EENT NURS 5433 (MOD 1 Study Guide)
QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
1.Glaucoma management: -prevention (first): IOP measured in yearly eye exams, avoid
OTC vasoconstrictive ocular agents and anticholinergic agents
2.Blephatitis definition: inflammation of the eyelid
3.Blepharitis Ulcerative form s/s: (lash follicle in the meibomian glands of the eyelid)
s/s: pustules base of hair follicles that crust and bleed, lashes can become thick and break
easily, itching, tearing, chalazia, recurrent styes, photophobia, small ulcerations at the
eyelid margin
4.Blepharitis Non-ulcerative form associated with: psoriasis seborrhea, eczema, allergies,
lice infestations, trisomy 21, chemical or environmental irritants, eye makeup, contact
lenses
5.blepharitis risk factors: dry eye, frequent hordeolum or chalazium, facial or scalp
seborrhea, immunocompromised state, acne, diabetes, and use of retin-A
6.Blepharitis Seborrheic s/s: chronic inflammation eyelid, erythema, greasy scaling of
anterior eyelid, loss of lashes, and sebborrheic dermatitis of eybrows and scalp
7.Blepharitis treatment: warm moist compresses and lid scrubs with baby shampoo, ( if
d/t meibomian glands) massage gland, no contacts
8.Blepharitis pharm: antibiotic ointments: (start with) bacitracin, erythromycin, and
quinolone
(no results or resistant infections) oral
antibiotics:
(First line) doxycycline 100mg PO BID or
Tetracycline 250 mg 4 times daily
, EENT NURS 5433 (MOD 1 Study Guide)
QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
9.Hordeolum Definition & s/s: (stye) small glands that line the eyelid get plugged & may
fill with pus s/s: erythema, tenderness and sometimes exudate. pearl- inflammation of
sebaceous glands at base of eyelash
10. External hordeolum (stye) cause: inflammation and infection of the eyelid margin;
affects hair follicles and eyelashes.
11 Internal Hordeolum (stye): inflammation and infection of the meibomian glands.
12. Chalazion (definition, differentiation, cause): -granulomatous infection of
meibomian gland
-painless swelling of the eyelid
-initially may be tender, then nontender lump
-can be caused from recurrent styes and or blepharitis pearl- hard, non-tender nodule,
inflammation meibomian gland
13. chalazion vs hordeolum: hordeola: is painful, pus
chalazion: no pain, no exudate, firm nodule -
pear: differentiation
14. Chalazion management: moist compresses, lid massaging scrubs, injected with
steroids, referral if surgical removal needed
15. Conjunctivitis: -inflammation of the conjunctiva (front part of the
eye)
-s/s: red, sometimes itchy, sometimes exudates (r/t bacterial) Pearl:
differentiation bacterial vs viral
, EENT NURS 5433 (MOD 1 Study Guide)
QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
16. Bacterial conjunctivitis causes: -(common): staph, strep, h flu, and m catarrhalis
-Pseudomonas
-gonorrhea
17. Viral conjunctivitis causes: adenoviruses, coxsackie virus, varicella, herpes, and
herpes zoster
18. Herpes in the eye: -viral conjunctivitis
-can cause blindness
-fluorescein stain w/ positive
dendrites
-referred immediately to an ophthalmologist
19 Conjunctivitis s/s: erythema, burning, exudate, itching, sensation of foreign
body (determine whether it's conjunctivitis or foreign body)
20. Patient presents with eye problems, first action is: visual acuity test: Snellin test
-if there's any visual acuity changes at all, these patients need to be referred out to an
ophthalmologist. pearl- ocular foreign body assessment: visual acuity both eyes, next
exam w/ slit lamp or binocular loupe or pen light, next fluorescein stain (last part of exam
to assess corneal defect); lid eversion foreign body: flip eyelid w/ cotton swab, remove
object w/ wet cotton swab
21. Conjunctivitis: Red flags: diminished visual acuity, photophobia, foreign body
sensation, corneal opacity, fixed pupil, severe headache -pear (all above, referral)
22. Allergic Conjunctivitis pharm and management: -decongestant antihistamine drops:
Naphcon -A, Vasocon-A
-mast cell stabilizers: Palatal or Optivar
QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
1.Glaucoma management: -prevention (first): IOP measured in yearly eye exams, avoid
OTC vasoconstrictive ocular agents and anticholinergic agents
2.Blephatitis definition: inflammation of the eyelid
3.Blepharitis Ulcerative form s/s: (lash follicle in the meibomian glands of the eyelid)
s/s: pustules base of hair follicles that crust and bleed, lashes can become thick and break
easily, itching, tearing, chalazia, recurrent styes, photophobia, small ulcerations at the
eyelid margin
4.Blepharitis Non-ulcerative form associated with: psoriasis seborrhea, eczema, allergies,
lice infestations, trisomy 21, chemical or environmental irritants, eye makeup, contact
lenses
5.blepharitis risk factors: dry eye, frequent hordeolum or chalazium, facial or scalp
seborrhea, immunocompromised state, acne, diabetes, and use of retin-A
6.Blepharitis Seborrheic s/s: chronic inflammation eyelid, erythema, greasy scaling of
anterior eyelid, loss of lashes, and sebborrheic dermatitis of eybrows and scalp
7.Blepharitis treatment: warm moist compresses and lid scrubs with baby shampoo, ( if
d/t meibomian glands) massage gland, no contacts
8.Blepharitis pharm: antibiotic ointments: (start with) bacitracin, erythromycin, and
quinolone
(no results or resistant infections) oral
antibiotics:
(First line) doxycycline 100mg PO BID or
Tetracycline 250 mg 4 times daily
, EENT NURS 5433 (MOD 1 Study Guide)
QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
9.Hordeolum Definition & s/s: (stye) small glands that line the eyelid get plugged & may
fill with pus s/s: erythema, tenderness and sometimes exudate. pearl- inflammation of
sebaceous glands at base of eyelash
10. External hordeolum (stye) cause: inflammation and infection of the eyelid margin;
affects hair follicles and eyelashes.
11 Internal Hordeolum (stye): inflammation and infection of the meibomian glands.
12. Chalazion (definition, differentiation, cause): -granulomatous infection of
meibomian gland
-painless swelling of the eyelid
-initially may be tender, then nontender lump
-can be caused from recurrent styes and or blepharitis pearl- hard, non-tender nodule,
inflammation meibomian gland
13. chalazion vs hordeolum: hordeola: is painful, pus
chalazion: no pain, no exudate, firm nodule -
pear: differentiation
14. Chalazion management: moist compresses, lid massaging scrubs, injected with
steroids, referral if surgical removal needed
15. Conjunctivitis: -inflammation of the conjunctiva (front part of the
eye)
-s/s: red, sometimes itchy, sometimes exudates (r/t bacterial) Pearl:
differentiation bacterial vs viral
, EENT NURS 5433 (MOD 1 Study Guide)
QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION
16. Bacterial conjunctivitis causes: -(common): staph, strep, h flu, and m catarrhalis
-Pseudomonas
-gonorrhea
17. Viral conjunctivitis causes: adenoviruses, coxsackie virus, varicella, herpes, and
herpes zoster
18. Herpes in the eye: -viral conjunctivitis
-can cause blindness
-fluorescein stain w/ positive
dendrites
-referred immediately to an ophthalmologist
19 Conjunctivitis s/s: erythema, burning, exudate, itching, sensation of foreign
body (determine whether it's conjunctivitis or foreign body)
20. Patient presents with eye problems, first action is: visual acuity test: Snellin test
-if there's any visual acuity changes at all, these patients need to be referred out to an
ophthalmologist. pearl- ocular foreign body assessment: visual acuity both eyes, next
exam w/ slit lamp or binocular loupe or pen light, next fluorescein stain (last part of exam
to assess corneal defect); lid eversion foreign body: flip eyelid w/ cotton swab, remove
object w/ wet cotton swab
21. Conjunctivitis: Red flags: diminished visual acuity, photophobia, foreign body
sensation, corneal opacity, fixed pupil, severe headache -pear (all above, referral)
22. Allergic Conjunctivitis pharm and management: -decongestant antihistamine drops:
Naphcon -A, Vasocon-A
-mast cell stabilizers: Palatal or Optivar
