Coaching With Beena Siby
P R E PA R E D B Y: B e e n a S i b y
For Coaching, Contact: +91 9061808429
https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
, INDEX
1. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 02
2. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 29
3. GASTRO INTESTINAL SYSTEM 47
4. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 64
5. GENITO URINARY SYSTEM 76
6. NERVOUS SYSTEM 83
7. MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM 97
8. EYE AND EAR 104
9. DERMATOLOGY 109
10.PAEDIATRIC NURSING 115
11.PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 173
12.COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 195
13.ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT 198
14.RESEARCH AND STATISTICS 201
15.OBG 205
2
Haad DHA Prometric MOH Coaching with Beena Siby Contact: +91 9061808429 https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
,MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart is situated on the left side of the thoracic cavity. If it present in the right side of the body is
known as dextrocardia
3 layers – pericardium ( outer) , mayocardium ( middle ), endo cardium( inner ) . normal pericardial
fluid in pericardium 10 -30 ml
Left ventricle is the largest chamber
Conduction system – SA node( is producing 60-100 impulses/mt. SA node producing impulses is
the basic of our heart beat ), AV node ( if SA node is fail toproduce impulses then the AV node is
producing 40-60 impulss/mt ), bundle of his, purkinje fibres ( 20-40 impulses/mt )
AORTA – is supplying oxygenated blood to entire body . the branches are
✔ Ascending aorta – is supplying oxygenated blood to mayocardialcell through coronary artery
✔ Arch of aorta – is supplying oxygenated blood to brain and upper extrimities
✔ Desending aorta – is supplying blood to abdominal organs and lower extrimities
Coronary artery branches
✔ Right coronary artery – is supplying to right atrium & ventricles, inferior portion of left
ventricle, posterior septal wall & SA node and AV node
✔ Left coronary artery
3
Haad DHA Prometric MOH Coaching with Beena Siby Contact: +91 9061808429 https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
, ● Left anterior desending - anterior wall of left ventricle, anterior ventricular
septum,apex of the left ventricle
● Circumflex artery - ls supplying blood to left atrium, lateral and posterior surface of
the left ventricle
HEART SOUNDS
⮚ S1: produced by closure of atrio ventricular valves (ventricular depolarization).
Auscultation at the apex of heart, patient position supine.( because clearly audible and big
sound )
⮚ S2: produced by closure of semi lunar valves (ventricular repolarisation)
Auscultation at the Erbs point, patient position supine
⮚ S3 physiological heard in newborn, pregnancy and athletes
GALLOP
⮚ S3 gallop (ventricular gallop) cause systolic heart failure
Auscultation apex, pt position left lateral ( because is not clearly audible in supine position ).
⮚ S4 gallop (atrial gallop) cause diastolic heart failure.
Auscultation apex, patient position left lateral.
HEART MURMURS
⮚ SYSTOLIC MURMER - causes; aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, mitral regurgitation ( in
mitral regurgitation murmer radiating to the left axiala ), tricuspid regurgitation,
ASD(systolic ejection murmur), VSD ( holosystolic murmur)
⮚ DIASTOLIC MURMUR: Causes: aortic and pulmonic regurgitation mitral and tricuspid
stenosis
⮚ CONTINUOUS MURMUR : causes PDA (machinery murmur or Gibson murmur ) ,
coarctation of aorta
⮚ BRUIT AND THRILL SOUND : Bruit is vascular murmur . Causes : PVD, renal artert
stenosis, carotid artery stenosis, aneurysm, COA, atherosclerosis, AV fistula, thrill is tremor
or vibration felt on palpation AV fistula
CARDIAC OUTPUT
⮚ volume of blood ejected from ventricle per minute.
⮚ CO=SV* HR
⮚ Normal is: 5 litre /minute
STROKE VOLUME
⮚ Is the volume of blood pumped from the ventricle per beat.
