,TESTBANK FOR Research Methods and Statistics in
Psychology Fourth Edition by S. Alexander Haslam
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
, Testbank for
Haslam et al.: Research Methods and
Statistics in Psychology, 4e
Chapter 2: Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals
1. Which of the following statements is false?
a. A key goal of science is to identify as many facts as possible.
b. A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible.
c. A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible on the basis of the
smallest number of facts.
d. Both (a) and (b).
e. All of these.
Ans: E
2. Which of the following does not contribute to the development of knowledge and
theory in psychology?
a. Evidence that supports a hypothesis.
b. Evidence that contradicts a hypothesis.
c. Evidence that tests a hypothesis.
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 1
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
d. Falsified evidence.
e. Both (b) and (d).
Ans: E
3. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research.
b. Surveys are the most scientific form of psychological research.
c. Case studies are the most scientific form of psychological research.
d. Quasi-experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research.
e. None of these (no method of conducting psychological research is superior to all
others).
Ans: E
4. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Wilhelm
Wundt at the University of Leipzig.
b. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Sigmund
Freud at his clinic in Vienna.
c. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Stanley
Milgram at Yale University.
d. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Thomas Kuhn
at University of California, Berkeley.
e. None of these.
Ans: A
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 2
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
5. What was Thomas Kuhn’s main contribution to our understanding of theory
development in science?
a. He proposed that scientific theory develops backwards.
b. He proposed that scientific theory develops through phases of ‘normal science’
followed by ‘scientific revolution’.
c. He proposed that science develops through a chaotic process.
d. He proposed that the process through which scientific theory develops is largely
random.
e. None of these.
Ans: B
6. Brenda Milner’s neuropsychological studies of HM — a man who had had brain surgery
for epilepsy that left him with almost no ability to create long-term memories — are an
example of what type of research method?
a. Experimental
b. Survey
c. Archical
d. Case study
e. None of these
Ans: D
7. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Case studies have no place in psychological research.
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 3
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
b. Case studies are only of use when larger samples of participants cannot be obtained.
c. There are almost no examples of influential case studies in psychology.
d. Case studies are only used in clinical psychology.
e. None of these.
Ans: E
8. Which of the following would be of interest to a behaviourist?
a. A person’s mental state.
b. A person’s mental processes.
c. A person’s reaction time.
d. (a) and (b) only.
e. All of these.
Ans: C
9. Which of the following is a not physiological measure?
a. A measure of blood flow through a person’s brain.
b. A person’s heart rate.
c. A person’s response to questions on a survey.
d. A measure of skin conductance.
e. Both (c) and (d).
Ans: C
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 4
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
10. If an experimental finding is reliable, which of the following statements is true?
a. Other researchers should able to replicate it.
b. It supports a researcher’s experimental predictions.
c. It supports a researcher’s theory.
d. It occurred for the reason hypothesized by the researcher.
e. It will make a significant contribution to scientific knowledge.
Ans: A
11. If an experimental finding is invalid:
a. It should be reliable.
b. It did not occur for the reason hypothesized by the researcher.
c. It does not support a researcher’s experimental predictions.
d. It contradicts a researcher’s theory.
e. The experiment must have been badly conducted.
Ans: B
12. Theory A explains phenomenon L and phenomenon M using principles X and Y. Theory
B explains phenomenon L and phenomenon M using principle X. Theory C explains
phenomenon L using principles X and Y. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Theory A is the most parsimonious.
b. Theory B is the most parsimonious.
c. Theory C is the most parsimonious.
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 5
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
d. Theory A and Theory C are equally and most parsimonious.
e. Theory A and Theory B are equally and most parsimonious.
Ans: B
13. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The best research is rarely made public.
b. Only good research is made public.
c. The public has no role to play in the evaluation of research.
d. Most psychological research is irrelevant to the public.
e. None of these.
