NUR 340 Exam Review
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with an attempted aspirin overdose.
The nurse notes that the patient is hyperventilating and monitors for
which acid-base disorder?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis - answerB. Respiratory alkalosis
In analyzing an arterial blood gas, the nurse correlates which findings to an
uncompensated respiratory acidosis? Select all that apply.
1. pH 7.30
2. PaO2 82 mm Hg
3. PaCO2 48 mm Hg
4. HCO3 28 mEq/L
5. SaO2 90% - answer1. pH 7.30
3. PaCO2 48 mm Hg
Admitted for evaluation of a bowel obstruction and has a nasogastric tube placed to low
intermittent suction. The physician orders arterial blood gases, and the following results
are reported:
pH 7.37
PaCO2 33mm Hg
PaCO2 94 mm Hg
HCO3 19 mm Hg
SaO2 98%
What is the nurse's interpretation of these results?
1. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis
2. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
3. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
4. Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis - answer1. Fully compensated metabolic
acidosis
The nurse recognizes which as a function of red blood cells?
1. Facilitating osmosis between O2 and CO2
2. Transporting O2 from the lungs to the tissues
3. Transporting CO2 from the lungs to the tissues
4. Facilitating active transport between O2 and CO2 - answer2. Transporting O2 from
the lungs to the tissues
,In completing a physical assessment on a patient, the nurse notes that the patient has a
red, swollen, smooth, shiny and tender tongue. The nurse correlates this finding to
which disorder?
1. Thrombocytosis
2. Leukopenia
3. Iron deficiency anemia
4. Vitamin K deficiency - answer3. Iron deficiency anemia
Which term does the nurse use when documenting an elevated red blood cell (RBC)
count?
1. Anemia
2. Neutropenia
3. Polycythemia
4. Thrombocytopenia - answer3. Polycythemia
The nurse is reviewing the complete blood cell (CBC) count for a female patient recently
admitted to the medical-surgical unit. The CBC count is as follows: white blood cells
6.10/mm3; hemoglobin 15 g/dL; red blood cells 4.4 million cells/mm3; platelet
180,000/mm3. What is the nurse's analysis of these results?
1. The patient is anemic.
2. The patient has leukopenia.
3. The patient has thrombocytopenia.
4. The patient's laboratory values are within normal limits. - answer4. The patient's
laboratory values are within normal limits.
An older adult patient with renal failure is diagnosed with anemia. Based on this data,
which cause of anemia will the nurse include in the plan?
1. Loss of the kidney hormone erythropoietin
2. A loss of appetite related to elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
3. The renal dialysis used to treat the chronic renal failure
4. Loss of blood through the urine because the failing kidney does not function properly
- answer1. Loss of the kidney hormone erythropoietin
The nurse provides care to a patient who is admitted for a sickle cell disease (SCD)
crisis. Which is the priority prescription for the nurse to implement when providing
patient care?
1. Administering oxygen
2. Administering antipyretics
3. Administering pain medication
4. Administering intravenous fluid - answer1. Administering oxygen
A patient diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital. In teaching the
patient and family about this disease process, what information does the nurse include?
1. "Aplastic anemia causes a proliferation of white blood cells."
2. "Aplastic anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells."
3. "Aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells."
, 4. "Aplastic anemia is a disorder that occurs after a viral illness." - answer3. "Aplastic
anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells."
The nurse correlates which diagnostic results to the patient with pancytopenia? Select
all that apply.
1. Decreased reticulocyte count
2. Increased immature neutrophils
3. Platelets 100,000 103/mm3-
4. RBC 3.2 million cells/mm3
5. WBC 12.0 103/mm3- - answer1. Decreased reticulocyte count
3. Platelets 100,000 103/mm3-
4. RBC 3.2 million cells/mm3
Which locations does the nurse include when discussing the storage and production of
lymphocytes during an education session for novice nurses? Select all that apply.
1. Liver
2. Spleen
3. Thymus
4. Lymph nodes
5. Bone marrow - answer2. Spleen
3. Thymus
4. Lymph nodes
5. Bone marrow
Which statement by a patient who was recently diagnosed with cancer indicates an
understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer?
1. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my immune system."
2. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my endocrine system."
3. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder on my gastrointestinal system."
4. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder in my hematological system." - answer1.
"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my immune system."
The nurse instructs a group of community members on the difference between benign
and malignant neoplasms. Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been
effective? Select all that apply.
1. "Malignant tumors can grow back."
2. "Benign tumors stay in one area."
3. "Benign tumors grow slowly."
4. "Malignant tumors are easy to remove."
5. "Malignant tumors grow in a controlled process." - answer1. "Malignant tumors can
grow back."
2. "Benign tumors stay in one area."
3. "Benign tumors grow slowly."
The nurse auscultates a bruit over a patient's carotid artery. Which noninvasive
diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?