⮚ Normal: 70 ml per beat
⮚ Stroke volume = EDV - ESV volume of blood pumped by the left or right (ESV = 140ml,
EDV =70 ml)
4
Haad DHA Prometric MOH Coaching with Beena Siby Contact: +91 9061808429 https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
P R E PA R E D B Y: B e e n a S i b y
For Coaching, Contact: +91 9061808429
https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
, INDEX
1. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 02
2. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 29
3. GASTRO INTESTINAL SYSTEM 47
4. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 64
5. GENITO URINARY SYSTEM 76
6. NERVOUS SYSTEM 83
7. MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM 97
8. EYE AND EAR 104
9. DERMATOLOGY 109
10.PAEDIATRIC NURSING 115
11.PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 173
12.COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 195
13.ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT 198
14.RESEARCH AND STATISTICS 201
15.OBG 205
2
Haad DHA Prometric MOH Coaching with Beena Siby Contact: +91 9061808429 https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
,MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart is situated on the left side of the thoracic cavity. If it present in the right side of the body is
known as dextrocardia
3 layers – pericardium ( outer) , mayocardium ( middle ), endo cardium( inner ) . normal pericardial
fluid in pericardium 10 -30 ml
Left ventricle is the largest chamber
Conduction system – SA node( is producing 60-100 impulses/mt. SA node producing impulses is
the basic of our heart beat ), AV node ( if SA node is fail toproduce impulses then the AV node is
producing 40-60 impulss/mt ), bundle of his, purkinje fibres ( 20-40 impulses/mt )
AORTA – is supplying oxygenated blood to entire body . the branches are
✔ Ascending aorta – is supplying oxygenated blood to mayocardialcell through coronary artery
✔ Arch of aorta – is supplying oxygenated blood to brain and upper extrimities
✔ Desending aorta – is supplying blood to abdominal organs and lower extrimities
Coronary artery branches
✔ Right coronary artery – is supplying to right atrium & ventricles, inferior portion of left
ventricle, posterior septal wall & SA node and AV node
✔ Left coronary artery
3
Haad DHA Prometric MOH Coaching with Beena Siby Contact: +91 9061808429 https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
, ● Left anterior desending - anterior wall of left ventricle, anterior ventricular
septum,apex of the left ventricle
● Circumflex artery - ls supplying blood to left atrium, lateral and posterior surface of
the left ventricle
HEART SOUNDS
⮚ S1: produced by closure of atrio ventricular valves (ventricular depolarization).
Auscultation at the apex of heart, patient position supine.( because clearly audible and big
sound )
⮚ S2: produced by closure of semi lunar valves (ventricular repolarisation)
Auscultation at the Erbs point, patient position supine
⮚ S3 physiological heard in newborn, pregnancy and athletes
GALLOP
⮚ S3 gallop (ventricular gallop) cause systolic heart failure
Auscultation apex, pt position left lateral ( because is not clearly audible in supine position ).
⮚ S4 gallop (atrial gallop) cause diastolic heart failure.
Auscultation apex, patient position left lateral.
HEART MURMURS
⮚ SYSTOLIC MURMER - causes; aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, mitral regurgitation ( in
mitral regurgitation murmer radiating to the left axiala ), tricuspid regurgitation,
ASD(systolic ejection murmur), VSD ( holosystolic murmur)
⮚ DIASTOLIC MURMUR: Causes: aortic and pulmonic regurgitation mitral and tricuspid
stenosis
⮚ CONTINUOUS MURMUR : causes PDA (machinery murmur or Gibson murmur ) ,
coarctation of aorta
⮚ BRUIT AND THRILL SOUND : Bruit is vascular murmur . Causes : PVD, renal artert
stenosis, carotid artery stenosis, aneurysm, COA, atherosclerosis, AV fistula, thrill is tremor
or vibration felt on palpation AV fistula
CARDIAC OUTPUT
⮚ volume of blood ejected from ventricle per minute.
⮚ CO=SV* HR
⮚ Normal is: 5 litre /minute
STROKE VOLUME
⮚ Is the volume of blood pumped from the ventricle per beat.
⮚ Normal: 70 ml per beat
⮚ Stroke volume = EDV - ESV volume of blood pumped by the left or right (ESV = 140ml,
EDV =70 ml)
4
Haad DHA Prometric MOH Coaching with Beena Siby Contact: +91 9061808429 https://facebook.com/beena.siby24
