Psychopathology Personality
Disorders
Personality - answer Enduring and relatively stable predispositions
Personality disorder characteristics - answer Predispositions that are inflexible and
maladaptive and cause distress or impairment, not episodic like most disorders, on axis
II
Categorical View of Personality disorders - answer Black and white view, either you
have it or you don't
Dimensional View of Personality disorders - answer Disorder on a continuum, on one of
the five dimensions of personality
Five factor model – answer Heirarchical model of structure of personality traits, origin in
analysis of trait descriptive terms and factor analysis, comprehensive, universal,
heritable and stable (can't diagnose children until their personality becomes stable),
made of OCEAN
Factor analysis - answerStatistical technique used to group subjects together
Extroversion - answerWarmth, gragariousness, assertiveness, positive emotions, less
sucseptable to depression or anxiety, excitement seeking
Agreeableness - answerTrust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty,
tender minded
Conscientiousness/dependability - answerCompetence, order, dutiful, achievement
striving, self discipline, deliberation, high on need for achievement
Neuroticism/stability - answerAnxiety, hostility, depression, selfconsciousness,
impulseveness, vulnerability, all qualities of negative affect
Openness to experience/culture/intellect - answerFantasy, aesthetics, feelings, actions,
ideas, values, score higher with more education, flexible minds
Personality disorder statistics - answer.5-2.5% population, higher in inpatient and
outpatient settings, thought to begin in childhood and run chronic course, high
comorbidity rates
, Gender bias - answerExists in diagnosis, men more likely to be diagnosed with
antisocial disorder, women with borderline personality disorder
Cluster A Characteristics - answerOdd or eccentric, include paranoid, schizoid and
schizotypical,
Cluster B Characteristics - answerDramatic, emotional, erratic, wide variations in mood
regulation and emotion, include antisocial and borderline
Cluster C characteristics - answerFearful or anxious, includs avoidant, obsessive-
compulsive which is rule governed and dislike straying from pattern
Paranoid Personality disorder Characteristics - answerPervasive and unjustified
mistrust and suspicion, hard to develop relationships, few want to give out info cause it
will be used against them, similar to paranoid schizo
Paranoid Personality disorder causes - answerBiological and psychological
contributions are unclear, early learning that world is dangerous
Paranoid personality disorder treatment - answerFew seek help, focus on development
of trust, cognitive therapy to counter negative thinking, lack good outcome studies
Schizoid personality disorder characteristics - answerPervasive pattern of detachment
from social relationships, limited range of emotions in interpersonal situations, don't
desire relationships, no empathy or sympathy, no mistrust, may be preschizophrenia
condition, no paranoia
Schizoid Personality disorder causes and treatment - answerEtiology unclear,
preference for social isolation resembles autism, few seek help, focus on value of
interpersonal relationships, build empathy and social skills, lack good outcome studies
Schizotypal Personality Disorder characteristics - answerOdd and unusual behavior and
appearance, socially isolated and suspicious, magical thinking, ideas of reference and
illusions, many comorbid with depression, odd behaviors turn others away, believe they
can read minds or implant thoughts, feel presence of someone still there, don't keep
clean living environment
Schizotypal Personality disorder causes - answerPhenotype of schizophrenia genotype
maybe, MRI shows structural brain abnormalities, sometimes causes intellectual
impairment
Schizotypal personality disorder treatment - answerMain focus on developing social
skills and addresses comorbid depression, medical treatment similar to schizophrenia,
prognosis is poor
Disorders
Personality - answer Enduring and relatively stable predispositions
Personality disorder characteristics - answer Predispositions that are inflexible and
maladaptive and cause distress or impairment, not episodic like most disorders, on axis
II
Categorical View of Personality disorders - answer Black and white view, either you
have it or you don't
Dimensional View of Personality disorders - answer Disorder on a continuum, on one of
the five dimensions of personality
Five factor model – answer Heirarchical model of structure of personality traits, origin in
analysis of trait descriptive terms and factor analysis, comprehensive, universal,
heritable and stable (can't diagnose children until their personality becomes stable),
made of OCEAN
Factor analysis - answerStatistical technique used to group subjects together
Extroversion - answerWarmth, gragariousness, assertiveness, positive emotions, less
sucseptable to depression or anxiety, excitement seeking
Agreeableness - answerTrust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty,
tender minded
Conscientiousness/dependability - answerCompetence, order, dutiful, achievement
striving, self discipline, deliberation, high on need for achievement
Neuroticism/stability - answerAnxiety, hostility, depression, selfconsciousness,
impulseveness, vulnerability, all qualities of negative affect
Openness to experience/culture/intellect - answerFantasy, aesthetics, feelings, actions,
ideas, values, score higher with more education, flexible minds
Personality disorder statistics - answer.5-2.5% population, higher in inpatient and
outpatient settings, thought to begin in childhood and run chronic course, high
comorbidity rates
, Gender bias - answerExists in diagnosis, men more likely to be diagnosed with
antisocial disorder, women with borderline personality disorder
Cluster A Characteristics - answerOdd or eccentric, include paranoid, schizoid and
schizotypical,
Cluster B Characteristics - answerDramatic, emotional, erratic, wide variations in mood
regulation and emotion, include antisocial and borderline
Cluster C characteristics - answerFearful or anxious, includs avoidant, obsessive-
compulsive which is rule governed and dislike straying from pattern
Paranoid Personality disorder Characteristics - answerPervasive and unjustified
mistrust and suspicion, hard to develop relationships, few want to give out info cause it
will be used against them, similar to paranoid schizo
Paranoid Personality disorder causes - answerBiological and psychological
contributions are unclear, early learning that world is dangerous
Paranoid personality disorder treatment - answerFew seek help, focus on development
of trust, cognitive therapy to counter negative thinking, lack good outcome studies
Schizoid personality disorder characteristics - answerPervasive pattern of detachment
from social relationships, limited range of emotions in interpersonal situations, don't
desire relationships, no empathy or sympathy, no mistrust, may be preschizophrenia
condition, no paranoia
Schizoid Personality disorder causes and treatment - answerEtiology unclear,
preference for social isolation resembles autism, few seek help, focus on value of
interpersonal relationships, build empathy and social skills, lack good outcome studies
Schizotypal Personality Disorder characteristics - answerOdd and unusual behavior and
appearance, socially isolated and suspicious, magical thinking, ideas of reference and
illusions, many comorbid with depression, odd behaviors turn others away, believe they
can read minds or implant thoughts, feel presence of someone still there, don't keep
clean living environment
Schizotypal Personality disorder causes - answerPhenotype of schizophrenia genotype
maybe, MRI shows structural brain abnormalities, sometimes causes intellectual
impairment
Schizotypal personality disorder treatment - answerMain focus on developing social
skills and addresses comorbid depression, medical treatment similar to schizophrenia,
prognosis is poor