Ans: E
14. Which of the following is associated with use of the scientific method in psychological
research?
a. Systematic observation.
b. Controlled experimentation.
c. Concern with the reliability of findings.
d. Both (b) and (c).
e. All of these.
Ans: E
15. According to Thomas Kuhn, which of the following statements is false?
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 6
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
a. Science always progresses steadily and in a linear direction.
b. Science sometimes involves revolutions in thinking.
c. Science mainly involves steady progression, but is occasionally punctuated by
revolutions in thinking.
d. Science mainly involves steady progression, but is occasionally punctuated by
revolutions in thinking.
e. Both (c) and (d).
Ans: A
16. Which of the following statements is true?
a. A psychological theory can be falsified by a single finding.
b. A psychological theory can only be falsified by a large number of findings.
c. Psychological theories can never be falsified.
d. Psychologists should not be interested in falsifying theory, as this is dishonest.
e. None of these.
Ans: A
17. According to Popper, what is the key way in which psychological theory progresses?
a. The falsification of incorrect theories.
b. The replacement of falsified theories with superior ones.
c. Scientific revolution which leads to the rejection of old ways of thinking.
d. Both (a) and (b).
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 7
, Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
e. All of these.
Ans: D
18. Which of the following is not an accepted feature of good research?
a. It should be cumulative.
b. It should contribute to the development of theory.
c. It should be valid.
d. It should be reliable.
e. None of these (all are accepted features of good research).
Ans: E
19. Which of the following statements is true?
a. It is easy to publish psychological research in peer-reviewed journals.
b. All psychological research is published in peer-reviewed journals.
c. Only experimental research is published in peer-reviewed journals.
d. There are no peer-reviewed journals in psychology.
e. None of these.
Ans: E
20. ‘An association between two or more things, such that one causes the other (i.e.
makes it happen).’ What is this a glossary definition of?
a. Reification
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 8
Psychology Fourth Edition by S. Alexander Haslam
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
, Testbank for
Haslam et al.: Research Methods and
Statistics in Psychology, 4e
Chapter 2: Research in Psychology: Objectives and Ideals
1. Which of the following statements is false?
a. A key goal of science is to identify as many facts as possible.
b. A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible.
c. A key goal of science is to develop as many theories as possible on the basis of the
smallest number of facts.
d. Both (a) and (b).
e. All of these.
Ans: E
2. Which of the following does not contribute to the development of knowledge and
theory in psychology?
a. Evidence that supports a hypothesis.
b. Evidence that contradicts a hypothesis.
c. Evidence that tests a hypothesis.
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 1
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
d. Falsified evidence.
e. Both (b) and (d).
Ans: E
3. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research.
b. Surveys are the most scientific form of psychological research.
c. Case studies are the most scientific form of psychological research.
d. Quasi-experiments are the most scientific form of psychological research.
e. None of these (no method of conducting psychological research is superior to all
others).
Ans: E
4. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Wilhelm
Wundt at the University of Leipzig.
b. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Sigmund
Freud at his clinic in Vienna.
c. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Stanley
Milgram at Yale University.
d. The person credited with performing the first experiment in psychology is Thomas Kuhn
at University of California, Berkeley.
e. None of these.
Ans: A
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 2
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
5. What was Thomas Kuhn’s main contribution to our understanding of theory
development in science?
a. He proposed that scientific theory develops backwards.
b. He proposed that scientific theory develops through phases of ‘normal science’
followed by ‘scientific revolution’.
c. He proposed that science develops through a chaotic process.
d. He proposed that the process through which scientific theory develops is largely
random.
e. None of these.
Ans: B
6. Brenda Milner’s neuropsychological studies of HM — a man who had had brain surgery
for epilepsy that left him with almost no ability to create long-term memories — are an
example of what type of research method?
a. Experimental
b. Survey
c. Archical
d. Case study
e. None of these
Ans: D
7. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Case studies have no place in psychological research.
