USAHS CONDITIONS MIDTERM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED
A+)
What is the typical prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in the general population? -
ANSWER-Autism spectrum disorder is estimated to impact 1 out of every 59 births, as
of 2018. It is four times more likely to impact boys than girls.
What are the different types of symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder? -
ANSWER-Signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder typically last throughout life
and may include the following:
Not showing interest in objects, people, and/or environments
Having difficulty relating with others, including lack of eye contact, challenges
understanding other people's feelings, and preferring to not be touched
As they develop, loss of communication abilities they once had and difficulty expressing
their needs
Participation in repetitive actions or speech
Unusual reactions to sensations
Challenges adapting to changes in routine
What are the risk factors associated with autism spectrum disorder? - ANSWER-Risk
factors include genetic factors, chromosomal abnormalities, exposure to certain
medications in utero, and having parents of advanced maternal/paternal age
What are early signs of potential autism spectrum disorder? - ANSWER-No social
smiling by six months, no use of words by 16 months, no meaningful gestures by one
year, poor eye contact, not responding to sounds, voices, or names, and reversal of
skills
What are the common medications prescribed for autism spectrum disorder? -
ANSWER-Antidepressants, antipsychotics, stimulants, anti-anxiety medications, and
anticonvulsants if seizure activity is present
What is the typical prevalence of ADD/ADHD in the general population? - ANSWER-
ADHD/ADD is one of the most common childhood diagnoses, with a rapid increase in
the rate of diagnoses during the last decade. Approximately 11% of children had
ADHD/ADD in 2011. Males are diagnosed with ADHD more than twice as often as
females.
What are the signs and symptoms of ADD? - ANSWER-For children who primarily
present with inattention, their symptoms may include the following:
Overlooking or missing details and making careless mistakes
, Difficulty sustaining attention even for preferential tasks
Not following through on instructions
Difficulty keeping themselves organized
Demonstrating messy work or poor time management
Avoiding tasks that require sustained mental effort
Losing things
Being easily distracted
Being forgetful during daily activities
What are the signs and symptoms of ADHD? - ANSWER-For children who primarily
present with hyperactivity and impulsivity, their symptoms may include the following:
Frequent movement or an inability to sit still
Running around or climbing and engaging in situations that are inappropriate
Inability to engage in hobbies quietly
Constant talking, blurting out answers, or interrupting others
Difficulty taking turns
What are the common signs and symptoms of SPD? - ANSWER-Symptoms vary widely
depending on the sensory system(s) involved. Examples include:
Difficulty eating
Challenges with sleeping beyond what is age appropriate
Lack of acknowledgment of pain
Being easily startled
Excessive movement
Delayed motor development
Frequent touching of people or objects
Poor communication skills
Easily distracted
Appearing clumsy or lazy
What are the sensory systems that may be impacted by SPD? - ANSWER-Visual,
auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, vestibular, proprioception, interoception
What are common comorbidities to SPD? - ANSWER-Children who are gifted and those
with ADHD, autism, and fragile X syndrome are more likely to have SPD
What is the typical prevalence of DCD in the general population? - ANSWER-It is
estimated that 5%-6% of the general population has DCD, though it is thought that this
is a low representation of the actual number of children with the disorder. Males are
twice as likely as females to be diagnosed.
What are the diagnostic criteria for DCD? - ANSWER-Coordinated motor skill
development/performance substantially below age level
Delays in coordinated motor skills significantly impact ability to perform age appropriate
ADLs.
Delay in motor skill development is not attributed to an intellectual disability
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED
A+)
What is the typical prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in the general population? -
ANSWER-Autism spectrum disorder is estimated to impact 1 out of every 59 births, as
of 2018. It is four times more likely to impact boys than girls.
What are the different types of symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder? -
ANSWER-Signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder typically last throughout life
and may include the following:
Not showing interest in objects, people, and/or environments
Having difficulty relating with others, including lack of eye contact, challenges
understanding other people's feelings, and preferring to not be touched
As they develop, loss of communication abilities they once had and difficulty expressing
their needs
Participation in repetitive actions or speech
Unusual reactions to sensations
Challenges adapting to changes in routine
What are the risk factors associated with autism spectrum disorder? - ANSWER-Risk
factors include genetic factors, chromosomal abnormalities, exposure to certain
medications in utero, and having parents of advanced maternal/paternal age
What are early signs of potential autism spectrum disorder? - ANSWER-No social
smiling by six months, no use of words by 16 months, no meaningful gestures by one
year, poor eye contact, not responding to sounds, voices, or names, and reversal of
skills
What are the common medications prescribed for autism spectrum disorder? -
ANSWER-Antidepressants, antipsychotics, stimulants, anti-anxiety medications, and
anticonvulsants if seizure activity is present
What is the typical prevalence of ADD/ADHD in the general population? - ANSWER-
ADHD/ADD is one of the most common childhood diagnoses, with a rapid increase in
the rate of diagnoses during the last decade. Approximately 11% of children had
ADHD/ADD in 2011. Males are diagnosed with ADHD more than twice as often as
females.
What are the signs and symptoms of ADD? - ANSWER-For children who primarily
present with inattention, their symptoms may include the following:
Overlooking or missing details and making careless mistakes
, Difficulty sustaining attention even for preferential tasks
Not following through on instructions
Difficulty keeping themselves organized
Demonstrating messy work or poor time management
Avoiding tasks that require sustained mental effort
Losing things
Being easily distracted
Being forgetful during daily activities
What are the signs and symptoms of ADHD? - ANSWER-For children who primarily
present with hyperactivity and impulsivity, their symptoms may include the following:
Frequent movement or an inability to sit still
Running around or climbing and engaging in situations that are inappropriate
Inability to engage in hobbies quietly
Constant talking, blurting out answers, or interrupting others
Difficulty taking turns
What are the common signs and symptoms of SPD? - ANSWER-Symptoms vary widely
depending on the sensory system(s) involved. Examples include:
Difficulty eating
Challenges with sleeping beyond what is age appropriate
Lack of acknowledgment of pain
Being easily startled
Excessive movement
Delayed motor development
Frequent touching of people or objects
Poor communication skills
Easily distracted
Appearing clumsy or lazy
What are the sensory systems that may be impacted by SPD? - ANSWER-Visual,
auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, vestibular, proprioception, interoception
What are common comorbidities to SPD? - ANSWER-Children who are gifted and those
with ADHD, autism, and fragile X syndrome are more likely to have SPD
What is the typical prevalence of DCD in the general population? - ANSWER-It is
estimated that 5%-6% of the general population has DCD, though it is thought that this
is a low representation of the actual number of children with the disorder. Males are
twice as likely as females to be diagnosed.
What are the diagnostic criteria for DCD? - ANSWER-Coordinated motor skill
development/performance substantially below age level
Delays in coordinated motor skills significantly impact ability to perform age appropriate
ADLs.
Delay in motor skill development is not attributed to an intellectual disability
