NURS 3332 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Factors relating to Hypochloremia - ANSWER -severe vomiting
-burns
-chronic respiratory acidosis
-nasogastric suctioning
-metabolic alkalosis
-Addison disease
functions of potassium - ANSWER -neuromuscular function
-metabolic process
normal range for potassium - ANSWER 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Normal range for sodium - ANSWER 135-145 mEq/L
normal range of calcium - ANSWER 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
Management of hypernatremia - ANSWER Gradual lowering of serum sodium level via
infusion of hypotonic electrolyte solution
Diuretics
Assessment for abnormal loss of water and low water intake
Assess for over-the-counter sources of sodium
Monitor for CNS changes
Correction should be over a 48-72 hour time span
, Management of hypokalemia - ANSWER Potassium replacement: Increased dietary
potassium or IV for severe deficit
Monitor ECG for changes
Monitor ABGs
Monitor patients receiving digitalis for toxicity
Monitor for early signs and symptoms
Administer IV potassium only after adequate urine output has been established. (NEVER
GIVE IVP BOLUS) Max dose in 24 hr - 150mEq
Clinical manifestation of dehydration - ANSWER -Increased urine specific gravity
-Increased BUN
-Increased serum osmolality
Clinical manifestations of hyponatremia - ANSWER -Headache
-Lethargy
-Confusion
-Seziures
-N/V
-Coma
Factors relating to hyperkalemia - ANSWER -Acute or chronic renal failure
-Medications
-Excessive intake of foods high in K+
-Shift of intracellular potassium to the extracellular space
clinical manifestations of hypervolemia - ANSWER -CHF
-Nephrotic syndrome
-Cirrhosis
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Factors relating to Hypochloremia - ANSWER -severe vomiting
-burns
-chronic respiratory acidosis
-nasogastric suctioning
-metabolic alkalosis
-Addison disease
functions of potassium - ANSWER -neuromuscular function
-metabolic process
normal range for potassium - ANSWER 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Normal range for sodium - ANSWER 135-145 mEq/L
normal range of calcium - ANSWER 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
Management of hypernatremia - ANSWER Gradual lowering of serum sodium level via
infusion of hypotonic electrolyte solution
Diuretics
Assessment for abnormal loss of water and low water intake
Assess for over-the-counter sources of sodium
Monitor for CNS changes
Correction should be over a 48-72 hour time span
, Management of hypokalemia - ANSWER Potassium replacement: Increased dietary
potassium or IV for severe deficit
Monitor ECG for changes
Monitor ABGs
Monitor patients receiving digitalis for toxicity
Monitor for early signs and symptoms
Administer IV potassium only after adequate urine output has been established. (NEVER
GIVE IVP BOLUS) Max dose in 24 hr - 150mEq
Clinical manifestation of dehydration - ANSWER -Increased urine specific gravity
-Increased BUN
-Increased serum osmolality
Clinical manifestations of hyponatremia - ANSWER -Headache
-Lethargy
-Confusion
-Seziures
-N/V
-Coma
Factors relating to hyperkalemia - ANSWER -Acute or chronic renal failure
-Medications
-Excessive intake of foods high in K+
-Shift of intracellular potassium to the extracellular space
clinical manifestations of hypervolemia - ANSWER -CHF
-Nephrotic syndrome
-Cirrhosis