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 3
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
b. Case studies are only of use when larger samples of participants cannot be obtained.
c. There are almost no examples of influential case studies in psychology.
d. Case studies are only used in clinical psychology.
e. None of these.
Ans: E
8. Which of the following would be of interest to a behaviourist?
a. A person’s mental state.
b. A person’s mental processes.
c. A person’s reaction time.
d. (a) and (b) only.
e. All of these.
Ans: C
9. Which of the following is a not physiological measure?
a. A measure of blood flow through a person’s brain.
b. A person’s heart rate.
c. A person’s response to questions on a survey.
d. A measure of skin conductance.
e. Both (c) and (d).
Ans: C
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 4
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
10. If an experimental finding is reliable, which of the following statements is true?
a. Other researchers should able to replicate it.
b. It supports a researcher’s experimental predictions.
c. It supports a researcher’s theory.
d. It occurred for the reason hypothesized by the researcher.
e. It will make a significant contribution to scientific knowledge.
Ans: A
11. If an experimental finding is invalid:
a. It should be reliable.
b. It did not occur for the reason hypothesized by the researcher.
c. It does not support a researcher’s experimental predictions.
d. It contradicts a researcher’s theory.
e. The experiment must have been badly conducted.
Ans: B
12. Theory A explains phenomenon L and phenomenon M using principles X and Y. Theory
B explains phenomenon L and phenomenon M using principle X. Theory C explains
phenomenon L using principles X and Y. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Theory A is the most parsimonious.
b. Theory B is the most parsimonious.
c. Theory C is the most parsimonious.
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 5
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
d. Theory A and Theory C are equally and most parsimonious.
e. Theory A and Theory B are equally and most parsimonious.
Ans: B
13. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The best research is rarely made public.
b. Only good research is made public.
c. The public has no role to play in the evaluation of research.
d. Most psychological research is irrelevant to the public.
e. None of these.
Ans: E
14. Which of the following is associated with use of the scientific method in psychological
research?
a. Systematic observation.
b. Controlled experimentation.
c. Concern with the reliability of findings.
d. Both (b) and (c).
e. All of these.
Ans: E
15. According to Thomas Kuhn, which of the following statements is false?
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 6
,Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
a. Science always progresses steadily and in a linear direction.
b. Science sometimes involves revolutions in thinking.
c. Science mainly involves steady progression, but is occasionally punctuated by
revolutions in thinking.
d. Science mainly involves steady progression, but is occasionally punctuated by
revolutions in thinking.
e. Both (c) and (d).
Ans: A
16. Which of the following statements is true?
a. A psychological theory can be falsified by a single finding.
b. A psychological theory can only be falsified by a large number of findings.
c. Psychological theories can never be falsified.
d. Psychologists should not be interested in falsifying theory, as this is dishonest.
e. None of these.
Ans: A
17. According to Popper, what is the key way in which psychological theory progresses?
a. The falsification of incorrect theories.
b. The replacement of falsified theories with superior ones.
c. Scientific revolution which leads to the rejection of old ways of thinking.
d. Both (a) and (b).
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 7
, Haslam et al. | Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, 4e | Testbank
e. All of these.
Ans: D
18. Which of the following is not an accepted feature of good research?
a. It should be cumulative.
b. It should contribute to the development of theory.
c. It should be valid.
d. It should be reliable.
e. None of these (all are accepted features of good research).
Ans: E
19. Which of the following statements is true?
a. It is easy to publish psychological research in peer-reviewed journals.
b. All psychological research is published in peer-reviewed journals.
c. Only experimental research is published in peer-reviewed journals.
d. There are no peer-reviewed journals in psychology.
e. None of these.
Ans: E
20. ‘An association between two or more things, such that one causes the other (i.e.
makes it happen).’ What is this a glossary definition of?
a. Reification
© S. Alexander Haslam, Craig McGarty, Tegan Cruwys and Niklas K. Steffens 2024 | SAGE Publishing 8
