Scientific Reasoning (SCIE 326) Athabasca
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1. Inductive Rea- Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations. Ba-
soning sically, there is data, then conclusions are drawn from the data.
the sun rises each day in the East. Therefore we can infer that the sun always rises
each day in the East.
the observations may be true but because they are limited the conclusion may still
be false. Tentative.
2. Deductive Rea- Deductive reasoning, or deduction, starts out with a general statement, or hypoth-
soning esis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion
The scientific method uses deduction to test hypotheses and theories.
If we take as a premise that the sun always rises each morning in the East, then we
can deduce that the sun will rise tomorrow morning in the East. In valid deduction,
if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true.
3. 3 moral qualities Intellectual Courage: To be ready to revise any one of our beliefs.
of the inductive
attitude Intellectual Honesty: To be willing to change a belief when there is a compelling
reason to change it.
Wise Restraint: Not to change beliefs capriciously, without good reason.
4. State four signif- A. Science attempts to bring coherence to our experiences; religion attempts to
icant differences infuse our experiences with meaning
between the sci-
entific and reli- B. Science is statements about sensory information; religion is statements which
gious approach- we cannot perceive with our senses
es to the world
C. Science is public and conveyed in terms which can be precisely defined. Religion
is often private and difficult to express in well-defined terms.
, Scientific Reasoning (SCIE 326) Athabasca
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5psi39
D. Science results are tentative. Religion are generally not tentative or subject to
revision.
5. The difference of The key is context.
the word "mean-
ing" in science vs Science: meaning as bringing order and coherence to a set of otherwise unrelated
religion facts and observations. "giving new meaning to data". Understanding.
Religion: existential. Why am I here? What is my purpose? A private event, some-
thing that is experienced, and perhaps that is influenced by various dogma
6. describe the sci- the goal is to obtain as accurate a description of nature as is possible. This means
entific point of that the scientific point of view seeks to strip away anything that might introduce
view in a general bias or misperception into its methods and modes of analysis, to the extent that
way this is possible.
7. the inductive at- beliefs , experience
titude "aims at
adapting our
_____ to our
________ as effi-
ciently as possi-
ble.
8. provide at least Science can lead to technology that improves our lives
three reasons
why it is impor- Presents a way to study and understand the world without bias. A method of
tant to under- thinking.
stand science, at
A basic knowledge of science allows us to recognize poor science and biased
least in a general
distortions.
way
A knowledge of the value of science creates interest and funding to further develop
science.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5psi39
1. Inductive Rea- Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations. Ba-
soning sically, there is data, then conclusions are drawn from the data.
the sun rises each day in the East. Therefore we can infer that the sun always rises
each day in the East.
the observations may be true but because they are limited the conclusion may still
be false. Tentative.
2. Deductive Rea- Deductive reasoning, or deduction, starts out with a general statement, or hypoth-
soning esis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion
The scientific method uses deduction to test hypotheses and theories.
If we take as a premise that the sun always rises each morning in the East, then we
can deduce that the sun will rise tomorrow morning in the East. In valid deduction,
if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true.
3. 3 moral qualities Intellectual Courage: To be ready to revise any one of our beliefs.
of the inductive
attitude Intellectual Honesty: To be willing to change a belief when there is a compelling
reason to change it.
Wise Restraint: Not to change beliefs capriciously, without good reason.
4. State four signif- A. Science attempts to bring coherence to our experiences; religion attempts to
icant differences infuse our experiences with meaning
between the sci-
entific and reli- B. Science is statements about sensory information; religion is statements which
gious approach- we cannot perceive with our senses
es to the world
C. Science is public and conveyed in terms which can be precisely defined. Religion
is often private and difficult to express in well-defined terms.
, Scientific Reasoning (SCIE 326) Athabasca
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5psi39
D. Science results are tentative. Religion are generally not tentative or subject to
revision.
5. The difference of The key is context.
the word "mean-
ing" in science vs Science: meaning as bringing order and coherence to a set of otherwise unrelated
religion facts and observations. "giving new meaning to data". Understanding.
Religion: existential. Why am I here? What is my purpose? A private event, some-
thing that is experienced, and perhaps that is influenced by various dogma
6. describe the sci- the goal is to obtain as accurate a description of nature as is possible. This means
entific point of that the scientific point of view seeks to strip away anything that might introduce
view in a general bias or misperception into its methods and modes of analysis, to the extent that
way this is possible.
7. the inductive at- beliefs , experience
titude "aims at
adapting our
_____ to our
________ as effi-
ciently as possi-
ble.
8. provide at least Science can lead to technology that improves our lives
three reasons
why it is impor- Presents a way to study and understand the world without bias. A method of
tant to under- thinking.
stand science, at
A basic knowledge of science allows us to recognize poor science and biased
least in a general
distortions.
way
A knowledge of the value of science creates interest and funding to further develop
science.
