Nancy Caroline’s Emergency Care in the Streets (9TH EDITION) Test
Bank | Complete Guide Chapter 1-53 (study guide) A+ Rated latest
2025/2026
______ is the insertion of a catheter, such as into a vein to allow for
fluid flow - Cannulation
_____ _____ is the practice of preventing contamination of the patient
by using _____ technique - Medical asepsis, aseptic
Because it may not be feasible to maintain a ______ environment in the
field, you must practice medical asepsis to reduce the risk of
contamination and infection - Sterile
______ are used to cleanse an area before performing an invasive
procedure such as IV therapy or medication administration -
Antiseptics
_____ are toxic to living tissue and should never be used on a patient -
Disinfectants
1|Page
,_____ are the most common route for disease transmission in the
health care setting - Needlesticks
______ is defined as inadequate total systemic fluid volume. As fluid
loss occurs from the vascular compartment, the body reacts by shifting
interstitial fluid into the vascular area; fluid also shifts from the
intracellular to the extracellular compartments - Dehydration
Signs/Symptoms of Dehydration: - Decreased LOC
Orthostatic hypotension
Tachypnea
Dry mucous membranes
Decreased urine output
Tachycardia
Poor skin turgor
Flushed, dry skin
Causes of dehydration: - Diarrhea
Vomiting
GI drainage
Infections
DKA
Hemorrhage
2|Page
, Environment emergencies
When the body's total systemic fluid volume increases, _____ occurs.
Fluid fills the vascular compartment, filters into the interstitial
compartment, and is forced from the engorged interstitial
compartment into the intracellular component - Overhydration
Signs/symptoms of overhydration: - Shortness of breath
Puffy eyelids
Edema
Polyuria
Moist crackles/rales
Acute weight gain
______ is used as the benchmark to calculate a solution's tonicity. The
concentration in the cells of the body is approximately ____% - Sodium,
0.9%
Human Plasma Composition
Sodium:
Chloride:
Potassium:
Calcium:
3|Page
Bank | Complete Guide Chapter 1-53 (study guide) A+ Rated latest
2025/2026
______ is the insertion of a catheter, such as into a vein to allow for
fluid flow - Cannulation
_____ _____ is the practice of preventing contamination of the patient
by using _____ technique - Medical asepsis, aseptic
Because it may not be feasible to maintain a ______ environment in the
field, you must practice medical asepsis to reduce the risk of
contamination and infection - Sterile
______ are used to cleanse an area before performing an invasive
procedure such as IV therapy or medication administration -
Antiseptics
_____ are toxic to living tissue and should never be used on a patient -
Disinfectants
1|Page
,_____ are the most common route for disease transmission in the
health care setting - Needlesticks
______ is defined as inadequate total systemic fluid volume. As fluid
loss occurs from the vascular compartment, the body reacts by shifting
interstitial fluid into the vascular area; fluid also shifts from the
intracellular to the extracellular compartments - Dehydration
Signs/Symptoms of Dehydration: - Decreased LOC
Orthostatic hypotension
Tachypnea
Dry mucous membranes
Decreased urine output
Tachycardia
Poor skin turgor
Flushed, dry skin
Causes of dehydration: - Diarrhea
Vomiting
GI drainage
Infections
DKA
Hemorrhage
2|Page
, Environment emergencies
When the body's total systemic fluid volume increases, _____ occurs.
Fluid fills the vascular compartment, filters into the interstitial
compartment, and is forced from the engorged interstitial
compartment into the intracellular component - Overhydration
Signs/symptoms of overhydration: - Shortness of breath
Puffy eyelids
Edema
Polyuria
Moist crackles/rales
Acute weight gain
______ is used as the benchmark to calculate a solution's tonicity. The
concentration in the cells of the body is approximately ____% - Sodium,
0.9%
Human Plasma Composition
Sodium:
Chloride:
Potassium:
Calcium:
3|Page
