Page |1
NAVLE STUDYGUIDE EXAM 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
SOLUTIONS | GUARANTEED SUCCESS.
Otitis media/interna - correct answer - - signs = head tilt, horizontal
nystagmus, ataxia, +/- ipsilateral facial neuropathy, ipsilateral Horner's, no
CP deficits
- tx = long term abx, bulla osteotomy
- residual head tilt may be permanent
- most common agents = staph, strep, pseudomonas, proteus, malassezia
- nasopharyngeal polyps = common cause in young adult cats
Encephalitis - correct answer - - multifocal
- dx = CBC + CSF analysis
- dfdx = distemper, toxoplasma, neosporal, crypto, ehrlichia, rickettsia
- tx = treat underlying cause
, Page |2
- most common non-infectious cause = granulomatous
meningoencephalitis
- pug encephalitis = necrotizing meningoencephalitis (lymphocytic,
pleocytosis of CSF); forebrain signs
Idiopathic laryngeal paralysis - correct answer - - signs = stridor, dysphoria,
retching/coughing with eating/drinking, older large/giant breeds
- dfdx = iatrogenic, rabies, HYPOTHYROID, MYASTHENIA
- dx = laryngoscopy, electromyography
- tx = exercise restriction, arythenoid lateralization (tie back)
- risk of aspiration pneumonia
Acquired myasthenia gravis - correct answer - - signs = episodic weakness,
pelvic weakness, regurgitation, depressed palpebral reflex, no CP deficits
- dfdx = myopathy, tick paralysis, neuropathy, systemic illness,
organophosphate, hypoT, botulism, thymoma
- dx = ACh receptor antibody test, thoracic rads, tensilon
, Page |3
- tx = aspiration pneumonia, elevated feeding, anticholinesterase
(pyridostigmine), steroids
Hypokalemic myopathy - correct answer - - acute onset older cat
CERVICAL VENTOFLEXION, generalized weakness, stiff gait, hereditary
- dfdx = polymyositis, MG, organophosphate
- dx = blood K+ < 3.5, renal profile, thyroid panel, CK, positive response to
K supplementation
- tx = oral potassium gluconate
- usually associated w/ CKD
Aortic thromboembolism - correct answer - - middle age male > female
- signs = acute onset pain, paraplegia, COOL CYANOTIC FEET/NAIL
BEDS, loss of deep pain
- dfdx = spinal trauma, spinal tumor, myelitis, pelvic fracture
- dx = bloodwork, heartworm, T4, coag, echo, doppler, FAST scan
, Page |4
- tx = tx underlying dz and manage pain, close dissolution (warfarin
heparin), clopidogrel
FIP (dry form) - correct answer - - uveitis/chorioretinitis (protein, change in
iris color)
- < 2 yo, multicat household, purebred
- dx = CSF titer + analysis (protein > 200, WBC > 100)
- often involves brainstem or cerebellum
Diabetic polyneuropathy - correct answer - - > 7 yo, neutered males
- lethargy, poor grooming, plantigrade stance, poor patellar reflexes, CP
deficits
- dx = serum and urine glucose
- tx = insulin glargine, restrict carbs (<15% met energy), increase fiber
Feline hyperesthesia syndrome - correct answer - - hypersensitivity to
touch in lumbar/lumbosacral region
NAVLE STUDYGUIDE EXAM 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
SOLUTIONS | GUARANTEED SUCCESS.
Otitis media/interna - correct answer - - signs = head tilt, horizontal
nystagmus, ataxia, +/- ipsilateral facial neuropathy, ipsilateral Horner's, no
CP deficits
- tx = long term abx, bulla osteotomy
- residual head tilt may be permanent
- most common agents = staph, strep, pseudomonas, proteus, malassezia
- nasopharyngeal polyps = common cause in young adult cats
Encephalitis - correct answer - - multifocal
- dx = CBC + CSF analysis
- dfdx = distemper, toxoplasma, neosporal, crypto, ehrlichia, rickettsia
- tx = treat underlying cause
, Page |2
- most common non-infectious cause = granulomatous
meningoencephalitis
- pug encephalitis = necrotizing meningoencephalitis (lymphocytic,
pleocytosis of CSF); forebrain signs
Idiopathic laryngeal paralysis - correct answer - - signs = stridor, dysphoria,
retching/coughing with eating/drinking, older large/giant breeds
- dfdx = iatrogenic, rabies, HYPOTHYROID, MYASTHENIA
- dx = laryngoscopy, electromyography
- tx = exercise restriction, arythenoid lateralization (tie back)
- risk of aspiration pneumonia
Acquired myasthenia gravis - correct answer - - signs = episodic weakness,
pelvic weakness, regurgitation, depressed palpebral reflex, no CP deficits
- dfdx = myopathy, tick paralysis, neuropathy, systemic illness,
organophosphate, hypoT, botulism, thymoma
- dx = ACh receptor antibody test, thoracic rads, tensilon
, Page |3
- tx = aspiration pneumonia, elevated feeding, anticholinesterase
(pyridostigmine), steroids
Hypokalemic myopathy - correct answer - - acute onset older cat
CERVICAL VENTOFLEXION, generalized weakness, stiff gait, hereditary
- dfdx = polymyositis, MG, organophosphate
- dx = blood K+ < 3.5, renal profile, thyroid panel, CK, positive response to
K supplementation
- tx = oral potassium gluconate
- usually associated w/ CKD
Aortic thromboembolism - correct answer - - middle age male > female
- signs = acute onset pain, paraplegia, COOL CYANOTIC FEET/NAIL
BEDS, loss of deep pain
- dfdx = spinal trauma, spinal tumor, myelitis, pelvic fracture
- dx = bloodwork, heartworm, T4, coag, echo, doppler, FAST scan
, Page |4
- tx = tx underlying dz and manage pain, close dissolution (warfarin
heparin), clopidogrel
FIP (dry form) - correct answer - - uveitis/chorioretinitis (protein, change in
iris color)
- < 2 yo, multicat household, purebred
- dx = CSF titer + analysis (protein > 200, WBC > 100)
- often involves brainstem or cerebellum
Diabetic polyneuropathy - correct answer - - > 7 yo, neutered males
- lethargy, poor grooming, plantigrade stance, poor patellar reflexes, CP
deficits
- dx = serum and urine glucose
- tx = insulin glargine, restrict carbs (<15% met energy), increase fiber
Feline hyperesthesia syndrome - correct answer - - hypersensitivity to
touch in lumbar/lumbosacral region
