection that should be evaluated with ultrasound? -
ANSWER-Inferior vena cava, portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct
You are scanning a patient with liver cirrhosis and suspected portal
hypertension. In this study, assessment of the size of which of the following is
most important? - ANSWER-Spleen
A recannalized paraumbilical vein may be seen as a result of which of the
following? - ANSWER-Portal hypertension
Which of the following describes the best sonographic window to view a
recannalized paraumbilical vein? - ANSWER-Sagittal subcoastal view through
the left lobe at the level of the ligamentum teres
The portal triad consists of the following three structures: - ANSWER-Portal
vein, bile duct, hepatic artery
,The ligamentum venosum forms the anterior border of what lobe of the liver?
- ANSWER-Caudate lobe
You are scanning a patient with portal hypertension. Enlargement of which of
the following structures is diagnostic of this condition? - ANSWER-Coronary
vein
Which measurement below is the diagnostic cutoff for portal vein
enlargement? - ANSWER-13mm
Regenerating nodules are a feature associated with: - ANSWER-Cirrhosis
You are performing an ultrasound exam in a patient with a history of alcoholic
liver cirrhosis. You have documented the presence of splenomegaly and
dilated veins at the splenic hilum. Considering the patient's history and
findings, what else should you look for? - ANSWER-Search for the presence of
portosystemic collaterals
The best view for ultrasound demonstration of the coronary vein is: -
ANSWER-A sagittal view of the splenic vein near the midline
You are performing a follow-up study on a patient with a history of cavernous
transformation. Where should you look to evaluate this condition? - ANSWER-
Porta hepatis
You are scanning a patient with an enlarged caudate lobe and shrunken right
lobe. What diffuse liver process should you suspect? - ANSWER-Cirrhosis
, You are scanning an obese patient to rule out fatty liver. What is the common
sonographic appearance this condition? - ANSWER-Increased echogenicity of
the liver compared to the normal kidney
You are having difficulty locating the gallbladder in a patient with right upper
quadrant pain. What anatomic landmark will help you identify the gallbladder
fossa? - ANSWER-Interlobar hepatic fissure
In what anatomic variant is the fundus of the gallbladder folded over the
body? - ANSWER-Phrygian cap
You have a patient scheduled for a gallbladder sonogram. What preparation is
required? - ANSWER-The patient should be fasting for 8-12 hours prior to
study.
You have been requested to perform a gallbladder ultrasound to rule out
cholelithiasis. What is cholelithiasis? - ANSWER-Gallstones
You are scanning the gallbladder and notice that the wall is abnormally
thickened, would this be associated with malignant ascites? - ANSWER-NO
A referring physician has asked you about the accuracy of gallbladder
sonography. The diagnostic accuracy of gallbladder sonography is: - ANSWER-
more than 90%
During gallbladder sonography, you notice echogenic foci within the
gallbladder but do not detect distal acoustic shadowing. What changes below
will improve the detectability of stone shadowing? - ANSWER-Increase
transducer frequency, increase transducer focusing
