NR503 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE NEW
MODIFIED TESTED AND APPROVED GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE 2026 NEW UPGRADE
1. . Compare and contrast variables that differentiate those categorized at
being at risk for marginalization of health care.
Definition: when an individual or group is put into a position of less power or
isolation within society because of discrimination Limits their opportunities and
means for survival. When an individual is marginalized, they are unable to access
the same services and resources as other people and it becomes very difficult to
have a voice in society.
Marginalization – major cause of vulnerability, which refers to exposure to a range
of possible harms, and being unable to deal with them adequately. •
Variables: social class, race, homelessness, substance abuse, prison/offending,
mental health problems, HIV positive
• Women are more likely to be marginalized than men, because of
their gender. This is evident through the social, economic, and power
imbalances that exist between men and women. For example, more
women than men live in poverty, and men continue to have more
secure, full-time jobs and higher income than their female
counterparts.
Page 1 of 77
, • A woman can also be marginalized because on her HIV status, or
HIV risk. She may experience even more stigma if she is also a part
of other marginalized groups in relation to her race or sexual
orientation. For example, a woman is gay and an immigrant may
also experience homophobia and racism.
Those at risk for marginalization of health care include those without shelter in
rural or urban areas, those living in remote parts of the country, families of lower
socioeconomic status, disabled persons, recent immigrants and refugees,
Indigenous populations, and seniors. Adequately identifying and gaining access to
vulnerable communities are essential steps for the health system in order to
recognize and address their unique health needs.
Four dimensions that capture the principal determinants of health
marginalization: residential instability, material deprivation, ethnic
concentration, and dependency.
(online lesson wk 5) Singletone and Krause (2009) have identified the confounding
variables that result in subpar health communication. These include low health
literacy, cultural barriers, and low English proficiency. The healthcare system is
often confusing for individuals who are proficient in English but are not familiar
with healthcare knowledge and terminology. One can imagine the synergistic
effect of having low health literacy in addition to having inadequate English skills.
The confluence can hinder optimal utilization of the healthcare system.
Page 2 of 77
,(p28)Social determinants of health and inequalities data are areas that APRNs
can also use to inform and guide their practice to develop socioculturally
appropriate interventions. Social determinants that lead to health inequalities
are
recognized situations related to where people are born, grow up, work, live,
and the systems of care available to them to deal with illness and
disease….. Examples of social determinants that are related to health
inequalities include poverty, educational level, racism, income, and poor
housing. These inequalities can lead to poor quality of life, poor self-rated
health, multiple morbidities, limited access to resources, premature death,
and unnecessary risks and vulnerabilities.
(p37) Disparities/inequity to be assessed by the following:
• Race/ethnicity
• Gender
• Socioeconomic status
• Disability status
• LGBT status
• Geography
Page 3 of 77
, (p40) It is widely recognized now that the social determinants of
health, such as housing, education, access to public
transportation, access to safe water, access to fresh food, and the
built environment, are all related to a population’s health. In
addition to ethnicity, other characteristics also contribute to the
presence of disparities or the achievement of good health such
as gender, sexual orientation, geographic location, working
environment, cognitive, sensory, or physical disability, and
socioeconomic status.
Week 5 (Ch. 2)
2 . Discriminate populations at risk for development of chronic health
conditions while associating the role of the Advanced Practice Nurse in levels
of promotion.
Common risk factors: unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use
Childhood risk: There is now extensive evidence from many countries that
conditions before birth and in early childhood influence health in adult life. For
Page 4 of 77
MODIFIED TESTED AND APPROVED GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE 2026 NEW UPGRADE
1. . Compare and contrast variables that differentiate those categorized at
being at risk for marginalization of health care.
Definition: when an individual or group is put into a position of less power or
isolation within society because of discrimination Limits their opportunities and
means for survival. When an individual is marginalized, they are unable to access
the same services and resources as other people and it becomes very difficult to
have a voice in society.
Marginalization – major cause of vulnerability, which refers to exposure to a range
of possible harms, and being unable to deal with them adequately. •
Variables: social class, race, homelessness, substance abuse, prison/offending,
mental health problems, HIV positive
• Women are more likely to be marginalized than men, because of
their gender. This is evident through the social, economic, and power
imbalances that exist between men and women. For example, more
women than men live in poverty, and men continue to have more
secure, full-time jobs and higher income than their female
counterparts.
Page 1 of 77
, • A woman can also be marginalized because on her HIV status, or
HIV risk. She may experience even more stigma if she is also a part
of other marginalized groups in relation to her race or sexual
orientation. For example, a woman is gay and an immigrant may
also experience homophobia and racism.
Those at risk for marginalization of health care include those without shelter in
rural or urban areas, those living in remote parts of the country, families of lower
socioeconomic status, disabled persons, recent immigrants and refugees,
Indigenous populations, and seniors. Adequately identifying and gaining access to
vulnerable communities are essential steps for the health system in order to
recognize and address their unique health needs.
Four dimensions that capture the principal determinants of health
marginalization: residential instability, material deprivation, ethnic
concentration, and dependency.
(online lesson wk 5) Singletone and Krause (2009) have identified the confounding
variables that result in subpar health communication. These include low health
literacy, cultural barriers, and low English proficiency. The healthcare system is
often confusing for individuals who are proficient in English but are not familiar
with healthcare knowledge and terminology. One can imagine the synergistic
effect of having low health literacy in addition to having inadequate English skills.
The confluence can hinder optimal utilization of the healthcare system.
Page 2 of 77
,(p28)Social determinants of health and inequalities data are areas that APRNs
can also use to inform and guide their practice to develop socioculturally
appropriate interventions. Social determinants that lead to health inequalities
are
recognized situations related to where people are born, grow up, work, live,
and the systems of care available to them to deal with illness and
disease….. Examples of social determinants that are related to health
inequalities include poverty, educational level, racism, income, and poor
housing. These inequalities can lead to poor quality of life, poor self-rated
health, multiple morbidities, limited access to resources, premature death,
and unnecessary risks and vulnerabilities.
(p37) Disparities/inequity to be assessed by the following:
• Race/ethnicity
• Gender
• Socioeconomic status
• Disability status
• LGBT status
• Geography
Page 3 of 77
, (p40) It is widely recognized now that the social determinants of
health, such as housing, education, access to public
transportation, access to safe water, access to fresh food, and the
built environment, are all related to a population’s health. In
addition to ethnicity, other characteristics also contribute to the
presence of disparities or the achievement of good health such
as gender, sexual orientation, geographic location, working
environment, cognitive, sensory, or physical disability, and
socioeconomic status.
Week 5 (Ch. 2)
2 . Discriminate populations at risk for development of chronic health
conditions while associating the role of the Advanced Practice Nurse in levels
of promotion.
Common risk factors: unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use
Childhood risk: There is now extensive evidence from many countries that
conditions before birth and in early childhood influence health in adult life. For
Page 4 of 77
