EFM NCC | LATEST VERSION 2025/
2026 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased
A. Baroceptor response
B. Increased peripheral resistance
C. Vagal reflex - correct answer -C. Vagal reflex
Glucose is transferred across the placenta via _____ _____. - correct answer -Facilitated
diffusion
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins,
narcotics barbiturates, anesthetics, and antibiotics are transferred across the placenta via _____
_____. - correct answer -Simple (passive) diffusion
Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine are transferred
across the placenta via _____ _____. - correct answer -Active transport
,Well-oxygenated fetal blood enters the _____ ventricle, which supplies the heart and brain.
Less-oxygenated blood enters the ______ ventricle, which supplies the rest of the body. -
correct answer -Left; right
Fetal blood has a _______ affinity for oxygen compared with the mother's blood, which
facilitates adaptation to the low PO2 at which the placenta oxygenates the fetus.
A. Higher
B. Lower - correct answer -A. Higher
The fetus has a _______ cardiac output and heart rate than the adult, resulting in rapid
circulation.
A. Higher
B. Lower - correct answer -A. Higher
Which statement best describes the relationship between maternal and fetal hemoglobin
levels?
A. Fetal hemoglobin is higher than maternal hemoglobin
B. Maternal hemoglobin is higher than fetal hemoglobin
C. Maternal and fetal hemoglobin are the same - correct answer -A. Fetal hemoglobin is higher
than maternal hemoglobin
A 36 week gestation patient is brought to triage by squad after an MVA on her back. She is not
bleeding and denies pain. She is not short of breath, but c/o dizziness and nausea since they put
her on the gurney. The most likely cause is
,A. Abruptio placenta
B. Preterm labor
C. Supine hypotension - correct answer -C. Supine hypotension
When the hydrogen ion content in the blood rises, the pH
A. Lowers
B. Neutralizes
C. Rises - correct answer -A. Lowers
***A woman receives terbutaline for an external version. You may expect what on the fetal
heart tracing?
A. Decrease in variability
B. Increase in baseline
C. No change - correct answer -B. Increase in baseline
What affect does magnesium sulfate have on the fetal heart rate?
A. Decreases variability
B. Increases variability
C. No change - correct answer -A. Decreases variability
Sinusoidal pattern can be documented when
A. Cycles are 4-6 beats per minute in frequency
, B. The pattern lasts 20 minutes or longer
C. There is moderate or minimal variability - correct answer -B. The pattern lasts 20 minutes or
longer
Vagal stimulation would be manifested as what type of fetal heart rate pattern?
A. Acceleration
B. Early deceleration
C. Tachycardia - correct answer -B. Early deceleration
Which fetal monitoring pattern is characteristic of cephalopelvic disproportion, especially when
seen at the onset of labor?
A. Early deceleration
B. Late deceleration
C. Variable deceleration - correct answer -A. Early deceleration
A risk of amnioinfusion is
A. Prolonged labor
B. Uterine overdistension
C. Water intoxication - correct answer -B. Uterine overdistension
A fetal heart rate pattern that can occur when there is a prolapsed cord is
A. Marked variability
B. Prolonged decelerations
2026 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased
A. Baroceptor response
B. Increased peripheral resistance
C. Vagal reflex - correct answer -C. Vagal reflex
Glucose is transferred across the placenta via _____ _____. - correct answer -Facilitated
diffusion
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins,
narcotics barbiturates, anesthetics, and antibiotics are transferred across the placenta via _____
_____. - correct answer -Simple (passive) diffusion
Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and iodine are transferred
across the placenta via _____ _____. - correct answer -Active transport
,Well-oxygenated fetal blood enters the _____ ventricle, which supplies the heart and brain.
Less-oxygenated blood enters the ______ ventricle, which supplies the rest of the body. -
correct answer -Left; right
Fetal blood has a _______ affinity for oxygen compared with the mother's blood, which
facilitates adaptation to the low PO2 at which the placenta oxygenates the fetus.
A. Higher
B. Lower - correct answer -A. Higher
The fetus has a _______ cardiac output and heart rate than the adult, resulting in rapid
circulation.
A. Higher
B. Lower - correct answer -A. Higher
Which statement best describes the relationship between maternal and fetal hemoglobin
levels?
A. Fetal hemoglobin is higher than maternal hemoglobin
B. Maternal hemoglobin is higher than fetal hemoglobin
C. Maternal and fetal hemoglobin are the same - correct answer -A. Fetal hemoglobin is higher
than maternal hemoglobin
A 36 week gestation patient is brought to triage by squad after an MVA on her back. She is not
bleeding and denies pain. She is not short of breath, but c/o dizziness and nausea since they put
her on the gurney. The most likely cause is
,A. Abruptio placenta
B. Preterm labor
C. Supine hypotension - correct answer -C. Supine hypotension
When the hydrogen ion content in the blood rises, the pH
A. Lowers
B. Neutralizes
C. Rises - correct answer -A. Lowers
***A woman receives terbutaline for an external version. You may expect what on the fetal
heart tracing?
A. Decrease in variability
B. Increase in baseline
C. No change - correct answer -B. Increase in baseline
What affect does magnesium sulfate have on the fetal heart rate?
A. Decreases variability
B. Increases variability
C. No change - correct answer -A. Decreases variability
Sinusoidal pattern can be documented when
A. Cycles are 4-6 beats per minute in frequency
, B. The pattern lasts 20 minutes or longer
C. There is moderate or minimal variability - correct answer -B. The pattern lasts 20 minutes or
longer
Vagal stimulation would be manifested as what type of fetal heart rate pattern?
A. Acceleration
B. Early deceleration
C. Tachycardia - correct answer -B. Early deceleration
Which fetal monitoring pattern is characteristic of cephalopelvic disproportion, especially when
seen at the onset of labor?
A. Early deceleration
B. Late deceleration
C. Variable deceleration - correct answer -A. Early deceleration
A risk of amnioinfusion is
A. Prolonged labor
B. Uterine overdistension
C. Water intoxication - correct answer -B. Uterine overdistension
A fetal heart rate pattern that can occur when there is a prolapsed cord is
A. Marked variability
B. Prolonged decelerations
