PCN 107 - final exam |48 Questions and Answers
Cognitive Behavioral Theory - -emotions and behaviors are all based on perceptions
-Aaron Beck - -primary theorist for Cognitive theory
-main tenets of Cognitive theory - --neutral on human nature
- humans are organisms adapting to the environment
- human behavior: survival and reproduction
- cognition = content and process
-beliefs - -- components of schema
-critical focus in CT
- 2 types of cognitions: core beliefs and assumptions
-3 levels of cognitive processes - -- automatic / pre-conscious
- conscious
- metacognition
-schemata - -"blue prints" are produced by cognitive structures to organize copious
amounts of information
- multi-dimensional
-automatic thoughts - -fast, evaluative statement that is reasonable to the thinker
(distorted, accurate but distorted, and accurate but dysfunctional)
-modes - -networks of schema
- 3 major modes: primal (evolutionary goals), constructive (developed through
experience), and minor (more conscious control)
-primal modes - -threat, loss, victim, and self enhancement (where the brain and the body
come together in CT)
-Reality Therapy - -Dr. William Glasser
- 5 basic needs: love and belonging, power, fun, survival, and freedom
-Main psychologists in Reality Therapy - -William Glasser and Robert Wubbolding
-love and belonging - -most important need
- 2 personalities unsuitable for long term relationships: sociopath and workless individual
-quality world - -the world of wants, refers to a set of mental images of needs- fulfilling
things or people
-total behavior - -how we behave all the time
, 4 components: acting, thinking, feeling, physiological
-ideological basis in choice theory - -we choose everything
-dysfunction in RT - -bad choices
- we get lonely
- choose depression as a way to deal with difficulty (more functional than anger)
- choosing depression avoids more difficult alternatives
-counseling process in RT - -WDEP
wants / direction
doing
evaluate
plan
-primary technique in RT - -questioning
-Narrative therapy - -life is a process of storytelling
- a social constructivist approach to therapy
reality is subjective
-main people in narrative therapy - -Michael White and David Epston
-central constructs of narrative therapy - --stories
-thinness and thickness
-unique outcomes
-views of human nature in narrative therapy - -power holders in society greatly affect
language and social norms
individual creates reality through interactions or discourses
- anti-deterministic
- optimistic approach
- anti-objectivist
-4 premises of narrative therapy - -- realities are socially constructed
- realities are constituted through language
- realities are organized and maintained through narrative
- there are no essential truths
-therapeutic process in narrative therapy - -4 stages:
1. joining
2. challenging patterns
3. re-authoring
4. moving on
a free-flowing process where phases can re-emerge
Cognitive Behavioral Theory - -emotions and behaviors are all based on perceptions
-Aaron Beck - -primary theorist for Cognitive theory
-main tenets of Cognitive theory - --neutral on human nature
- humans are organisms adapting to the environment
- human behavior: survival and reproduction
- cognition = content and process
-beliefs - -- components of schema
-critical focus in CT
- 2 types of cognitions: core beliefs and assumptions
-3 levels of cognitive processes - -- automatic / pre-conscious
- conscious
- metacognition
-schemata - -"blue prints" are produced by cognitive structures to organize copious
amounts of information
- multi-dimensional
-automatic thoughts - -fast, evaluative statement that is reasonable to the thinker
(distorted, accurate but distorted, and accurate but dysfunctional)
-modes - -networks of schema
- 3 major modes: primal (evolutionary goals), constructive (developed through
experience), and minor (more conscious control)
-primal modes - -threat, loss, victim, and self enhancement (where the brain and the body
come together in CT)
-Reality Therapy - -Dr. William Glasser
- 5 basic needs: love and belonging, power, fun, survival, and freedom
-Main psychologists in Reality Therapy - -William Glasser and Robert Wubbolding
-love and belonging - -most important need
- 2 personalities unsuitable for long term relationships: sociopath and workless individual
-quality world - -the world of wants, refers to a set of mental images of needs- fulfilling
things or people
-total behavior - -how we behave all the time
, 4 components: acting, thinking, feeling, physiological
-ideological basis in choice theory - -we choose everything
-dysfunction in RT - -bad choices
- we get lonely
- choose depression as a way to deal with difficulty (more functional than anger)
- choosing depression avoids more difficult alternatives
-counseling process in RT - -WDEP
wants / direction
doing
evaluate
plan
-primary technique in RT - -questioning
-Narrative therapy - -life is a process of storytelling
- a social constructivist approach to therapy
reality is subjective
-main people in narrative therapy - -Michael White and David Epston
-central constructs of narrative therapy - --stories
-thinness and thickness
-unique outcomes
-views of human nature in narrative therapy - -power holders in society greatly affect
language and social norms
individual creates reality through interactions or discourses
- anti-deterministic
- optimistic approach
- anti-objectivist
-4 premises of narrative therapy - -- realities are socially constructed
- realities are constituted through language
- realities are organized and maintained through narrative
- there are no essential truths
-therapeutic process in narrative therapy - -4 stages:
1. joining
2. challenging patterns
3. re-authoring
4. moving on
a free-flowing process where phases can re-emerge
