PN Adult Medical Surgical Online Practice 2025 A with Explanations

1. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and is on contact isolation precautions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Keep the door of the client's room closed at all times. B. Remove gloves after leaving the client's room. C. Wear a mask when working within 1 m (3 feet) of the client. D. Have a designated stethoscope in the client's room. Answer: Have a designated stethoscope in the client's room. The nurse should designate equipment to leave in the client's room to avoid cross-contamination. The designated equipment should be disposed of or decontaminated before leaving the client's room. The nurse should keep the door of a client's room closed at all times if the client requires airborne precautions. The nurse should remove gloves before leaving the client's room. The nurse should wear a mask when working within 1 m (3 feet) of a client who requires droplet precautions. 2. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "You can take acetaminophen for pain." B. "Consume a diet that is high in animal protein." C. "Sleep lying flat on your back." D. "Consume foods that are low in sodium." Answer: "Consume foods that are low in sodium." The nurse should instruct the client to consume foods that are low in sodium to reduce the development of edema and ascites. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking any over-the-counter medications, including acetaminophen, which is toxic to the liver. " The nurse should instruct the client to increase vegetable proteins and reduce animal proteins in their diet to limit the development of encephalopathy.(damage/disease that affect the brain). The nurse should instruct the client to elevate the head of their bed while sleeping to prevent shortness of breath from the pressure of ascites or hydrothorax.( noninflammatory collection of serous fluid within the pleural cavities.)