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Which .of .the .following .condition .is .the .most .common .cause .of .increase .anion
.gap?
A.Metabolic .alkalosis
B. .Metabolic .acidosis
Respiratory .acidosis
Respiratory .alkalosis .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-B. .Metabolic .acidosis

High .anion .gap .metabolic .acidosis .is .caused .generally .by .the .body .producing
.too .much .acid .or .not .producing .enough .bicarbonate. .This .is .often .due .to .an
.increase .in .lactic .acid .or .ketoacids, .or .it .may .be .a .sign .of .kidney .failure. .More
.rarely, .high .anion .gap .metabolic .acidosis .may .be .caused .by .ingesting
.methanol .or .overdosing .on .aspirin.


Which .of .the .following .enzymes .has .the .longest .elevation .after .Myocardial
.Infarction .(MI)?


.CK-MB


.Myoglobin


.Troponin


.AOTA .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-C. .Troponin


Troponin .is .elevated .up .to .10-14 .days .after .Myocardial .Infarction.

Lactic .acid .specimen:

.Chilled .and .separated .from .cells


.Heated


.Room .temperature


.Request .EDTA .sample .only .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .Chilled .and .separated
.from .cells

,Feedback .Special .Handling: .No .tourniquet. .Place .on .ice .immediately .and .deliver
.to .lab .or .aliquot .within .15 .minutes. .DO .NOT .FREEZE .WHOLE .BLOOD
.SPECIMEN.


Specific .gravity .measured .by .refractometer: .1.035. .Protein .and .glucose .both
.trace .in .reagent .strip:


.Presence .X-ray .medium


.Albuminuria


.Glucosuria


.Normal .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .Presence .X-Ray .medium


Feedback .Xray .medium/Radiographic .dye .can .cause .erroneous .results .in .urine
.specific .gravity .measurement.


A .patient .with .walking .pneumonia .is .being .treated .with .penicillin. .State .one
.possible .condition .why .the .patient .is .not .recovering:


.The .organism .produces .beta .lactamase


.The .organism .has .no .cell .wall


.The .organism .has .capsule


.The .organism .produces .an .enzyme .that .neutralizes .the .antibiotic .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-B. .The .organism .has .no .cell .wall. .


Feedback .Pneumonia .caused .by .Mycoplasma .pneumoniae .is .routinely .treated
.with .antibiotics, .although .the .disease .is .usually .self-limiting. .The .disease .is
.treated .with .macrolide, .tetracycline, .or .fluoroquinolone .classes .of .antibiotics.
.All .mycoplasmas .lack .a .cell .wall .and, .therefore, .all .are .inherently .resistant .to
.beta-lactam .antibiotics .(e.g., .penicillin).


What .is .the .coefficient .of .variation .if .the .mean .is .90 .and .the .standard .deviation
.is .5.48?


.2.75


.6.09


.5.68


.30 .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-B. .6.09


Feedback:
CV= .SD/meanX100, .

,(5.48/90)X100= .6.09.

Blood .smear .below .denotes .Hairy .Cell .Leukemia .(HCL), .which .of .the .following
.test .is .used .to .identify .this .type .of .leukemia?
Image. .1
.Myeloperoxidase


.Tartrate-resistant .acid .phosphatase


.Tartrate-resistant .alkaline .phosphatase


.Sudan .Black .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-B. .Tartrate-resistant .acid .phosphatase


Feedback:
Hairy .cells .demonstrate .strong .positivity .for .tartrate-resistant .acid .phosphatase
.(TRAP) .staining. .The .hairy .cells .are .larger .than .normal .and .positive .for .CD19,
.CD20, .CD22, .CD11c, .CD25, .CD103, .and .FMC7.


Use .to .differentiate .Salmonella .from .Citrobacter:

.Lysine .decarboxylase


.ONPG


.Indole


.Vogues .Proskauerterm-9 .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .Lysine .decarboxylase


Feedback:
Salmonella .(+); .Citrobacter .(-)

Arrange .the .common .Rh .antigens .according .to .immunogenicity .(greatest .to
.least):


.D>c>E>C>e


.D>C>E>c>e


.D>c>E>e>C


.C>D>c>E>e .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .D>c>E>C>e


Feedback .Most .immunogenic .D .> .c .> .E .> .C .> .e .least .immunogenic.

Most .common .error .in .Polymerase .Chain .Reaction .(PCR) .is .NUCLEIC .ACID
.CONTAMINATION.
A .True .(Correct .Answer)
B .False .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .True

, What .disease .is .associated .with .the .possession .of .HLA-B27?

.Ankylosing .spondylitis


.Hashimoto's .Disease


.Goodpasture's .syndrome


.SLE .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. . Ankylosing .spondylitis


Feedback:
Ankylosing .spondylitis .belongs .to .a .group .of .arthritis .conditions .that .tend .to
.cause .chronic .inflammation .of .the .spine .(spondyloarthropathies). .The .HLA-B27
.gene .can .be .detected .in .the .blood .of .most .patients .with .ankylosing
.spondylitis.


Burr .cells .are .seen .in .the .peripheral .blood .smear, .this .is .indicative .of? .(Fig. .2)

.Uremia .(Kidney .Disease)


.Anemia


.Leukemia


.Liver .Disease .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A. .Uremia .(kidney .Disease)


Feedback:

The .above .shown .picture .illustrates .Burr .cells, .these .cells .are .indicative .of
.Uremia .(kidney .disease)


Anti .IgG .(-); .C3d .(+): .What .should .the .MLS .do?

.Elution


.IAT


.DAT


.Pre-warm .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-D. .Pre-warm


Feedback .Prewarm .technique .can .be .used .to .prevent .cold-reactive
.alloantibodies .or .autoantibodies .from .reacting .in .the .IAT .phase. .Specifically,
.prewarm .technique .prevents .cold .antibodies .from .binding .complement .at .RT
.(as .opposed .to .37o .C .) .and .subsequently .being .detected .by .anti-C3 .in .the .IAT
.by .polyspecific .AHG .serum.


Maximum .interval .which .a .recipient .sample .maybe .used .for .crossmatching .if
.the .patient .has .been .recently .transfused, .has .been .pregnant?