A patient is admitted to the emergency department with an attempted aspirin overdose.
The nurse notes that the patient is hyperventilating and monitors for
which acid-base disorder?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis - answerB. Respiratory alkalosis
In analyzing an arterial blood gas, the nurse correlates which findings to an
uncompensated respiratory acidosis? Select all that apply.
1. pH 7.30
2. PaO2 82 mm Hg
3. PaCO2 48 mm Hg
4. HCO3 28 mEq/L
5. SaO2 90% - answer1. pH 7.30
3. PaCO2 48 mm Hg
Admitted for evaluation of a bowel obstruction and has a nasogastric tube placed to low
intermittent suction. The physician orders arterial blood gases, and the following results
are reported:
pH 7.37
PaCO2 33mm Hg
PaCO2 94 mm Hg
HCO3 19 mm Hg
SaO2 98%
What is the nurse's interpretation of these results?
1. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis
2. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
3. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
4. Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis - answer1. Fully compensated metabolic
acidosis
The nurse recognizes which as a function of red blood cells?
1. Facilitating osmosis between O2 and CO2
2. Transporting O2 from the lungs to the tissues
3. Transporting CO2 from the lungs to the tissues
4. Facilitating active transport between O2 and CO2 - answer2. Transporting O2 from
the lungs to the tissues
,In completing a physical assessment on a patient, the nurse notes that the patient has a
red, swollen, smooth, shiny and tender tongue. The nurse correlates this finding to
which disorder?
1. Thrombocytosis
2. Leukopenia
3. Iron deficiency anemia
4. Vitamin K deficiency - answer3. Iron deficiency anemia
Which term does the nurse use when documenting an elevated red blood cell (RBC)
count?
1. Anemia
2. Neutropenia
3. Polycythemia
4. Thrombocytopenia - answer3. Polycythemia
The nurse is reviewing the complete blood cell (CBC) count for a female patient recently
admitted to the medical-surgical unit. The CBC count is as follows: white blood cells
6.10/mm3; hemoglobin 15 g/dL; red blood cells 4.4 million cells/mm3; platelet
180,000/mm3. What is the nurse's analysis of these results?
1. The patient is anemic.
2. The patient has leukopenia.
3. The patient has thrombocytopenia.
4. The patient's laboratory values are within normal limits. - answer4. The patient's
laboratory values are within normal limits.
An older adult patient with renal failure is diagnosed with anemia. Based on this data,
which cause of anemia will the nurse include in the plan?
1. Loss of the kidney hormone erythropoietin
2. A loss of appetite related to elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
3. The renal dialysis used to treat the chronic renal failure
4. Loss of blood through the urine because the failing kidney does not function properly
- answer1. Loss of the kidney hormone erythropoietin
The nurse provides care to a patient who is admitted for a sickle cell disease (SCD)
crisis. Which is the priority prescription for the nurse to implement when providing
patient care?
1. Administering oxygen
2. Administering antipyretics
3. Administering pain medication
4. Administering intravenous fluid - answer1. Administering oxygen
A patient diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital. In teaching the
patient and family about this disease process, what information does the nurse include?
1. "Aplastic anemia causes a proliferation of white blood cells."
2. "Aplastic anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells."
3. "Aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells."
, 4. "Aplastic anemia is a disorder that occurs after a viral illness." - answer3. "Aplastic
anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells."
The nurse correlates which diagnostic results to the patient with pancytopenia? Select
all that apply.
1. Decreased reticulocyte count
2. Increased immature neutrophils
3. Platelets 100,000 103/mm3-
4. RBC 3.2 million cells/mm3
5. WBC 12.0 103/mm3- - answer1. Decreased reticulocyte count
3. Platelets 100,000 103/mm3-
4. RBC 3.2 million cells/mm3
Which locations does the nurse include when discussing the storage and production of
lymphocytes during an education session for novice nurses? Select all that apply.
1. Liver
2. Spleen
3. Thymus
4. Lymph nodes
5. Bone marrow - answer2. Spleen
3. Thymus
4. Lymph nodes
5. Bone marrow
Which statement by a patient who was recently diagnosed with cancer indicates an
understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer?
1. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my immune system."
2. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my endocrine system."
3. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder on my gastrointestinal system."
4. "My cancer is probably caused by a disorder in my hematological system." - answer1.
"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my immune system."
The nurse instructs a group of community members on the difference between benign
and malignant neoplasms. Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been
effective? Select all that apply.
1. "Malignant tumors can grow back."
2. "Benign tumors stay in one area."
3. "Benign tumors grow slowly."
4. "Malignant tumors are easy to remove."
5. "Malignant tumors grow in a controlled process." - answer1. "Malignant tumors can
grow back."
2. "Benign tumors stay in one area."
3. "Benign tumors grow slowly."
The nurse auscultates a bruit over a patient's carotid artery. Which noninvasive
diagnostic test should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?
